不良觀光慰樂地區 整備方針에 關한 硏究

柳南馨 진주산업대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The results a study on the criteria about replanning of inferior leisure and recreation area is as follows. First, the character of leisure and recreation area should be mediated by the character of commuinity and resources. The size of recreation facility should be determined the number of user which is presumed by the relation between replanning area and adjacent leisure and recreation area. Second, the subject and method on the developement or management for the leisure and recreation area is determened under the protection of the existing investor For the commercialism and public service of leisure and recreation enterprise, the third sector­ajoint of public and private sector­should be estabilished. Third, environmental regulation should be performed by the committee of consideration The contents of environmental regulation should be comprise the regulation on the landuse, architecture, outdoor facility and public facility. Environmental regulation should be performed by the means­offer of special benefits. Fourth, for the maintenance of highservice level of the facility, continuous invest to the enlargement and creation of facility which satisfies the need of new recreation should be performed. Fifth, management should be performed by the nonprofit coorporation or private enterprise, maintenance should be performed by the public organization.

그늘시렁 Wisteria floribunda의 엽면적지수가 온열환경에 미치는 영향

류남형,이춘석 한국조경학회 2017 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.45 No.6

This study was to investigate the user’s thermal environments under the pergola(L 7,200×W 4,200×H 2,700mn) covered with Wisteria floribunda(Willd.) DC. according to the variation of leaf area index(LAI). We carried out detailed measurements with two human-biometeorological stations on a popular square Jinju, Korea(N35°10'59.8", E 128°05'32.0", elevation: 38m). One of the stations stood under a pergola, while the other in the sun. The measurement spots were instrumented with microclimate monitoring stations to continuously measure air temperature and relative humidity, wind speed, shortwave and longwave radiation from the six cardinal directions at the height of 0.6m so as to calculate the Universal Thermal Climate Index(UTCI) from 9th April to 27th September 2017. The LAI was measured using the LAI-2200C Plant Canopy Analyzer. The analysis results of 18 day’s 1 minute term human-biometeorological data absorbed by a man in sitting position from 10am to 4pm showed the following. During the whole observation period, daily average air temperatures under the pergola were respectively 0.7~2.3℃ lower compared with those in the sun, daily average wind speed and relative humidity under the pergola were respectively 0.17~0.38m/s and 0.4~3.1% higher compared with those in the sun. There was significant relationship in LAI, Julian day number and were expressed in the equation . The average Tmrt under the pergola were 11.9~25.4℃ lower and maximum △Tmrt under the pergola were 24.1~30.2℃ when compared with those in the sun. There was significant relationship in LAI, reduction ratio(%) of daily average Tmrt compared with those in the sun and was expressed in the equation . The average UTCI under the pergola were 4.1~8.3℃ lower and maximum △UTCI under the pergola were 7.8~10.2℃ when compared with those in the sun. There was significant relationship in LAI, reduction ratio(%) of daily average UTCI compared with those in the sun and were expressed in the equation . The shading by the pergola covered with vines was very effective for reducing daytime UTCI absorbed by a man in sitting position at summer largely through a reduction in mean radiant temperature from sun protection, lowering thermal stress from very strong(UTCI>38℃) and strong(UTCI>32℃) down to strong(UTCI>32℃) and moderate(UTCI>26℃). Therefore the pergola covered with vines used for shading outdoor spaces is essential to mitigate heat stress and can create better human thermal comfort especially in cities during summer. But the thermal environments under the pergola covered with vines during the heat wave supposed to user “very strong heat stress(UTCI>38℃)”. Therefore users must restrain themselves from outdoor activities during the heat waves. 본 연구는 등(Wisteria floribunda(Willd.) DC.)으로 피복된 그늘시렁(L 7,200×W 4,200×H 2,700mn)의 엽면적지수(LAI) 의 변동에 따른 온열환경을 규명하고자 한 것이다. 이를 위해 진주시내 광장(N35°10'59.8", E128°05'32.0", 표고: 38m)의 등 으로 피복된 그늘시렁 하부와 햇빛에 노출된 포장지를 대상으로 맑은 날 미기상을 측정하였다. 범용온열기후지수(UTCI)를 산정하기 위해 봄철과 여름철의 미기상환경으로서 지상 60cm 높이에서 기온, 풍속, 상대습도 그리고 6방향의 장파 및 단파 복사를 2017년 4월 9일부터 8월 27일까지 측정하였다. 또한, LAI는 LAI-2200C 수관분석기로 측정하였다. 18일간 오전 10시부터 오후 4시까지의 앉은 자세의 인체가 흡수한 매 1분 간격 인체-생기상학적 자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 측정기간 동안 햇빛노출지에 비해 그늘시렁 하부의 일평균 기온은 0.7~2.3℃ 낮았으며, 일평균 풍속과 일평균 상대습도는 각각 0.17~0.38m/s와 0.4~3.1% 높았다. LAI와 쥴리안 데이 사이의 회귀식은 였다. 그늘시렁 하부의 일평균 평균복사온도(Tmrt) 값은 햇빛 노출지에 비해 각각 11.9~25.5℃로 낮았으며, 최대 평균복사온도 감소(△Tmrt)는 24.1~30.2℃였다. LAI의 변동에 따른 햇빛 노출지 대비 일평균 Tmrt 감소율(%) 사이의 회귀식은 였다. 그늘시렁 하부의 일평균 UTCI 값은 햇빛 노출지에 비해 각각 4.1~8.3℃로 낮았으며, 최대 범용온열기후지수 감소 값(△UTCI)는 7.8~10.2℃였다. LAI 의 변동에 따른 햇빛 노출지 대비 일평균 UTCI 감소율(%) 사이의 회귀식은 였다. 종합적으로 보면 여름철에 덩굴식물로 피복된 그늘시렁에 의한 녹음은 차양에 의한 Tmrt의 감소를 통해 낮 동안 UTCI를 감소시킴으로써 열스트레스를 매우 강한(UTCI>38℃) 또는 강한(UTCI>32℃) 단계에서 강한(UTCI>32℃) 또는 보통(UTCI>26℃) 단계로 낮추어 준다. 따라서 여름철 열스트레스를 완화하고 쾌적한 인체 온열쾌적성을 제공하기 위해서는 덩굴식물로 피복된 그늘시렁의 도입은 필수적이다. 하지만 폭염 시에는 덩굴식물로 피복된 그늘시렁 하부의 온열환경도 이용자들에게 매우 강한 열 스트레스(UTCI>38℃)를 주므로 노약자의 옥외활동은 자제시킬 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

