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물질주의가 과시소비, 충동구매와 삶의 만족 및 부정적 감정에 미치는 영향
윤성욱(Yoon, Sung-wook),강아롱(Kang, A-rong) 한국경영교육학회 2021 경영교육연구 Vol.36 No.1
[연구목적] 물질주의의 부정적인 영향에 대한 선행연구들은 이루어져 왔지만, 물질주의가 과시소비 및 충동구매에 영향을 미치고 이러한 비합리적인 소비가 삶의 만족 및 부정적 감정에 미치는 전체 변수들 간의 연구는 전무했기에 본 연구에서 이러한 관계들이 동시에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 자료 분석을 위해 신뢰도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 후 측정모델의 적합도를 평가하였고, 이를 바탕으로 측정모형과 구조모델을 동시에 측정하는 구조방정식 검증을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 본 연구를 통한 결과는 다음과 같다. 물질주의가 높을수록 과시소비와 충동구매를 더 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 과시소비 성향이 높을수록 삶의 만족도는 낮아지며, 부정적 감정은 높았다. 마지막으로 충동구매 성향이 높을수록 부정적 감정은 높았지만, 삶의 만족도에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 청소년들의 올바른 가치관과 소비 형태를 정립할 수 있는 교육 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 본다. 그리고 물질주의를 통한 올바르지 못한 구매들이 부정적인 감정을 높이고 삶의 만족을 떨어뜨릴 수 있음을 공익광고를 통해 건전한 인식 전환을 시도해 볼 수 있을 것이며, 구매 후에 느낄 수 있는 부정적 감정들에 대해서는 과시를 통한 우월감, 만족감으로 대신하거나, 실용적인 측면들을 내세워 소비에 대한 정당성을 확보하여 부정적 감정들을 완화 시킬 수 있을 것으로 본다. [Purpose] Previous studies on the negative effects of materialism have been carried out, there has been no study of materialism’s effects on conspicuous consumption and impulse buying nor the study of entire variables between the effects of irrational consumption and satisfaction with life and negative emotions. In this context, this study examines the simultaneous effects of the relationships. [Methodology] This study evaluated the measuring model’s fitness after performing a reliability analysis, an exploratory factor analysis, and a confirmatory factor analysis. Based on this, the verification of the structural equation model simultaneously measuring the measuring model and the structural model was performed. [Findings] The results of this study are as follows: As materialism was higher, conspicuous consumption and impulse buying were higher. As conspicuous consumption was higher, satisfaction with life became lower but negative emotions were higher. Lastly, as the impulse buying disposition was higher, negative emotions were higher, but it did not affect satisfaction with life. [Implications] The result of this study can be used for educational data to establish adolescents’ proper values and behavioral patterns. A sound awareness shift that improper buying can elevate negative emotions and lower satisfaction with life can be attempted through public service advertisement. Negative emotions can be eased by securing legitimacy on consumption by replacing negative emotions with sense of superiority and satisfaction or by presenting the practical aspect.
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( Wook Kyum Kim ),( Sung Yong Kang ),( Soolienah Rhiu ),( Seung Ah Chung ),( Jong Bok Lee ) 대한안과학회 2012 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.26 No.1
Purpose: To report the long term results of bifocal treatment in nonrefractive accommodative esotropia and to analyze the changes of accommodative convergence to accommodation (AC/A) ratio. Methods: Sixteen patients treated with bifocal glasses for at least 5 years were evaluated retrospectively. Angle of deviation at near and distance, refractive error, and AC/A ratio by the lens gradient method were analyzed. The changes of AC/A ratios were also compared after dividing the patients according to continuation or cessation of bifocal therapy. Results: Six patients (38%; bifocal stop group, BSG) were able to stop using bifocal glasses at an average age of 10.8 years (range, 6.5 to 15.4 years) during their follow-up. However, the other ten patients (62%; bifocal continue group, BCG) had to continue using bifocal glasses until the final visit, which was 13.8 years on average (range, 11.3 to 18.5 years). The AC/A ratio decreased from time of bifocal prescription to the last visit in both groups, from 4.4 to 2.7 in the BSG and from 5.9 to 4.5 in the BCG. AC/A ratios were significantly higher(p = 0.03) in the BCG than that of the BSG from the beginning of bifocal treatment and this difference was persistent until the final visit (p=0.03). Conclusions: The AC/A ratio decreased with age in both groups but was significantly higher throughout the entire follow-up period in the BCG. AC/A ratio at bifocal prescription could be an important factor in predicting response to bifocal treatment.
