다발성 골수종에서 저용량 thalidomide, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone (TCD) 요법의 효과

류충헌,정재현,고정해,장제혁,박영진,최규남,박봉수,이상민,주영돈 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Background and Objectives : The immunomodulatory drug thalidomide can inhibit angiogenesis and induce apoptosis in experimental models. It can also induce marked and durable response in newly diagnosed myeloma patients. Thalidomide has been used at doses ranging from 200 to 800 mg with significant toxicity. No data are available on the impact of low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone as initial therapy for myeloma patients. Design and Methods : To address this issue, newly diagnosed myeloma patients were treated with 50 mg/day thalidomide continuously and cyclophosphamide 150 mg/m², days 1-4 and dexamethasone 20 mg/m², days 1-5 and day 15-19, every month. Between October 2005 and October 2006, 14 patients (median age 54.5 years) were treated with low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. Results : After a minimum of two cycles of treatment, 5 patients (55.5%) showed a partial remission. After four cycles of treatment, 10 patients (83.3%) showed a partial remission (n=6) and complete remission (n=4). After a median follow-up of 15.4 months, 1 year overall survival rate was 82.0%. Thalidomide was well tolerated without serious toxic effects. Conclusions : The combination of low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone demonstrates favorable response rate and 1 year overall survival rate in newly diagnosed myeloma. Severe toxicities were not seen with this combination.

조경전산 데이터의 관리체계 구축을 위한 기초연구 : with ACAD DXF Data

류남형,윤인규 진주산업대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

As the result of analysis on practical design process, the use system of layers divided into map-management and data-management with consideration to map' types and characters of map's element. In principle, names of layer for map-management are made up of 4 letter. The inital letter of the name is the code of use, and the rest is the map's element. The layer' name for layer-management consist of 5 letter. The inital letter is the code of use, and the rest is the code of facilities and tree. The layers for a map-management are systematically named, after they are divided into temporary lines, basic facilities, symbols, and a case in data-management, landscape construction, facilities, plant. In the latter case, we use a system of layer name as calculating their quantity and standard with ACAD DXF and block files. Calculating process is 1) extracting a sub-layer with the initial letter of layer name 2) deciding on name and order of map element a basis on sub-layer one 3) calculating their quantity and standard with ACAD DXF system 4) line drawing on picked point.

赤潮原因種 및 毒性種에 관한 文獻的 調査 : Dinophyta(와편모조)를 중심으로

柳奎烈,文成基,李宗南,李元錫 慶星大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.11 No.3

양식 은어의 미포자충 감염예에 대한 병리조직학적 관찰

조병열,강형길,강효주,류갑민,이재영,박남규,허민도 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1

1998년 9월 말경, 경남 지역의 양식 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis)에서 미포자충증이 발생하였다. 채집 당시, 하루 약 200마리씩의 폐사가 10일째 진행되고 있었으며 약 10%의 누적폐사율을 나타내었다. 병어는 입올림을 하거나 기면 상태에 있었으며, 대부분 체색흑화 및 복부팽만 소견을 보이고 있었다. 아가미, 아가미 뚜껑, 각종 내장, 복강벽 및 생식소에 직경 1~3㎜의 흰색 결절이 다수 형성되어 있었다. 감염 어종, 기생충의 형태 및 xenoma 분포 장기의 다양성에 근거하여 Glugea plecoglossi에 의한 감염증으로 추정되었다. 병리조직학적 검사를 실시한 결과, 광범위한 장기에 걸쳐 xenoma를 형성하고 있었으나 xenoma 인접조직에 변성 변화는 없었다. 아가미 새변, 비장, 두신 및 체신의 조혈영역에 심한 울혈 소견이 인정되었고, 간장, 심근 및 신세뇨관 국소에는 응고 내지 액화괴사 소견이 확인되었다. 따라서, xenoma의 인접조직에 대한 물리화학적인 영향보다는 xenoma형성 장기 및 조직에 야기된 국소 순환장애가 은어의 폐사와 직접적인 관련을 갖는 것으로 사료되었다. On September in 1998, a microsporidian infection was recognized in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, farmed on Kyongnam province of South Korea. Cumulative mortality was around 10% in 10 days. Infected fish which were piping for air near the surface of the water or in the asphyxic, lethargic condition revealed darkening of body and abdominal distention. Numerous whitish nodules up to 3㎜ in size were observed throughout most of body organs and tissues including gill, operculum, peritoneal wall and organs. Xenomas were also histologically confirmed in multiple internal organs with the evidences suggesting circulatory disturbance. Based on the morphology of spore and xenoma, and the distribution of xenomas in organs and tissues, this disease was diagnosed to be a microsporidiosis caused by Glugea plecoglossi. The mortality might be deeply related to the local circulatory disturbance by xemonas rather than the mechano-chemical effect of xenomas on adjacent tissues.