투수성 포장재의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 합성섬유 보강 투수콘크리트를 중심으로 Based on the Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Permeable Concrete

류남형,강호철 진주산업대학교 건설기술연구소 1998 건설기술연구소보 Vol.1 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 합성섬유보강 특수 콘크리트를 중심으로 본 특수성 포장재의 물리적 특성을 파악하는데 있다. 결과는 아래와 같다. 1) 공시체의 단위중량은 1,972∼2,020㎏/㎥였다. 38mmPP FRPC의 단위중량이 PC, 12㎜PP FRPC의 단위중량보다 높았다. 이는 시멘트와 골재간의 높은 응집력 때문일 것이다. 2) 공시체의 특수계수는 4.42∼5.31×10 exp (-1)㎝/sec였다. PP FRPC의 특수계수는 PC의 특수계수보다 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 이는 공극이 감소했기 때문일 것이다. 3) 재령 28일 압축강도는 104.0∼132.5㎏/㎠였다. 압축강도와 섬유의 길이 사이에는 유의성이 없었다. 이는 공시체 수가 적었기 때문일 것이다. 4) 재령 28일 인장강도는 12.3∼16.3㎏/㎠였다. 인장강도와 섬유의 길이 사이에는 유의성이 없었다. 이는 공시체 수가 적었기 때문일 것이다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical characteristics of permea ble pavement based on the synthetic fiber reinforced permeable concrete. The results are as follows. 1) The unit weight of specimens are 1,972∼2,020㎏/㎥. The unit weight of 38㎜PP FRPC is higher than that of PC, 12㎜PP FRPC. There may be higher cohesion between cements and aggegates. 2) The coefficient of permeability of specimens are 4.42∼5.31×10 exp (-1)㎝/sec. The coefficient of permeability of PP FRPC lower than that of PC. There may be void decrease. 3) the 28 day,s compression strength of specimens are 104.0∼132.5㎏/㎠. There is no significance between the length of synthetic fiber and compression strength. There may be specimen's number problem. 4) The 28 day's tension strength of specimens are 12.3∼16.3㎏/㎠. There is no significance between the length of synthetic fiber and compression strength. There may be specimen's number problem.

