그레이브스 병 치료 후 재발 위험 인자에 관한 연구

이영창,유명희,윤석기,변동원,서교일,김극배 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

연구 배경 : 그레이브스 병에 대한 항갑상선제 치료후 적절한 치료 여부 평가 및 재발 위험성을 예측하기 위하여 여러 가지 예후 판정 인자들이 연구되어 왔으며, 이러한 인자들 중 TRH(thyrotropin-releasing hormone) 자극 시험이 가장 믿을 만한 검사중에 하나로 알려져 있다. 그러나 TRH 자극 검사가 정상으로 나와도 재발하는 경우가 많으며, 현재로는 이러한 경우에 재발을 예측하는 예후 인자에 대한 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 금번 연구에서는 TRH 자극 시험 후 TSH(thyroid stimulating hormone)가 정상적인 반응을 보인 환자를 대상으로 재발 및 관해여부를 예측할 수 있는 인자들을 찾고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 항갑상선제제 치료 종료후 TRH 자극 시험을 시행하였던 그레이브스 병 환자 총 84명 중, 정상적인 TSH 반응을 보이면서 1년 이상 추적 관찰이 가능하였던 32명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 처음 진단 시와 치료 종료 시에 T3(triiodothyronine), T4(thyroxine), T3/T4 비, TSH, TRAb, Anti-TPO Ab(anti-thyroperoxidase antibody)를 측정하였으며, 치료 종료 2개월후에는 TRH 자극 검사를 하여 TSH 증가폭(△TSH) 및 유리 T_(3) 증가폭(△FT_(3))을 구하였다. 모든 측정치는 평균±표준편차로 표시하였으며, SPSS software를 이용하여 Student's paired t-test, chi-square test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test를 시행하였고, 유의 수준 0.05 이하를 통계적으로 유의하다고 판단하였다. 결과 1) 총 32명의 환자 중 재발한 환자(Group Ⅰ)는 22명(69%) 이었으며, 재발한 환자(Group Ⅱ)는 10명(31%) 이었다. 2) 진단 초기 총T3 치는 Ⅰ 군에서 342.0±126.2ng/dl, Ⅱ 군에서 493.0 ±142.2 ng/dl로 Ⅱ군에 비해 유의하게 증가되었다(p<0.05). 3) Anti-TPO Ab는 Ⅰ군에서 2.9±4.4, Ⅱ군에서 22.3±22.3 U/mL로 나타나 Ⅱ군에서 유의하게 증가되었다.(p<0.05) 4) 양군에서 치료 종료후 재발시 대부분의 환자가 1년 이내에 재발하였다. 5) TRH 자극· 검사후 유리 T3 증가폭 및 TSH 증가폭은 양군간에 차이가 업ㅅ었다(1.5±0.9 vs 1.2±1.0 pmol/L, 12.54±7.56 vs 11.23±4.21 mU/L, p>0.05) 결론 : TRH 자극 검사후 정상적인 TSH 반응을 보인 환자에서 재발 및 관해여부를 치료 초기 T3 및 치료 종료시 Anti-TPO Ab로 예측할 수 있었으며, 이들 측정치가 증가해 있을수록 재발의 가능성이 많음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 투약 중단후 초기 12개원의 추적기간 동안 관해가 유지되면 그 이후엔 재발의 가능성이 현저히 줄어 들었으며, 이 후 좀더 많은 환자들을 대상으로 하는 장기적인 추적연구가 진행 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background : Many studies were undertaken to find parameters that could predict the clinical course of patients with Graves' disease after withdrawal of antithyroid drugs. In many parameters, TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) stimulation test and T3 suppression test were considered to be one of the most reliable for predicting remission. But recently, some studies showed that the measurement of free T3 and FT3 are to be a more accurate than other thyroid function test. In this study, we measured T_(3), T_(4), T_(3)/T_(4), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), TRAb (TSH receptor antibody), FT3 and other known useful parameters to compare the factors influencing the relapse of Graves disease after antithyroid medication. Patients and methods : Among the 84 Graves' disease patients who had done the TRH stimulation test after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, we examined 32 patients who showed normal TSH response and followed up more than one year. T_(3), T_(4), T_(3)/T_(4), TSH and TRAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Serum TSH and FT_(3) levels were measured after TRH stimulation, after two months of withdrawal of medication. Statistical evaluation was Performed by SPSS software in combination with Student's Paired t-test, chi-square test, Wlicoxon signed-ranks test. p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results 1. In the 32 patients with Graves disease, 10 patients(31%) relapsed(Group Ⅰ) and 22 Patients(69%) remained in remission(Group Ⅱ). 2. Initial serum T3 level was significantly higher in group Ⅰ than group Ⅱ(342.0 ±126.2 vs. 493.0±142.2 ng/dl, p<0.05). 3. Anti-TPO Ab level was significantly higher in group Ⅰ than group Ⅱ(22.3±22.3 vs 2.9±4.4 U/mL, p<0.05). 4. In group Ⅰ and Ⅱ most patients showed relapse within 1 year after antithyroid medication. 5. After TRH stimulation test, serum FT_(3), and TSH level were not significantly different between group I and Ⅱ(p>0.05). 6. Serum T_(4), T_(3)/T_(4), TSH, TRAb levels were not significantly different from group Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Conclusion : In this study, we found increased relapse rate in the patients with Graves' disease whose initial serum T3 and anti-TPO Ab levels were high, so these parameters could be used to predict the relapse of Graves' disease. In the case of more than 12 months remission period after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, no relapse wsa observed in this study, but study should be done in the large population of patients with Graves' disease.