Clinical effectiveness of wireless CROS (contralateral routing of offside signals) hearing aids.

Ryu, Nam-Gyu,Moon, Il Joon,Byun, Hayoung,Jin, Sun Hwa,Park, Heesung,Jang, Kyu-Sun,Cho, Yang-Sun Springer International 2015 European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology Vol.272 No.9

<P>This study evaluated the clinical effectiveness of wireless contralateral routing of offside signals hearing aids (CROS) in patients with severe to profound unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL). Twenty-one patients with USNHL were enrolled in this prospective study. The change of subjective satisfaction was evaluated using three questionnaires (K-HHIE, K-IOI-HA, K-SSQ). Changes in objective measurements were evaluated with sound localization test (SLT) and hearing in noise test (HINT). These tests were performed at pre-CROS fitting, 2 and 4?weeks after use of CROS. Subjects were grouped according to the age: young (<40?years) vs. old (40?years) group. The average K-HHIE and K-SSQ scores significantly improved with the use of CROS. SLT result revealed that hit rate and error degree improved in the young group and lateralization ability improved in both groups. In quiet environments, the reception threshold for speech also indicated a significant benefit in the young group. When the noise was presented to the normal ear, HINT revealed benefit of CROS, while loss of performance with CROS use was significant when noise was presented to the impaired ear. Wireless CROS provided increased satisfaction and overall improvement of localization and hearing. Although true binaural hearing cannot be obtained, CROS is a practical option for rehabilitation of USNHL.</P>

SDR 네트워크를 위한 스마트 안테나 시스템 API 및 스마트 안테나 기지국 오픈 아키텍처

류남규(Nam-Gyu Ryu),치승원(Seung-Won Choi) 한국통신학회 2008 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.33 No.4A

다양한 이동 통신을 수용 할 수용하기 위해서 SDR system의 하드웨어와 소프트웨어는 개방성, 분산성, 객체지향성, 소프트웨어 제어성을 제공하는 구조이어야 한다. 이러한 조건을 만족하는 SDR 시스템에 사용될 SDR시스템의 소프트웨어는 단일 하드웨어 플렛폼에서 독립적으로 동작이 가능한 개방성을 확보하는 것이다. 이 방법은 모듈화를 지향하며, 재사용성을 증대시키고, 개발 시에도 많은 유연성을 확보 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 개발 시간을 단축시켜 주고 시스템을 재구성하여 운용 할 수 있도록 해 준다. 본 논문은 SDR기반 스마트안테나 기지국 시스템에서 SDR Network이 추구하는 개방형, 객체지향성 및 제어성등을 확보 할 수 있도록 하고 SDR Network와 유연하게 연동 할 수 있도록 제안된 개방형 기지국 시스템과 스마트 안테나 기지국 API(Application Program Interface)를 이용하여 기지국 시스템을 구현하였다. The SDR(Software Defined Radio) system for hardware and software must be an open structure to various system standards. It should also provide a capability of distributed processing, object-orientedness, and software controllability. It implies that the software to be used in the SDR system should provide the openness such that it can operate independently of a given hardware platform. In order to achieve these goals, the SDR system tends to modularization for increasing hardware reuse and design flexibility, which provides the system reconfigurability. In this paper, we implemented a base station with proposed an open architecture of a Smart Antenna Base Station(SABS) and Smart Antenna APIs[10] operating in SDR network in such a way that the architecture itself is suitable for the entire system to maintain the openness, object-orientedness, and software controllability.

산전초음파에 이상소견을 동반한 Edward 증후군 4례

조남규 ( Nam Gyu Cho ),권경익 ( Kyung Ik Kwon ),남동호 ( Dong Ho Nam ),임춘근 ( Chun Gun Lim ),류호충 ( Ho Chung Ryu ),김종인 ( Jong In Kim ),김택훈 ( Taek Hoon Kim ) 대한주산의학회 1993 Perinatology Vol.4 No.4

Effect of Low Frequency Cerebellar Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Balance Impairment in Patients With Cerebral Infarction

Nam-Gyu Im,Kyung-Rok Oh,Min-gil Kim,Young Lee,Na-Na Lim,Tae-Hwan Cho,Su-Ra Ryu,Seo-Ra Yoon 대한재활의학회 2022 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.46 No.6

