大氣汚染 疫學에 있어서의 暴露評價에 대하여

孫富順,朴鍾安 서울大學校保健大學院 1995 國民保健硏究所硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.2

「Total Exposure」의 개념에 기초하여, 大氣汚染의 健康影響 關한 疫學硏究를 再構築한다고 하는 시도는, 아직 시작한 단계에 불과하다. 지금까지 實施된 疫學硏究를 이와같은 暴露評價의 点에서 다시 보는것도 必要할 것이다. 暴露와 影響의 關連을 檢出할 수 있다는 感度의 点에서는, sample size와 誤分類의 問題가 Trade-off관계에 있는 것에 충분한 留意를 해야 한다. 엄밀한 意味에서는 Individual Exposure를 測定할 수 있는 Technology의 開發을 推進하지 않으면 안되지만, 한편으로는 質的評價와 量的 評價의 조합에 의해서 暴露評價를 精密化해 나가는 길도 探索할 必要가 있을 것이다.

순천향대학 강의실의 도로교통소음 폭로량에 대한 조사

손부순,이종화,장봉기,박종안 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Recently, there has been widespread recognition that traffic noise is a serious social problem. Soonchunhyang university also likely to be suffered by the problem because a busy highway is near the school. In this study, we examined the exposure level to traffic noise in a classroom of Soonchunhyang university. The results were as follows: 1. Total mean exposure level in classrooms was 42.6 dB. The exposure level in college of humanities was higher than that of orther colleges (college of natural sciences and college of medicine) 2. The exposure level in a classroom was 37.5 dB if the windows were kept close, and 42.5 dB if open. The level also influenced by the distance between the classroom and road. 3. After the construction of an antinoise wall, the exposure level was slightly changed from 43.3 dB to 42.3 dB. This suggest that the exposure levels were not affected by the antinoise wall.

우리나라 일부지역의 입자상 물질 농도에 대한 연구

손부순,공미연,박종안,양원호,김종오 대한위생학회 2003 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Recent epidemiologic studies revealed that the concentration of air pollutants and fine particulated matter have some effects on health status and are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to characterize background mass concentration of fine particle (PM2.5) and metallic composition from September 2001 to August 2002 in comparison with a medium city, Asan and metropolitan city, Seoul. Conclusively, proper management for fine particles was required in a medium city, Asan, considering the concentrations of metallic elements in fine particles in Asan were relatively higher than those in Seoul. The results were as followed. 1. Average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul were 37.70(±18.41 ㎍/㎥) and 5.83(±38.50)㎍/㎥, respectively. When the weather conditions were classified as normal and yellow-sand, measured average mass concentrations of fine particles in yellow-sand weather condition was significantly higher than those of normal weather condition in both cities (p<0.05). 2. Depending on seasons, measured average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul in spring were 47.76(±19.07) ㎍/㎥m and 61.53 (±4.37) ㎍/㎥, respectively. In summer, the average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul were 29.44(±9.85) ㎍/㎥ and 25.42(±8.10) ㎍/㎥, respectively. Especially, the concentration was the highest in spring and the lowest in summer among four seasons. 3. Average concentrations of manganese(Mn), iron(Fe), chromium(Cr), cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb) and silicon(Si) in fine particles in Asan were significantly higher in Seoul (p<0.05). Average concentration of Si in fine particle in Asan was statistically higher than that of Seoul during yellow-sand condition (p<0.05). 4. Considering the characterization of four seasons, average Pb concentration of fine particle in Asan is significantly higher than that of Seoul in spring(p<0.01). In summer, average Mn and Cr concentrations of fine particle in Asan is higher than those of Seoul (p<0.05). Average Mn. Fe. Cr and Si concentrations in fall (p<0.05), and average Mn, Fe, Cr, Pb, and Si concentrations in winter (p<0.05) in Asan were higher than those of Seoul, respectil'ely. 5. Mass concentrations of each Mn, Fe, Cd and Si in fine particles were significantly correlated with both cities. In normal weather condition, Mn, Cu and Si concentrations are statistically significant in Asan, while Mn, Fe, Cu and Si concentrations are statistically significant in Seoul. Mn, Fe and Si concentrations in both cities were statistically significant during yellow-sand weather.

