한국인 알코올 의존 환자에서 알코올 대사 효소 유전자형 빈도의 남녀 차이

김성곤,김철민,이덕기,황인복,이현숙,김성연,전은숙,송영상,박제민,최병무,김명정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : There are a number of preceding epidemiological studies reporting gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence. The author investigated gender difference in the frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2 genoypes between the patients with alcohol dependence and normal control. Methods : The subjects were 141 alcohol dependent patients (104 males, 37 females) and 138 normal control (79 males, 59 females). The frequencies of 1/1 and 1/2+2/2 (2+ afterward) genotypes for ADH2 and ALDH2 were investigated in male and female between alcohol dependence and normal control group. DNA was extracted from WBC in peripheral venous blood and PCR-RFLP method was used out for genotyping. Results : First, the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher in alcohol dependent patients than normal control in both genders. Second, while there was no gender difference in the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype in normal controls, in the patient group however, the frequency was significantly higher in females than males. Third, in male subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher than in male normal control subjects. On the other hand, in female subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 2+ genotype was significantly higher than in female normal control subjects. Conclusion : These results suggest that while the risk of alcohol dependence is predominantly affected by ALDH2 1/1 geno-type in male, the female ADH2 1/1 genotype is mainly associated with the risk of alcohol dependence. This means that there are gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence.

투석 환자에서 뇌졸중의 임상양상

박경아 ( Kyong Ah Park ),김세훈 ( Se Hun Kim ),박무용 ( Moo Yong Park ),최수정 ( Soo Jeong Choi ),김진국 ( Jin Kuk Kim ),황승덕 ( Seung Duk Hwang ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ) 대한신장학회 2011 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.30 No.6

Purpose: Patients with chronic kidney disease are predisposed to having a stroke. However, there are few data regarding the risk factors of stroke for the mortality and outcome in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors of stroke and its outcome in patients on dialysis at our hospital. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of dialysis patients who developed strokes from March 2001 to March 2009. The stroke was diagnosed on the history, physical examination and computed axial tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The types of stroke were divided into ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Results: The 120 patients were included in this study. Cerebral ischemia was 80 cases (66.7%) and cerebral hemorrhage was 39 cases (32.5%). One case had cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage simultaneously. Stroke occurred most frequently within 1 year after starting dialysis. Patients with cerebral infarction were older than patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was more frequent in patient with cerebral infarction. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis showed old age, hypertension and poor mental status are risk factors of mortality. Diuretics use reduced the mortality. Conclusion: The incidence of ischemic stroke is twice the higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke in the dialysis population. The risk factors of mortality were old age, hypertension, poor mental status and no diuretic use.

비스테로이드성 소염진통제에 의한 만성 간질성 신염 1예

박무용,최수정,김진국,황승덕 순천향의학연구소 2009 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.3S

..

Wistar 랫드와 자연발증 고혈압 랫드(SHR)의 주후각망울에서 노화에 따른 catalase 면역반응의 변화

김덕수(Duk Soo Kim),유기연(Ki Yeon Yoo),안성진(Sung-Jin An),박승국(Seung-Kook Park),황인구(In Koo Hwang),정주영(Ju-Young Jung),이경우(Kyoung Woo Lee),조준휘(Jun Hwi Cho),강태천(Tae-Cheon Kang),원무호(Moo Ho Won) 대한해부학회 2003 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.36 No.5