Objective To investigate the effect of low frequency cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on balance impairment in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods Thirty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups: rTMS group (n=16) and control (n=16). In the rTMS group, treatment was performed five times per week for 2 weeks (10 sessions), and in the control group, a sham coil was used with the sound and sensation of scalp similar to the rTMS coil. Patients in both groups underwent a conventional rehabilitation program. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used as the primary outcome measurement. Timed Up and Go test (TUG), 10-m walk test (10mWT), and Activity-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC) were used as the secondary outcome measurement. All scales were measured at baseline (T0), after 10 sessions of rTMS (T1), and at 4 weeks after treatment completion (T2) by therapists with over 5 years of clinical experience.Results There were significant improvements between T0 and T1, and between T0 and T2, for all assessed items in the rTMS group. Whereas there were significant improvements between T0 and T1, and between T0 and T2, for the BBS and 10mWT in the control group. TUG (-4.87±5.05 vs. -0.50±2.97 seconds) and ABC score (8.10±8.33 vs. 0.16±0.97) were observed significant differences in comparison of the changes from T0 to T1 between the two group. BBS score (4.40±3.66 vs. 1.88±3.14), TUG (-4.87±4.56 vs. -0.62±2.96 seconds) and ABC score (8.22±7.70 vs. -0.09±0.86) differed significantly from T0 to T2 between the two groups.Conclusion Our findings suggest that low-frequency cerebellar rTMS is helpful for improving balance in patients with cerebral infarction, and maybe a beneficial treatment for these patients.

Simultaneous Enhancement of Solar Cell Efficiency and Photostability via Chemical Tuning of Electron Donating Units in Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Push–Pull Type Polymers

Ryu, Tae In,Yoon, Youngwoon,Kim, Ji-Hoon,Hwang, Do-Hoon,Ko, Min Jae,Lee, Doh-Kwon,Kim, Jin Young,Kim, Honggon,Park, Nam-Gyu,Kim, BongSoo,Son, Hae Jung American Chemical Society 2014 Macromolecules Vol.47 No.18

<P>We synthesized a series of push–pull-type copolymers by copolymerizing an electron-deficient diketopyrrolopyrrole with three electron-donating benzodithiophene (BDT) moieties. PDPPDTT, which incorporated a dithienothiophene (DTT), showed a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.11% compared to 3.31% for the BDT-based polymer (PDPPBDT). PDPPDTBDT, which incorporated a dithienobenzodithiophene (DTBDT), also exhibited superior performance, with a PCE of 4.75% although this value was lower than that obtained for PDPPDTT. The presence of the DTT unit in the polymer backbone lowered the energy bandgap of the polymer and induced an optimal morphology in the polymer:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM blend film, resulting in higher charge carrier generation. Furthermore, the effectively delocalized frontier orbitals of PDPPDTT enhanced intermolecular interactions between the polymer chains by favoring effective π–π stacking, which facilitated charge carrier transport. By contrast, PDPPDTBDT unexpectedly showed a low-crystallinity thin film despite its backbone planarity, which reduced the performance relative to that of PDPPDTT. Importantly, PDPPDTT exhibited significantly better device stability compared to the other polymers in a light soaking test due to the much higher photochemical stability of PDPPDTT. We demonstrated a systematic approach to simultaneously increasing the photovoltaic performances and device stability, and we explored the basis for the structure–property relationship that accompanied such improvements.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2014/mamobx.2014.47.issue-18/ma501300a/production/images/medium/ma-2014-01300a_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma501300a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Suppression of lysyl-tRNA synthetase, KRS, causes incomplete epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ineffective cell-extracellular matrix adhesion for migration

NAM, SEO HEE,KANG, MINKYUNG,RYU, JIHYE,KIM, HYE-JIN,KIM, DOYEUN,KIM, DAE GYU,KWON, NAM HOON,KIM, SUNGHOON,LEE, JUNG WEON Spandidos Publications 2016 International journal of oncology Vol.48 No.4

<P>The cell-adhesion properties of cancer cells can be targeted to block cancer metastasis. Although cytosolic lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) functions in protein synthesis, KRS on the plasma membrane is involved in cancer metastasis. We hypothesized that KRS is involved in cell adhesion-related signal transduction for cellular migration. To test this hypothesis, colon cancer cells with modulated KRS protein levels were analyzed for cell-cell contact and cell-substrate adhesion properties and cellular behavior. Although KRS suppression decreased expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules, cells still formed colonies without being scattered, supporting an incomplete epithelial mesenchymal transition. Noteworthy, KRS-suppressed cells still exhibited focal adhesions on laminin, with Tyr397-phopshorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), but they lacked laminin-adhesion-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and paxillin activation. KRS, p67LR and integrin alpha 6 beta 1 were found to interact, presumably to activate ERK for paxillin expression and Tyr118 phosphorylation even without involvement of FAK, so that specific inhibition of ERK or KRS in parental HCT116 cells blocked cell-cell adhesion and cell-substrate properties for focal adhesion formation and signaling activity. Together, these results indicate that KRS can promote cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion for migration.</P>