아산시 송악저수지의 수질오염 현황 및 부영양화 저감방안 연구

손부순,염윤기,이종화,장봉기,박종안 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

This study was conducted to estimate the water pollution load, water quantity and quality of inflow stream, status of water pollution and reduction of eutrophication in the Song-ak lake in Asan city. Inflow of branch to Song-ak lake has three streams, one is Eu-gok stream which has the most width of inflow area and another is Dong-hwa stream and the other is Ma-gok stream. The sampling numbers for water quality are 30 points from the sediment of bottom in the Song-ak lake from June, 1997 to ay, 1998. Water quality had been tested for water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD), suspended solid(SS), total nitrogen(T-N), total phosphorus(T-P), colony numbers of E. coli, chlorophyll-α. The total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals(Fe, Pb, Cd) were analyzed by the migration test of the sediment. The results were as follows; The rate of water pollution by the livestock wastewater of the total water pollution load for BOD, SS, T-N and T-P were 59.8%, 82.9%, 56.1% and 90.6%, respectively. Mean daily inflow was 25,369m3. Quantity of inflow was highest at Eu-gok stream. The mean levels of pH, DO, COD, SS, T-N, and colony numbers of E. coli of the inflow water were 7.52, 10.25mg/ℓ, 2.12 mg/ℓ, 3.03 mg/ℓ, 2.25 mg/ℓ, 0.11 mg/ℓ and 1,795/100㎖, respectively. The worst inflow water quality was observed at Dong-hwa stream. The mean levels of pH, DO, COD, SS, T-N, T-P, T-N/T-P and colony numbers of E. coli at Song-ak lake were 8.06, 9.32mg/ℓ, 6.83 mg/ℓ, 4.78 mg/ℓ, 1.66 mg/ℓ, 0.115 mg/ℓ, 20.75 and 64/100㎖, respectively. these are higher than class IV by environmental water quality standards for lake. Mean level of trophic state index was 59.4. The mean levels of T-N, T-P, Fe and Pb by migration test of sediment at Song-ak lake were 259.7ppm, 10.546ppm, 1,704ppm and 8.54ppm, respectively. As the water pollution was mainly caused by livestock waste, the strategy for the reduction of eutrophication of the Song-ak lake should be concentrated on the control of the livestock waste.

아산지역 도로변 구두 수선대의 이산화질수 농도

손부순 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

Workers who work at indoor and outdoor environment near busy road are suspected to be exposed to high-elevated air pollutant levels for workers (repairmen and polishers) pf shoe-stalls. Since shoe-stalls have particularly been located near busy road in Korea, workers might be high exposure to NO2 from traffic exhaust as well as indoor sources of shoe-stall such as portable gas range (butane gas) during working hours. In this study, we measured the ontdoor and out door NO2 concentrations of shoe-stall. Simultaneously, outdoor NO2 concentration of building though sidewalk from shoe-stall were measured. High NO2 exposure for workers of shoe-stalls was considered to be inflow of outdoor source of exhausted emission from vehicles and indoor source from usage of gas range to polish the shoe. Indoor/outdoor NO2 concentration ratio 1.06±0.34 in Asan, because usage of gas range was prevalent in Asan.

아산일부지역에 있어서의 NO₂개인 피폭량에 미치는 각종 생활공간의 영향

손부순 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.1 No.2

Personal exposure levels of NO₂for office workers and housewives living in A-San and neighboring prefectures were measured in two seasons with NO₂filter badge. NO₂concentrations in indoor and outdoor air in their offices and houses were also measured in the same periods. Personal exposure levels in winter ranged from 13 to 132 ppb and its distribution pattern was remarkably different from the other seasons (15.2-17.9 ppb). This fact suggests that use of heating appratus affects largely NO₂indoor air pollution in winter seasons. Actually, NO₂exposure levels of subjects used Kerosene heater (43.6ppb) and gas heater (33.4ppb) were higher than those of subjects unused heating apparatus (18.0ppb). Personal exposure levels of NO₂for man and woman living in the same houses were correlated well each other. The time spent indoors for office workers and housewives were both longer than 22 hour a day. Home staying time was about 60% of total indoor staying time for office workers and 90% or more for housewives. Personal exposure levels were significantly related to indoor exposure levels at home all seasons. Furthermore, personal exposure levels could be estimated from NO₂concentrations and staying times in various living environment.