Catalase (CAT)는 신진대사의 과정동안 Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD)나 Mn-SOD에 의해서 oxygen radical (O2-)이나 hydroxyl radical (OH-)이 H2O2로 분해되고, 이렇게 분해된 H2O2를 H2O와 O2로 변환시키는 작용을 하기 때문에 reactive oxygen species (ROS)에 대항하는 중요한 내인성 항산화효소중의 하나이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 6개월령에서 24개월령까지의 Wistar 랫드와 유전적으로 자연발증 고혈압 랫드인 spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR)의 주후각망울에서 CAT의 경시적인 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Wistar 랫드에서의 CAT 면역반응은 glomerular layer (GL), external plexiform layer (EPL), internal plexiform layer (IPL) 그리고 granule cell layer (GCL)에서 나타났다. CAT 면역반응은 노화와 함께 서서히 감소하였으며, 24개월령에서는 거의 면역반응이 사라지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 6개월군과 12개월군의 EPL에서 나타난 CAT 면역반응 신경세포는 형태학적으로 granule cell과 유사하였다. 그러나, 18개월군과 24개월군의 EPL과 mitral cell layer (MCL)에서 나타난 CAT 면역반응 신경세포는 각각 tufted cell과 형태학적으로 유사하였다. SHR에서의 CAT 면역반응은 주후각망울의 전 층에서 관찰되었으며, 노화와 함께 서서히 감소하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 특히 24개월군의 GL과 EPL에서 면역반응이 현저하게 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 CAT 면역반응의 감소가 산화적 손상 (oxidative stress)의 증가에 대한 원인 중의 하나로 작용하고, 이러한손상이 주후각망울의 노화에 따른 후각 저하와 밀접한 연관성이 있음을 시사한다. 더욱이 Wistar 랫드보다 SHR에서 CAT 면역반응이 상대적으로 빠르게 감소하는 것은 고혈압과 연관된 신경손상의 원인과 관련이 있는 것으로 추측된다. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) is well-known for the causative factors inducing ischemia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer, amylotrophic lateral sclerosis, hypertension and aging. Catalase (CAT) is an important endogenous antioxidant enzyme against ROS because it removes H2O2 during metabolic processes. Hence, we examined the age-related changes of CAT-immunoreactivity in the main olfactory bulbs (MOB) of the Wistar and spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) at various aging stages over 2 years periods; postnatal month 6 (PM 6), PM 12, PM 18 and PM 24. CATimmunoreactive (IR) neurons in Wistar rats were located in the glomerular layer (GL), external plexiform layer (EPL), internal plexiform layer (IPL) and granule cell layer (GCL). The number of CAT-IR neurons slightly decreased agedependently and nearly disappeared at PM 24. At PM 6 and PM 12, the CAT-IR neurons located in the EPL were morphologically identified as granule cells. However, at PM 18 and PM 24, CAT-IR neurons located in the EPL and mitral cell layer (MCL) were morphologically identified as tufted and mitral cells, respectively. CAT-IR neurons in the SHR were located in all layers of the MOB. The number of CAT-IR neurons and CAT immunoreactivity decreased agedependently and nearly disappeared especially in the GL and EPL at PM 24. These findings indicate that the decrease of CAT immunoreactivity may be one of the causative factors for increase of oxidative stress, and these damages may underlie age-related changes in the olfactory process. The early decrease of CAT immunoreactivity in the SHR than in the Wistar rat suggests that the early decreae of CAT may be associated with the cause of hypertensive neuronal damage

신장 ; 5/6 신절제 백서에서 Statin의 염증억제 효과에 대한 연구

박무용 ( Moo Yong Park ),최수정 ( Soo Jung Choi ),김진국 ( Jin Kook Kim ),황승덕 ( Seung Duk Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.81 No.6