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Sang-Wook Kang,Jung-Suk Choi,Ji-Young Bae,Jing Li,Dong Shoo Kim,Jung-Lye Kim,Seung-Yong Shin,Hyun Ju You,Hyoung-Sook Park,Geun Eog Ji,Young-Hee Kang 한국영양학회 2009 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.3 No.1
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play an important role in tumor invasion, angiogenesis and inflammatory tissue destruction. Increased expression of MMP was observed in benign tissue hyperplasia and in atherosclerotic lesions. Invasive cancer cells utilize MMP to degrade the extracellular matrix and vascular basement membrane during metastasis, where MMP-2 has been implicated in the development and dissemination of malignancies. The present study attempted to examine the antiangiogenic activity of the medicinal herbs of Aspergillus usamii var. shirousamii-transformed Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Zizyphus jujube (tAgR and tZj) with respect to MMP-2 production and endothelial motility in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- or VEGF-exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Nontoxic tAgR and tZj substantially suppressed PMA-induced MMP-2 secretion. In addition, 25 ㎍/mL tAgR and tZj prevented vascular endothelial growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell transmigration and tube formation. The results reveal that tAgR and tZj dampened endothelial MMP-2 production leading to endothelial transmigration and tube formation. tAgR and tZj-mediated inhibition of endothelial MMP may boost a therapeutic efficacy during vascular angiogenesis.
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Two Polymorphisms of Interleukin-4 Gene in Korean Adult Periodontitis
Kang, Byung-Yong,Choi, Young-Kyu,Choi, Wook-Hwan,Kim, Ki-Tae,Choi, Sung-Sook,Kim, Kyungjae,Ha, Nam-Joo The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2003 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.26 No.6
Adult periodontitis is a multifactorial disease characterized by multple genetic and environmental factors. In view of the importance of interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene as a genetic factor for adult periodontitis, we investigated the relationship between two polymorphisms (-590 C $\rightarrow$ T polymorphism and 70 bp repeat polymorphism) of the human IL-4 gene and adult periodontitis in the Korean population. Genomic DNA was extracted from white blood cells of 32 adult periodontitis patients and 150 normal controls, respectively. There were no significant differences in the allele, genotype and haplotype distributions of two polymorph isms between normal controls and adult periodontitis group. Therefore, our results suggest that IL-4 gene locus contributes little to the interindividual susceptibility for adult periodontitis in Korean population.
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Cloning and Expression of Alkaline Phosphatase Gene from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Kang, Sung-Won,Cho, Young-Wook,Park, Eun-Hee,Ahn, Ki-Sup,Lim, Chang-Jin Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2001 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.34 No.3
A cDNA coding alkaline phosphatase (AP) homologue was isolated from a cDNA library of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by colony hybridization. The nucleotide sequence of the cloned cDNA appeared to lack the N-terminal coding region. The genomic DNA encoding alkaline phosphatase homologue was isolated from S. pombe chromosomal DNA using PCR. The amplified DNA fragment was ligated into plasmid pRS315 to generate the recombinant plasmid pSW20. The DNA insert was subcloned as two smaller fragments for nucleotide sequencing. The sequence contains 2,789 by and encodes a protein of 532 amino acids with a molecular mass of 58,666 daltons. The S. pombe cells containing plasmid pSW20 showed much higher AP activity compared with the yeast cells with vector only This indicates that the cloned AP gene apparently encodes AP The predicted amino acid sequence of the S. pombe AP shares homology with those of other known APs.