캠퍼스內의 步行空間에 對한 視角的 選好度에 關한 硏究 : 寫眞評價를 中心으로 Based on the Evaluation of Photograph Experiment

柳南馨 진주산업대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

本 硏究는 캠퍼스內 步行空間에 對한 視覺的 選好度를 밝혀내기 위해 晋州市內 5個 캠퍼스를 對象으로 하여, 50枚의 天然色 寫眞을 攝影하고 各 寫眞에 대해 選好點數와 10個의 變數에 대한 空間占有變數를 測定하고 이들 間의 關係를 밝힌 것이다. 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1) 步行空間에 對한 視覺的 選好度는 物理的 構成要素의 空間占有量에 따라 다르게 나타났다 2) 4個의 主要變數와 選好點數와의 關係를 重線型回歸式으로 정리하면 다음과 같다. Y=141.5512-0.0237X_2+0.024X_2-0.0379X_3-0.3964X_4 (R^2:0.432) Y : 選好豫測値 X_1 : 平面에서의 裸地面積 X_2 : 立面에서의 植生面積 X_3 : 背景에서의 植生面積 X_4 : 背景에서의 Skyline 길이 3) 主要變數 各各이 選好點數와의 相關關係가 높은 順으로 보면 「立面에서의 植生面積」. 「背景에서의 植生面積」, 「背景에서의 Skyline길이」「平面에서의 裸地面積」으로 나타났다. This study is purposed to investgate the role of physical factor on the visual preference to the pedestrian space in campus. Total 50 colour prints were photographed at 5 different campuses, and 10 landscape variable were measured and preference scores were taken by colour print evaluations. The results were as follows. 1) The visual preference to the pedestrian space in campus was changed with each variable quantity. 2) With major 4 variables, multilinear regression model was estabilished, hence Y=141.5512-0.0237X_1+0.0242X_2-0.0379X_3-0.3964X_4 (R=0.432) Y : estimated preference score X_1 : area ratio of earth zone in base plane X_2 : area ratio of vegetation zone in vertical plane X_3 : area ratio of vegetation zone in background X_4 : the length of skyline in background 3) The precedence of correlation was vegetation zone in vertical plane, vegetation zone in background, skyline in background, earth zone in base plane.

동-서 가로에서 차양이 보행자의 열적 쾌적성에 미치는 영향

류남형,이춘석 한국조경학회 2018 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.46 No.6

