루쉰, 춘원과 일본 근대초기의 사소설

취안허뤼(Quan He Lu) 가천대학교 아시아문화연구소 2011 아시아문화연구 Vol.22 No.-

춘원과 루쉰의 문학은 각각 한ㆍ중 현대문학의 출발점으로서 두 나라의 ‘영향없는 유사성’의 전형적인 사례가 된다. 따라서 루쉰과 춘원 문학의 동질성과 이질성을 규명하는 작업은 두 나라의 현대문학, 특히 두 나라의 현대문학 초기의 내재적인 본질을 밝히는 데에 일정한 참조적인 의의가 있다. 아울러 이는 또한 두 나라의 현대문학이 점차 과거의 ‘영향관계’에서 벗어나서 ‘독립적인 체계’를 갖춘 문학사적 궤적의 고찰에도 일정한 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. 전술한 연구목적에 도달하기 위하여 본고는 루쉰과 춘원의 일본유학경력이 그들의 창작에 미친 영향에 초점을 맞추고자 했다. 우선 그들은 모두 일본유학기간에 문예의 길을 선택했다는 점이 중요한 단서가 된다. 민감한 감수성을 가진 청년시대에 당시 일본에서 흥행하던 문학적 경향 또는 사조에 어떠한 반응을 보였을까? 이러한 경력이 어떻게 그들의 문학적 실천에 구체적으로 반영되고 있는가를 살펴보는 것이 본고의 주된 작업이다. 구체적인 비교 작업과정에서 루쉰에 대해 춘원이 폄하되는 결론 도출을 경계했다. 본고는 루쉰과 춘원이 일본에서 문학적 경력을 시작했기에 공동의 ‘영향원’을 가진다는 점을 상정하고 구체적으로 일본 사소설의 요소들을 어떻게 자신의 창작에 적용했던가 하는 점에 대한 비교작업을 전개했다. 결과 그들이 자율적으로 사소설의 소극적인 요소를 배제하고 적극적인 요소를 수용했다는 결론에 이르게 되었다. The literature works of Lu Xun and Chun Yuan are the beginning points of China’s and Korea’s modern literature, and they are also considered models as “impacts without homophile” in two cultures’ modern literatures. Therefore, making an on-the-spot investigation and analysis on the similarity and difference in nature will benefit their modern literatures, particularly the inner natures in the beginning period as a meaning of reference. Meanwhile, it will also make clear the tracks that how they interacted at first and then gradually made the independence at last. On the one hand, they both chose the paths of literature in Japan, and at that time it was just an era which they are sensitive to new-born things as youth. Under such circumstances, how they responded to the preference and trends of Japanese literature? How and in what forms such passion can be seen in their works? On the other hand, in the detailed process of contrastive study, we should consider in what position they are in their own literature history and what comprehension do people have on them. Thus, the contrastive studying method develops into impact factors and analogy with “both hands”. Besides, from the perspective of Chinese and Korean ethnical literature, and based on their different growing-up backgrounds and times, the possibility of simple and irrational judgment that which on the higher is can be ruled out.

Correlation between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Derived Metrics and Serum Soluble CD40 Ligand Level in an Embolic Canine Stroke Model

Xiao-Quan Xu,Chen-Jiang Wu,Shan-Shan Lu,Qian-Qian Gao,Qing-Quan Zu,Xing-Long Liu,Hai-Bin Shi,Sheng Liu 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.5