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The Korea Cohort Consortium: The Future of Pooling Cohort Studies
Sang-Jun Lee,Kwang-Pil Ko,Jung Eun Lee,Inah Kim,Sun Ha Jee,Aesun Shin,Sun-Seog Kweon,Min-Ho Shin,Sangmin Park,Seungho Ryu,Sun Young Yang,Seung Ho Choi,Jeongseon Kim,Sang-Wook Yi,Daehee Kang,Keun-Young 대한예방의학회 2022 예방의학회지 Vol.55 No.5
Objectives: We introduced the cohort studies included in the Korean Cohort Consortium (KCC), focusing on large-scale cohort studies established in Korea with a prolonged follow-up period. Moreover, we also provided projections of the follow-up and estimates of the sample size that would be necessary for big-data analyses based on pooling established cohort studies, including population-based genomic studies. Methods: We mainly focused on the characteristics of individual cohort studies from the KCC. We developed “PROFAN”, a Shiny application for projecting the follow-up period to achieve a certain number of cases when pooling established cohort studies. As examples, we projected the follow-up periods for 5000 cases of gastric cancer, 2500 cases of prostate and breast cancer, and 500 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The sample sizes for sequencing-based analyses based on a 1:1 case-control study were also calculated. Results: The KCC consisted of 8 individual cohort studies, of which 3 were community-based and 5 were health screening-based cohorts. The population-based cohort studies were mainly organized by Korean government agencies and research institutes. The projected follow-up period was at least 10 years to achieve 5000 cases based on a cohort of 0.5 million participants. The mean of the minimum to maximum sample sizes for performing sequencing analyses was 5917-72 102. Conclusions: We propose an approach to establish a large-scale consortium based on the standardization and harmonization of existing cohort studies to obtain adequate statistical power with a sufficient sample size to analyze high-risk groups or rare cancer subtypes.
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Kang, Keon-Wook,Kim, Yoon-Gyoon,Kim, Choon-Won,Kim, Sang-Geon The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2002 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.25 No.5
Liver fibrosis is a prepathological state wherein damaged liver tissues in chronic liver diseases, such as hepatitis, are not repaired to normal tissues, but converted to fibrous tissue. 5-(2-Pyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (oltipraz), a cancer chemopreventive agent, is effective against a wide variety of chemical carcinogens. Recently, we reported that oltipraz inhibits liver fibrogenesis (Kang et al., 2002). In the present study, the effects of oltipraz in combination with dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDb) on dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver fibrogenesis were assessed in rats. Oltipraz (30 mg/kg body weight, po, 3 times per week for 4 weeks) was found to inhibit the increases in plasma ALT, AST and bilirubin by DMN, whereas DDB (30 mg/kg body weight, po, 3 times per week for 4 weeks) attenuated the increases in the plasma ALT and bilirubin. The lowered plasma protein and albumin contents in DMN-treated rats were completely restored by oltipraz, but not by DDB. DDB decreases liver cell injury and inflammation through inhibition of nuclear factor-kB. DMN increased the accumulation of liver collagen, as indicated by the increase in the 4-hydroxyproline content in liver homogenates, which was reduced by treatment with oltipraz, but not by DDB. Given the differential effect between oltipraz and DDB, the potential enhancement of antifibrotic efficacy by the drugs was assessed in the animal model. Despite the minimal effect of DDB on DMN-induced fibrogenesis, DDB (5-25 mg/kg), administered together with oltipraz (25-5 mg/kg), showed an additive protective effect against hepatotoxicity and fibrosis induced by DMN, which was shown by the blood chemistry parameters and histopathological analysis. The adequate composition ratio of oltipraz to DDB was 5:1. These results provide information on the pharmaceutical composition, comprising of oltipraz and DDB as the active components, for the treatment and/or prevention of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
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