This study was to investigate the pedestrian’s thermal environments in the North Sidewalk of E-W Street during summerheatwave. We carried out detailed measurements with four human-biometeorological stations on Dongjin Street, Jinju,Korea (N35°10.73~10.75', E128°55.90~58.00', elevation: 50m). Two of the stations stood under one row street tree andhedge(One-Tree), two row street tree and hedge (Two-Tree), one of the stations stood under shelter and awning(Shelter),while the other in the sun (Sunlit). The measurement spots were instrumented with microclimate monitoring stations tocontinuously measure microclimate, radiation from the six cardinal directions at the height of 1.1m so as to calculate theUniversal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) from 24th July to 21th August 2018. The radiant temperature of sidewalk’s elementswere measured by the reflective sphere and thermal camera at 29th July 2018. The analysis results of 9 day’s 1 minuteterm human-biometeorological data absorbed by a man in standing position from 10am to 4pm, and 1 day’s radiant temperatureof sidewalk elements from 1:16pm to 1:35pm, showed the following. The shading of street tree and shelter were mitigated heat stress by the lowered UTCI at mid and late summer’s daytime,One-Tree and Two-Tree lowered respectively 0.4∼0.5 level, 0.5∼0.8 level of the heat stress, Shelter lowered respectively0.3∼1.0 level of the heat stress compared with those in the Sunlit. But the thermal environments in the One-Tree, Two-Treeand Shelter during the heat wave supposed to user “very strong heat stress” while those in the Sunlit supposed to user“very strong heat stres” and “exterme heat stress”. The main heat load temperature compared with body temperature (37℃) were respectively 7.4℃~21.4℃ (pavement),14.7℃~15.8℃ (road), 12.7℃ (shelter canopy), 7.0℃ (street funiture), 3.5℃~6.4℃ (building facade). The main heat loadpercentage were respectively 34.9%~81.0% (pavement), 9.6%~25.2% (road), 24.8% (shelter canopy), 14.1%~15.4% (buildingfacade), 5.7% (street facility). Reducing the radiant temperature of the pavement, road, building surfaces by shading is the most effective meansto achieve outdoor thermal comfort for pedestrians in sidewalk. Therefore, increasing the projected canopy area and LAIof street tree through the minimal training and pruning, building dense roadside hedge are essential for pedestrians thermalcomfort. In addition, thermal liner, high reflective materials, greening etc. should be introduced for reducing the surfacetemperature of shelter and awning canopy. Also, retro-reflective materials of building facade should be introduced for the control of reflective sun radiation. More aggressively pavement watering should be introduced for reducing the surfacetemperature of sidewalk’s pavement. 본 연구는 폭염 시 동-서향 가로의 북측 보도(N35°10.73-10.75', E128°55.90-58.00', 표고: 50m)에서 기상측정장비, 순복사계, 반사구와 열화상카메라를 이용한 실측을 통해 가로수와 쉘터에 의한 차양이 인체가 체감하는 열환경에 주는 영향을MRT, L-MRT, UTCI, 바닥면, 벽면, 천개면의 구성요소별 방사온도로 평가하였다. 이를 위해 1열 및 2열 가로수와 생울타리,쉘터와 어-닝, 햇빛 노출지에 대한 열환경을 측정하였다. 9일간 오전 10시부터 오후 4시까지의 선 자세의 인체가 흡수한매 1분 간격 인체-생기상학적 자료 그리고 1일간 오후 1시 16분부터 35분까지 보도 구성요소의 방사온도를 분석한 결과는다음과 같다. 가로수와 쉘터에 의한 차양은 여름철 낮 동안 UTCI를 감소시킴으로써 열스트레스를 완화하였는데, 햇빛 노출지에비해 1열 가로수와 생울타리는 0.4단계~0.5단계, 2열 가로수와 생울타리는 0.5단계~0.8단계, 쉘터와 어-닝은 0.3단계~1.0단계로 낮추어 주었다. 하지만 폭염 시에는 가로수와 쉘터 하부의 열환경도 이용자들에게 대부분의 시간대에 “매우 강한열스트레스”를 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 햇빛에 노출된 보도 상의 열환경은 “매우 강한 열스트레스” 또는 “극심한열스트레스”를 주는 것으로 나타났다. 체온 37℃를 기준으로 한 보도 구성요소의 열스트레스 부하온도는 포장면 7.4℃~21.4℃, 도로면 14.7℃~15.8℃, 쉘터의캐노피 12.7℃, 어-닝 8.6℃, 가로시설물 7.0℃, 건물벽면 3.5℃~6.4℃ 순으로 나타났다. 열스트레스 부하율은 포장면 34.9%~81.0%, 도로면 9.6%~25.2%, 쉘터의 캐노피 24.8%, 건물벽면 14.1%~15.4%, 어-닝 7.0%, 가로시설물 5.7% 순으로 나타났다. 보도에서 보행자의 열적 쾌적성을 개선하기 위해서는 차양을 통해 포장면 및 도로면 그리고 건물벽면의 방사온도를낮추는 것이 가장 효율적이며, 이를 위해서는 최소한의 정지와 전정을 통해 가로수의 수관투영면적과 LAI를 높여야하며, 도로변에 지엽이 치밀한 생울타리를 조성하는 것은 필수적이다. 그리고 쉘터나 어-닝의 표면온도를 낮추기 위해서서멀 라이너, 고반사 재료, 식생 녹화 등의 대책을 강구할 필요가 있다. 아울러 건물벽면에 재귀반사 재료를 사용함으로써반사광을 제어하여야 하며, 적극적으로는 보도 포장 표면온도를 낮추기 위해 보도 포장면에 물을 뿌리는 것이 효율적이다.