Objective: To determine the relationship between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging derived quantitative metrics and serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) level in an embolic canine stroke model. Materials and Methods: A middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established in 24 beagle dogs. Experimental dogs were divided into low- and high-sCD40L group according to serum sCD40L level at 4.5 hours after establishing the model. IVIM imaging was scanned at 4.5 hours after model establishment using 10 b values ranging from 0 to 900 s/mm2. Quantitative metrics diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) of ischemic lesions were calculated. Quantitative metrics of ischemic lesions were normalized by contralateral hemisphere using the following formula: normalized D = Dstroke / Dcontralateral. Differences in IVIM metrics between the low- and high-sCD40L groups were compared using t test. Pearson’s correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship between IVIM metrics and serum sCD40L level. Results: The high-sCD40L group showed significantly lower f and normalized f values than the low-sCD40L group (f, p < 0.001; normalized f, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D value between the two groups (All p > 0.05). Both f and normalized f values were negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level (f, r = -0.789, p < 0.001; normalized f, r = -0.823, p < 0.001). However, serum sCD40L level had no significant correlation with D*, normalized D*, D, or normalized D (All p > 0.05). Conclusion: The f value derived from IVIM imaging was negatively correlated with serum sCD40L level. f value might serve as a potential imaging biomarker to assess the formation of microvascular thrombosis in hyperacute period of ischemic stroke.

Timosaponin B-Ⅱ Inhibits Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Induction by Lipopolysaccharide in BV2 Cells

Wen-Quan Lu,Wan-Sheng Chen,Yan Qiu,Tie-Jun Li,Xia Tao,Lian-Na Sun 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.9

It was reported that the total polysaccharides extracts from Anemarrhenae asphodeloides Bge(Liliaceae, rhizome) could inhibit inflammatory responses in various models. In the present study, the effects of Timosaponin B-II, a purified extract from A. asphodeloidesb, on the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, the activity of NF-κB and the activation of signal pathway related to NF-κB were explored in vitro. Timosaponin B-Ⅱ significantly attenuated increase of these cytokines on both mRNA and protein levels from LPS-stimulated BV2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The reporter gene assay also showed that the activation of NF-κB induced by LPS was inhibited by pre-treatment with Timosaponin B-Ⅱ. Moreover, western blot results showed that the activation of p38, JNK and P65 had been decreased. These results suggest that both NF-κB signal pathway and MAPK pathway were involved in the inhibitory effects of Timosaponin B-II on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

A self-assembly and stimuli-responsive fusion gelonin delivery system for tumor treatment

Quan Liu,Lu Zhang,Xiuru Ji,Meong Cheol Shin,Shuping Xie,Baoyan Pan,Fei Yu,Jingwen Zhao,Victor C. Yang 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are potent protein toxins for cancer therapy, and they have strongability to inhibit protein synthesis and induce cell death via inactivation of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells. However, the delivery of RIPs has been a challenging task due to their large molecular weight and lack oftargeting property. Low molecular weight protamine (LMWP), a transmembrane peptide, has beenproved to effectively promote transmembrane transportation, whereas the enzyme-activatable systemcan enhance the specificity by enhancing the tumor drug concentration through enzymatic reaction. Weherein constructed a self-assembly and stimuli-responsive fusion gelonin delivery system. Gelonin, atypical RIP protein, was assembled with nickel ferrite nanoparticles by self-assembling between hexa-histidine tag (His-tagged) and nickel ions. Both in vitro and in vivo results indicated that the magneticnanoparticle carriers and the applied linkers did not damage the pharmaceutical effect of gelonin, andthe whole drug delivery system showed good biocompatibility, sensitive selectivity, and significantlyenhanced cytotoxic activity. This in turn presented theranostic nanoparticles as efficient delivery vehiclefor clinical use.

Trajectory Planning for Energy Minimization of Industry Robotic Manipulators Using the Lagrange Interpolation Method

Lu-Ping Luo,Hanyang Universit,Rui-Jun Yan,Quan Yuan,Jing Wu,신규식,한창수 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

We propose to use Lagrange interpolation method to express each joint trajectory function to realize trajectory planning for energy minimization of industrial robotic manipulators. We give the position constraints to the industrial robotic manipulators and the stability of the industrial robotic manipulators should be satisfied. In order to avoid Runge’s phenomenon of Lagrange interpolation method, we use the Chebyshev interpolation points for our approach. Through derivation, the angular velocity functions and angular acceleration functions can be obtained. Lagrange interpolation method can satisfy position constraints, and ensure the smoothness of joint angular positions, velocities, accelerations, and joint torques. By taking these functions into the Performance Index (PI) of energy minimization, as well as the direct iteration method used for optimization of energy consumption, we can obtain the optimal trajectory for industrial robotic manipulators.