목적: Statin이 만성 콩팥병환자에게서 심혈관계 합병증을 감소시키고 단백뇨 감소 효과와 함께 신기능 저하를 지연시키는 작용이 있음은 잘 알려져 있다. 그러나 이미 만성신부전으로 진행된 콩팥병에서 신기능 보호 효과에 대해서는 아직 뚜렷하지 않다. 이에 저자는 만성신부전 쥐 모델에서 statin에 의한 신기능 보호 효과를 알기 위해 연구를 하였다. 방법: 6주 연령의 수컷 Sprague-Dawley (SD) 백서를 대상으로 5/6 신절제술을 시행 후 6주간 관찰하여 만성신부전 모델을 만든 후 대조군과 치료군으로 나누어, 치료군은 rosuvastatin을 8주간 투여하였다. 채혈과 24시간 소변 수집은 신절제술후 6주와 14주에 각각 시행하였고, 잔여 신장은 6주와 14주에 백서를 희생하여 회수하였다. 결과: 총 12마리 중 6주에 4마리, 14주에 대조군 4마리와 치료군 4마리를 희생하였다. 5/6 신절제 후 6주에 채혈한 검사에서 대조군과 치료군의 평균 크레아티닌은 각각 0.89±0.14 mg/dL, 0.86±0.05 mg/dL (p=0.55)이었다. 14주에 채혈한 대조군과 치료군의 평균 크레아티닌은 각각 0.97±0.05mg/dL, 0.94±0.11 mg/dL이었다(p=0.77). 두 군 사이의 총콜레스테롤, low density lipoprotein (LDL) 콜레스테롤과 중성지방은 차이가 없었다. 두 군에서 6주와 14주에 사이의 크레아티닌과 단백뇨의 변화를 비하였을 때 두 군 모두 크레아티닌과 단백뇨가 시간의 경과에 따라 증가하는 추세를 보였으나, 증가 정도를 비교할 때 대조군과 치료군 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.24, p=0.77). 신장 조직의 면역조직화학 염색에서 치료군의 intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)과 transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 발현이 감소되어 있었고, 전체 신장 조직의 TGF-β1 농도도 치료군이 유의하게 낮았다(p=0.021). 신장 조직에서 측정한 malondialdehyde(MDA) 평균 농도는 치료군이 낮았으나 통계적으로 유의한차이는 없었다(p=0.34). 결론: 만성신부전에서 statin 치료는 신부전의 진행에 중요한 항염증 효과를 나타낸다. Background/Aims: In a previous study, statin therapy reduced proteinuria and ameliorated the progression of chronic kidney disease. However, in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), the beneficial effect of statin therapy on the preservation of renal function has not been determined. Thus, we determined the effect of rosuvastatin on CRF. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy. Six weeks after the procedure, the rats were divided into control and rosuvastatin-treated groups. Body weight and blood/urine biochemical parameters were measured 6 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy and 8 weeks after the start of rosuvastatin treatment. Remnant kidneys were harvested at 6 (n=4) and 14 (n=8) weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy. Results: During rosuvastatin treatment, changes in body weight and serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ significantly between the control and rosuvastatin-treated groups. Although serum creatinine and proteinuria increased in both groups, the differences were not significant (p=0.24 and 0.77, respectively). Immunohistochemical staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and western blotting showed that the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 were reduced in the rosuvastatin-treated group. Conclusions: Long-term statin treatment may attenuate the inflammatory process in the progression of renal failure. (Korean J Med 2011; 81:740-750)

혈액투석 환자에서 체내 수분 상태와 혈중 BNP 농도 변화의 연관성

박무용 ( Moo Yong Park ),최수정 ( Soo Jeong Choi ),김진국 ( Jin Kuk Kim ),황승덕 ( Seung Duk Hwang ) 대한신장학회 2006 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.25 No.2

The Korean Association of lnternal Medicine : Poster Session ; PS 1332 : Nephrology ; Clinical Utility of Far-Infrared Therapy to Improve Access Blood Flow and Pain Control in Hemodialysis Patients