景觀의 言語構造的 解釋에 關한 硏究 : 晉州城址를 事例로 The Case Study of Jinju-Sung

柳南馨 진주산업대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This papers intends to examine the non­positivistic interpretation of landscape structure through applying the method of linguistic structure. The result of lancscape interpretation in the case study of Jinju­sung area showes as followes. Jinju­sung area plan can be a syntagme consistes of three morphemes; plans(compartments), points(centers), paths(direction). These three components demonstrate the common rules of the plan; that is langue. Als three sets of private opposition can be discerned; compartment and noncompartment, centrality and periphery, direction and directionlessness. And three morphemes include meaning. It is also proved that semiological methodlogies are appropiate for the estabilishing concept of throwing a man's worth on space. But it is difficult to making environmental design criteria, at that is abstract and static. Therefore the linguistic interpretation of land scape structure must be run parellel to the positivistic interpretation in working out environmental design problem.

조경전산 데이터의 관리체계 구축을 위한 기초연구 : with ACAD DXF Data

류남형,윤인규 진주산업대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

As the result of analysis on practical design process, the use system of layers divided into map-management and data-management with consideration to map' types and characters of map's element. In principle, names of layer for map-management are made up of 4 letter. The inital letter of the name is the code of use, and the rest is the map's element. The layer' name for layer-management consist of 5 letter. The inital letter is the code of use, and the rest is the code of facilities and tree. The layers for a map-management are systematically named, after they are divided into temporary lines, basic facilities, symbols, and a case in data-management, landscape construction, facilities, plant. In the latter case, we use a system of layer name as calculating their quantity and standard with ACAD DXF and block files. Calculating process is 1) extracting a sub-layer with the initial letter of layer name 2) deciding on name and order of map element a basis on sub-layer one 3) calculating their quantity and standard with ACAD DXF system 4) line drawing on picked point.

화강토 포장의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구

류남형 진주산업대학교 1998 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.5

본 연구의 목적은 입도조정된 화강토에 골재 및 시멘트의 배합비에 따른 화강토포장의 물리적 특성을 파악하여, 투수성과 안정성을 갖춘 화강토포장을 위한 기초자료를 얻는데 있다. 연구결과는 아래와 같다. 1)기층의 권장압축강도 30㎏/㎠은 시멘트혼합비 7.5%이상, 골재혼합비 20%이상인 공시체에서는 충족되었다. 2)시멘트혼합비 12.5%이상, 골재혼합비 40%이상인 공시체의 압축강도는 KAF공법의 7일양생압축강도 100㎏/㎠보다 높은 107㎏/㎠였다. 3)골재혼합비가 20%이상인 공시체의 투수계수는 1 x 10^-2㎝/sec이상이었다. 4)시멘트 혼합비가 높아질수록 투수성은 나빠졌으며, 골재혼합비가 40%인 공시체의 투수성은 매우 좋았다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical characteristics of pavement of dicomposed granite soils according to the ratio of aggregate & cement. The results are as follows. 1)The confined compression strength of specimens, whose cement ratio is over 7.7%, aggregate ratio is over 20%, are over 30㎏/㎠ which is recommendation compression strength of base course. 2)The confined compression strength of specimens, whose cement ratio is over 12.5%, aggregate ratio is over 40%, are over 100㎏/㎠ which is 7 day`s compression strength of KAF method. 3)The coefficient of permeability of specimens, whose aggregate ratio is over 20%, are over 1 × 10^-2㎝/sec which is minimum permeability coefficient of permeable pavement. 4)The higher the ratio of cement is, the lower the coefficient of permeability is. And the permeability of speciemes whose aggregate ratio is over 40% very good.