Cooperative Control Feedback: On Backoff Misbehavior of CSMA/CA MAC in Channel-Hopping Cognitive Radio Networks

Quan Liu,Yong Lu,Gang Hu,Shaohe Lv,Xiaodong Wang,Xingming Zhou 한국통신학회 2018 Journal of communications and networks Vol.20 No.6

Due to dynamic channel availability in cognitive radionetworks (CRNs), rendezvous problem is known as the mostchallenging issue in the design of media access control (MAC)protocol, which is a key step for secondary users (SUs) to startcommunication. With the concept of blind rendezvous, numerouschannel-hopping sequence (CHS) based rendezvous schemeshave been proposed to solve this problem in these years. Currently,little attention is paid to the design of a carrier sensing multipleaccess/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) MAC based on theserendezvous schemes and also the rendezvous de-synchronizationproblem brought by multiple rendezvous networking paradigminto MAC design. To this end, we propose a cooperative channelhoppingbased CSMA/CA MAC (named CoCH-CSMA/CA MAC)which works on the top of existing CHS based rendezvous schemes. Resulting from the rendezvous de-synchronization problem, a newtype of collision, named false collision, is identified. As a SU cannotdiscern the false collision by itself, we design a cooperative controlfeedback scheme which employs correlation-based signal detectionto reduce the coordination overhead of cooperation and helps SUsto avoid backoff misbehavior. Moreover, we analyze the behavior ofour MAC protocol and its advantage. Extensive simulations provethat the cooperative control feedback scheme can effectively alleviatethe impact of rendezvous de-synchronization problem on backoffmisbehavior and improve network performance.

중국(中國) 사료(史料)로 본 고구려(高句麗)와 백제(百濟) 악무(樂舞)

全莹 ( Quan Ying ),楊璐 ( Yang Lu ) 백제학회 2018 백제학보 Vol.0 No.25

고구려와 백제는 장기간에 걸쳐 중국 왕조들과 교류하였다. 시기별 교류 특징이 각자 달리 나타나겠으나, 대개는 정치, 경제와 문화를 중심으로 이루어졌던 것 같다. 樂舞는 문화 교류의 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 한반도 삼국시대에 관한 중국 측 문헌기록의 중요성은 새삼 강조하지 않아도 주지하는 사실일 것이다. 따라서 중국 측 문헌은 한국 고대사 연구에서 간과할 수 없는 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이 글에서는 중국 사료에 나타나는 고구려와 백제 악무에 관한 기록을 중심으로, 관련 내용을 분류 정리하고, 아울러 이에 근거해 고구려와 백제 악무의 유사성과 차이점을 살폈다. 중국 사료에서 고구려와 백제 악무를 언급한 내용은 대개 여덟 가지로 나뉘는데, 高句麗 樂舞 曲名과 特性, 百濟樂舞歌曲 存況, 中原王朝에 전래된 기원, 高句麗樂舞에서 착용한 복식, 高句麗樂舞 樂器 使用狀況, 百濟樂舞에서 使用한 樂器, 十部伎 중 高麗伎에 관한 내용 등이다. 한편, 고구려와 백제 기악의 연관성과 관련해, 착용한 복식에 네 가지 유사점을 발견되는가 하면, 음악은 연주에서 차이점이 타나난다. 그리고 사료에 나타나는 百濟 樂舞의 ‘淸雅’함은 고구려와 구별되는 백제 악무의 또 다른 특징이다. Goguryeo andBaekje were two important kingdoms in Korean Peninsula; both had frequent and prolonged exchanges with ancient China, which were highlighted by cultural exchanges. Ancient China’s historical records about Three Kingdoms of Korea predated Korean ones and were chief source of ancient Korean history books. Therefore, they are of great academic values. This paper combed and classified the records of traditional Korean dances of Goguryeo andBaekje in China’s historical records and studiedtheirsimilaritiesanddifferences.