환경문제에 관한 대학생들의 인식에 관한 연구

손부순,정용택,문정숙,박태술 한양대학교 환경및산업의학연구소 2000 環境과 産業醫學 Vol.9 No.1

室內에 있어서 가스器具의 使用時間과 室素酸化物 曝露濃度와의 關連에 관한 硏究

손부순 순천향대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.15 No.3

實驗室에서 窒素酸化物 曝露濃度의 連續測定과 燃燒器具의 使用等, 生活行動時間 記錄을 實施하여, 相互關連을 統計的으로 分析하고, 그 結果로 부터 一般住民을 對象으로 한 生活行動時間 調査에의한 窒素酸化物 曝露量 評價의 可能性을 檢討하여, 다음과 같은 知見을 얻었다. (1)NO₂曝露量에 관해서는, 가스스토브 使用時間과의 相關이 높았고 NO₂曝露濃度 豫測에 대한 寄與도 가장 컸다. (2)가스곤로 使用時間은, 가스곤로에서의 窒素酸化物 發生量 크기에 비해, NO₂曝露農度 豫測에 대한 寄與가 적고 燃素器具에서의 窒素酸化物 發生과 거리에 동반된 曝露와의 關係는 燃燒器具의 使用狀況등에 影響을 받는것이 示唆 되었다. (3)NO曝露濃度는 가스곤로 가스스토브 使用時間과의 相關이 적었고 生活시間에 의한 曝露濃度豫側 은 困難했다. 따라서 生活行動個査에 의한 窒素酸化物 曝露量 評價를 考慮한 경우에는 NO와NO₂는 다른 시도가 必要하다고 생각된다. (4)生活行動時間에 의한 窒素酸化物 曝露量 評價의 誤差를 적게하고, 편견을 방지하기 위해서는, 個人모니터링 方法등을 倂用할 必要가 있다고 생각된다. ( ※이 論文은 東京都의 硏究지원을 받을 것으로, 東京大學 在學時 硏究 한 Data의 一部를 정리해 發表한 것이다.) We recorded the Livelihood time under the circumstances, those ate: using gas cooking burner and gas stove going out and in the experiment room and to ventilate by opening the window. While taking these time recordings, the dose of exopsure for nitrogen oxides (NO) to volunteer was continuously measured by the chemiluminescent NO/NO₂analyzer. In order to investigate the relationship between each activity and the exposure dose of ??, we applied statistical methods such as multiple regression analysis. After that we tried to consider the possibility of evaluating the exposure dose of ?? for general population based on daily activities by means of time budget survey. The results were as follows; (1)The statistically significant correlation was observed between the time of using gas stove and NO₂concentration (daily average), and ti also had the highest contribution ratio for predicting the dose of exposure for NO₂by muliple regression analysis. (2)The time using gas cooking burner was not markedly related to the does of exopsure for ?? (daily average), contrary to the amount of NO production. (3)It seemed difficult to predict the dose of exposure for NO by multiple regression analysis when independent variable was the time spent under each activity. (4)In order that different approach should be necessary to evaluate the dose of exposure for NO from the way which can be used in evaluating NO₂exposure, the most suggestive way to predict the dose of exposure successfully should be using a personal monitor along with methods above noted.

二酸化窒素의 室內 및 個人 曝露量에 關한 韓·日 硏究

손부순 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.3

An attempt was made to determine the factors influencing personal exposure levels of NO₂ for housewives living in urban area in Korea and Japan. NO₂was measured with small passive sampler containing Triethanolamine, and samplers were set for 24 hours at volunteers (personal exposure level), near the TV in living room (indoor level) and near the porch of their houses (outdoor level). The subjects recorded the time of spending cooking using gas appliances, using kitchen ventilator and unvented oil or gas heater, total of minutes of opening window, going out of home and room. There was an apparent increase in personal exposure level in the case of the unvented heater and also and increased by cooking on a gas range in Korea and Japan. Through these observations, we concluded that personal exposure level of NO₂ was strongly related to indoor NO₂level, and the factors influencing indoor NO₂level seemed different between in Korea and Japan. The biggest factor in the former was indoor pollution and in the latter, was the level of outdoor environment.

疫學 파라메터에 關한 推測

손부순 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

For the investigation of the relationship between the exposure and the disease, it is necessary to infer the degree of the relationship. Some biologically deducible epidemiology parameters are useful for this. These parameters are the difference between risks, the rate ratio, the rate difference, and the assumption rate ratio by Odd's ratio. The investigation of the degree of inferential epidemiology parameters is important. and it is manifested by the confidential interval.