폭염 시 어린이공원의 온열환경

류남형,이춘석,Ryu, Nam-Hyong,Lee, Chun-Seok 한국조경학회 2016 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.44 No.6

This study was to investigate the user's thermal environments of the children's parks according to pavements and sunscreen types during periods of heat waves. The measurements were conducted at the sand pits, rubber chip pavement, shelters, and green shade ground of the two children's parks located in Jinju, Korea(Chilam: $N\;35^{\circ}11^{\prime}1.4{^{\prime}^{\prim}}$, $E\;128^{\circ}5^{\prime}31.7{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, elevation 38m, Gaho: $N\;35^{\circ}09^{\prime}56.8{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, $E\;128^{\circ}6^{\prime}41.1{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, elevation 24m) over three days during 11-13, August, 2016. The highest ambient air temperatures at the Jinju Meteorological Office during the three measurement days were $35.9{\sim}36.8^{\circ}C$, which corresponded with the extremely hot weather. A series of experiments measured air temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, black globe temperature, and long-wave and short-wave radiation of the six directions 0.6 m above ground level. The wet bulb globe temperature(WBGT) and the universal thermal climatic index(UTCI) were used to evaluate thermal stress. Surface temperature images of the play equipment were also taken using infrared thermography. Surface temperatures of the play equipment and grounds were used to evaluate burn risk through contact with playground materials. The results showed the following. The maximum air temperatures averaged over 1-hour period for three days were $36.6{\sim}39.4^{\circ}C$. The sun shades reduced those temperatures by up to $2.8^{\circ}C$(green shade) and $1.0^{\circ}C/2.3^{\circ}C$(shelters). The minimum relative humidity values averaged over 1-hour period for three days were 44~50%. The sun shades increased those humidity values by up to 6%(green shade) and 4%/6%(shelters). The risk of heat related illness at the measurement sites of the children's parks were extreme and high in the daytime hours. The maximum WBGT values averaged over a 30-minute period for three days were $31.2{\sim}33.6^{\circ}C$. The sun shades reduced those WBGT values by up to $2.4^{\circ}C$(green shade) and $0.5^{\circ}C/2.1^{\circ}C$(shelters) compared to sandpits, but would not block the risk of heat related illness in the daytime hours. The category of heat stress at the measurement sites of the children's parks were extreme and very strong in the daytime hours. The maximum UTCI values averaged over a 30-minute period for three days were $39.9{\sim}48.1^{\circ}C$. The sun shades reduced those UTCI values by up to $7.8^{\circ}C$(green shade) and $4.1^{\circ}C/8.2^{\circ}C$(shelters) compared to sandpits, but could not lower heat stress category from extreme and very strong to strong and moderate in the daytime hours. According to the burn threshold criteria when skin was in contact with playground materials, the maximum surface temperature of the stainless steels($70.8^{\circ}C$) surpassed three seconds $60^{\circ}C$ threshold for uncoated steel, that of the rubber chip($76.5^{\circ}C$) surpassed five seconds $74^{\circ}C$ threshold for the plastic, that of the plastic slide($68.5^{\circ}C$) and seats($71.0^{\circ}C$) surpassed the one min $60^{\circ}C$ threshold for plastic, respectively. The surface temperatures of shaded play equipment were lower approximately $20^{\circ}C$ than those of play equipment exposed to the sun. Therefore, sun shades can block the risk of burns in