The Main Genes Controlling the Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids in Camellia Oleifera Seeds

Dang-Quan Zhang,Xiao-Feng Tan,Lu-Shan Xie,Jian Qiu,Fang-Ming Hu 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Isolation of Probiotic Piliated Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strains from Human Fecal Microbiota Using SpaA Antiserum-Based Colony Immunoblotting

( Zhen-quan Yang ),( Yu Xue ),( Sheng-qi Rao ),( Mi Zhang ),( Lu Gao ),( Yong-qi Yin ),( Da-wei Chen ),( Xiao-hui Zhou ),( Xin-an Jiao ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.11

Piliated Lactobacillus rhamnosus (pLR) strains possess higher adherent capacity than non-piliated strains. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize probiotic pLR strains in human fecal samples. To this end, mouse polyclonal antiserum (anti-SpaA) against the recombinant pilus protein (SpaA) of L. rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) was prepared and tested for its reactivity and specificity. With the anti-SpaA, a method combining the de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar plating separation and colony immunoblotting (CIB) was developed to isolate pLR from 124 human fecal samples. The genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the resultant pLR isolates were compared by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and examination of adhesion to Caco-2 cells, hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and in vitro gastrointestinal tolerance. Anti-SpaA specifically reacted with three pLR strains of 25 test strains, as assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence flow cytometry, and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) assays. The optimized MRS agar separation plus anti- SpaA-based CIB procedure could quantitatively detect 2.5 × 10³ CFU/ml of pLR colonies spiked in 10⁶ CFU/ml of background bacteria. Eight pLR strains were identified in 124 human fecal samples, and were confirmed by 16S RNA gene sequencing and IEM identification. RAPD fingerprinting of the pLR strains revealed seven different patterns, of which only two isolates from infants showed the same RAPD profiles with LGG. Strain PLR06 was obtained with high adhesion and autoaggregation activities, hydrophobicity, and gastrointestinal tolerance. Anti-SpaA-based CIB is a rapid and inexpensive method for the preliminary screening of novel adherent L. rhamnosus strains for commercial purposes.

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Pro-motes NIH3T3 Fibroblast Proliferation by Activating p-Akt and Cell Cycle Progression

Yang Lu,Shuxin Liu,Shujia Zhang,Guangyan Cai,Hongwei Jiang,Huabin Su,Xiaofan Li,Quan Hong,Xueguang Zhang,Xiangmei Chen 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.31 No.3

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) plays various roles in cell growth in different cell types. However, few studies have focused on TIMP-1’s effect on fibroblast cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of TIMP-1 overexpression on NIH3T3 fibroblast proliferation and potential transduction signaling pathways involved. Overexpression of TIMP-1, by transfection of the pLenti6/ V5-DESTTIMP-1 plasmid, significantly promoted NIH3T3 proliferation as determined by the BrdU array. Neither 5 nor 15 nM GM6001 (matrix metalloproteinase system inhibitor) affected NIH3T3 proliferation, but 45 nM GM6001 inhibited proliferation. TIMP-1 overexpression activated the p-Akt pathway, but not the p-ERK or p-p38 pathway. In TIMP-1-transfected cells, cyclinD1 was upregulated and p21CIP1 and p27^(KIP1) were downregulated, which promoted cell entry into the S and G2/M phases. The PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 abolished the TIMP-1-induced effects. Overexpression of intracellular TIMP-1 stimulated NIH3T3 fibroblast proliferation in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-independent manner by activating the p-Akt pathway and related cell cycle progression.