( Samel Park ),( Soo Jeong Choi ),( Moo Yong Park ),( Jin Kuk Kim ),( Seung Duk Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: A well-functioning vascular access and relieving needling pain are importantfor achieving adequate dialysis and improving the quality of life in hemodialysis( HD) patients. Far-infrared(fiR) therapy has been used on various medical fi elds such as chronic pain and dysmenorrhea. However, little is known about the effect of fiR therapy in HD patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of fiR therapy on access blood fi ow and needling pain in HD patients. Methods: This study was a prospective clinical trial at the single center in Korea and 31 HD patients were enrolled. fiR was used for 40 min during HD three times per week. The access blood fi ow measured by the ultrasound dilution method and pain scale measured by numeric rating scale(NRS). The baseline access blood fi ow and pain scale measured during one week before the start of the study. After then, it measured every one month for 6-month follow-up. Results: The access blood fiow has been increased from 878.1±108.1 ml/min to 923.9±102.3 ml/min(p = 0.317) in a single HD session and from 827.9±139.3 ml/min to 924.2±153.7 ml/min(p = 0.160) in fiR therapy for 6 months. However, It was not signi fi cant change during this periods. Pain score was signifi cantly decreased from 4.7±0.5 to 1.5±0.3(p < 0.001) and anxiety score was signifi cantly decreased from 4.4±0.6 to 1.6±0.3(p < 0.001), too. No patients complained of any adverse effect of fiR therapy such as skin burn, itching sensation, bleeding or delayed hemostasis. Conclusion: This study shows that fiR improves the access blood fi ow and needling pain in hemodialysis patients. However, the access blood fiow was not significant change. Future studies investigating the effect of fiR therapy with large populations and long-term follow-up are needed.

Feasibility Studies on Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor for Sludge Treatment

Chang Duk,Hur Joon-Moo,Son Bu-Soon,Park Jong-An,Jang Bong-Ki The Korean Environmental Sciences Society 1997 Environmental sciences Vol.1 No.2

Digestion of a municipal wastewater sludge by the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR) was investigated to evaluate the performance of the ASBR process at a critical condition of high-solids-content feed. The reactors were operated at an HRT of 10 days with an equivalent loading rate of 0.8-1.5 gVS/L/d at $35^{\circ}C.$ The main conclusions drawn from this study were as follows: 1. Digestion of a municipal wastewater sludge was possible using the ASBR in spite of high concentration of settleable solids in the sludge. The ASBRS with 3- and 4-day cycle period showed almost identical high digestion performances. 2. No adverse effect on digestion stability was observed in the ASBRS in spite of withdrawal and replenishment of $30\%\;or\;40\%$ of liquid contents. A conventional anaerobic digester could be easily converted to the ASBR without any stability problem. 3. Flotation thickening occurred in thicken step of the ASBRS throughout steady state, and floating bed volume at the end of thicken period occupied about $70\%$ of the working volume of the reactor. Efficiency of flotation thickening in the ASBRS could be comparable to that of additional gravity thickening of a completely mixed digester. 4. Solids were accumulated rapidly in the ASBR during start-up period. Solids concentrations in the ASBRS were 2.6 times higher than that in the completely mixed control reactor at steady state. Dehydrogenase activity had a strong correlation with the solids concentration. Dehydrogenase activity of the digested sludge in the ASBR was 2.9 times higher than that of the sludge in the control reactor, and about 25 times higher than that of the subnatant in the ASBR. 5. Remarkable increase in equivalent gas production of $52\%$ was observed at the ASBRS compared with the control reactor in spite of similar Quality of clarified effluent from the ASBRS and control reactor. The increase in gas production from the ASBRS was believed to be combined results of accumulation of microorganisms, higher driving force applied, and additional long-term degradation of organics continuously accumulated.

재생 잔골재 및 굵은골재를 사용한 재생콘크리트의 공학적 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

박종호(Park, Jong-Ho),문형재(Moon, Hyung-Jae),김영선(Kim, Young-Sun),김영덕(Kim, Young-Duk),김재환(Kim, Jae-Hwan),김무한(Kim Moo-Han) 한국콘크리트학회 2004 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2004 No.11

대동맥판 역류를 동반한 파브리병 환자 1례

박무용 ( Moo Yong Park ),최수정 ( Soo Jeong Choi ),김진국 ( Jin Kuk Kim ),황승덕 ( Seung Duk Hwang ),원용순 ( Yong Soon Won ),권계원 ( Kye Won Kwon ) 대한신장학회 2008 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.28 No.1