daytime hours. Because of the extreme and high risk of heat related illness and extreme and high heat stress at the children's parks during periods of heat waves, parents and administrators must protect children from the use of playgrounds. The risk of burn when contact with play equipments and grounds at the children's parks during periods of heat waves, was 본 연구는 폭염 시 어린이공원 내 포장 및 차양의 유형에 따른 온열환경을 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 진주기상대에서 측정한 일 최고기온이 $35.9{\sim}36.8^{\circ}C$를 나타낸 2016년 8월 11일부터 8월 13일까지 3일간 진주시내 어린이공원 2곳(칠암어린이공원: $N\;35^{\circ}11^{\prime}1.4{^{\prime}^{\prim}}$, $E\;128^{\circ}531.7{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, 표고: 38m; 가호제12어린이공원: $N\;35^{\circ}09^{\prime}56.8{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, $E\;128^{\circ}6^{\prime}41.1{^{\prime}^{\prime}}$, 표고: 24m)의 모래밭, 고무칩포장지, 쉘터, 녹음지를 대상으로 미기상을 측정하였다. 미기상환경으로서 지상 60cm 높이에서 기온, 흑구온도, 상대습도, 풍속, 6방향의 장파 및 단파 복사를 측정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 열스트레스 지수인 WBGT와 UTCI를 산정 및 분석하였다. 또한 열화상카메라로 포장면과 놀이시설의 표면온도를 측정하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 단시간 피부접촉시 화상의 위험을 평가하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 어린이공원의 3일 시간 평균 최고 기온은 $36.6{\sim}39.4^{\circ}C$였으며, 모래밭에 비해 녹음에서 $2.8^{\circ}C$, 쉘터에서 $1.0^{\circ}C$ 및 $2.3^{\circ}C$ 낮게 나타났다. 시간 평균 최저 습도는 44~50%였으며, 모래밭이나 고무칩포장지에 비해 녹음에서 6%, 쉘터에서 4% 및 6% 높게 나타났다. 열사병위험지수 WBGT 값에 근거하면 폭염 시 어린이공원의 주간의 열사병 위험도는 높은 또는 극심한 정도로 나타났다. 3일 30분 평균 최고 WBGT 값은 $31.2{\sim}33.6^{\circ}C$였으며, 모래밭에 비해 녹음에서 $2.8^{\circ}C$, 쉘터에서 $2.3^{\circ}C$ 및 $1.0^{\circ}C$ 낮게 나타났으나, 차양에 의해서도 열사병 위험을 피할 수는 없었다. 체감더위지수 UTCI 값에 근거하면 폭염 시 어린이공원의 주간의 온열 스트레스의 범주는 매우 강한 또는 극심한 정도로 나타났다. 3일 30분 평균 최고 UTCI 값은 $39.9{\sim}48.1^{\circ}C$였으며, 모래밭에 비해 녹음에서 $7.8^{\circ}C$, 쉘터에서 $8.2^{\circ}C$ 및 $4.1^{\circ}C$ 낮게 나타났으나, 차양에 의해서도 극심한 또는 매우 강한 온열 스트레스를 강한 또는 적정한 온열 스트레스로 낮출 수는 없었다. 단시간 피부접촉에 의한 화상 온도 기준에 따르면, 놀이시설 및 포장면의 최고 표면온도가 스텐레스 스틸($70.8^{\circ}C$)은 무도장 철재 3초 $60^{\circ}C$, 고무칩포장($76.5^{\circ}C$)은 플라스틱 5초 $74^{\circ}C$, 청색 플라스틱 미끄럼판($68.5^{\circ}C$)과 앉음판($71.0^{\circ}C$)은 플라스틱 1분 $60^{\circ}C$ 기준을 초과한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 그늘이 진 놀이시설의 표면온도는 햇빛에 노출된 놀이시설의 표면온도에 비해 $20^{\circ}C$ 내외로 낮게 나타나, 차양에 의해 화상의 위험을 현저하게 개선할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 폭염 시에는 어린이공원의 온열환경은 어린이들에게 높거나 극심한 열사병 위험에 빠지게 하고, 매우 강한 또는 극심한 온열 스트레스를 주기 때문에 보호자나 관리자가 어린이들의 어린이공원 이용을 제한해야 한다. 그리고 폭염시에는 어린이공원의 포장면 또는 놀이시설에 의한 화상의 위험이 매우 높으므로 이용 시 주의를 해야 하며, 화상의 예방을 위해서는 차양시설을 적극적으로 도입해야 한다.

連續景觀의 記號化에 관한 硏究 : 飢存事例를 中心으로 Based on the Preceding Studies

柳南馨,具泰益 진주산업대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

This study is purposed to arrange the notation techniques of sequential landscapes and to try the applicability of them. First, this study is to arrange the characteristics, the fortes and foibles of existing techniques based on the review of preceding studies. Later, the following studies will be carried out to verify the applicability of notation techniques based on the analysis and design proposal of real landscape. The review of preceding studies tells us that 1) the preceding studies should be rearranged by similar sites with the view of landscape manipulation, 2) the notation techniques should be recognized not as a solvent, but as a supplement of design communication problems, 3) the notation of landscapes should be purposed on the application of landscape planning and design, not on the analysis of landscapes themselves, 4) the notation of landscapes should be based not only the static images of physical landscapes but also on the holistic experiences of the observers.