컴퓨터 시스템의 정보보안 모델링에 관한 연구

방극인,이준 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.1

According as practical use of server system is generalized in multimedia and internet environment, the security of all data that is stored to system is actuality that security mechanism of high level such as competence grant or access control is required. Also, standardization of informations that is stored in system in scattered environment protection technology of more complicated system by absence of done schema, non-systemicity etc. Therefore in this paper. General access control way explained basic modelling because enough investigate and analyze general access control way. And assigning role about each modules separating module of RBAC (Role-Based Access Contro) modelling, existent access control modelling and RBAC modelling using mixing new access control modelling present.

산모 및 제대 혈중 납농도에 관련된 행태학적 및 사회경제적 요인에 관한 조사

김주자,우극현,이임순 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

생활환경에 따라 산모 및 제대 혈중 납농도가 차이가 있을 것이며 그러한 납농도에 영향을 미칠수 있는 행태학적 및 사회경제적 수준의 영향이 어느정도일가 하는 문제를 알아보기 위하여, 연구대상 지역을 도시, 농촌, 공단 지역으로 구분하여 이들 각 지역에 거주하는 분만중의 산모를 대상으로 혈중 납농도 및 신생아의 제대 혈중 납농도를 조사하였으며 그에 관련된 여러 위험요인들에 대하여도 조사하였다. 도시지역으로는 서울에서 순천향 서울병원, 농촌지역으로는 음성에서 순천향 음성병원, 공단지역으로는 구미에서 순천향 구미병원을 선정하였다. 1993년 1월 부터 3월 사이의 기간동안 분만을 위하여 각 병원에 입원한 산모 306명에게서 일반 기초검사 및 혈중납 측정을 하였으며 분만시 신생아의 제대혈을 채취하였고 같은 기간동안 분만보조 간호사에 의하여 면접에 의한 설문작성을 하였으며 또한 의무기록도 조사하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조사대상자인 산모의 평균 연령은 27.5±5.3세, 임신기간은 39.4±3.1주로 모든 지역별 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 산모 혈중 납농도는 4.73±1.49 ㎍/dl, 제대 혈중 납농도는 4.35±1.29 ㎍/dl이었으며 모두 지역별 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 2. 산모의 생물학적 및 사회경제적 요인을 4분위로 나누어 각 등급정도에 따른 산모 및 제대 혈중 납농도의 변화경향을 조사한 결과 산모연령, 아기의 출생시 체중, 임신기간, 가정의 총 연수입등의 정도에 따라 일정한 변화경향을 보이지 않았다. 3. 산모 및 제대 혈중 납농도의 변화경향을 조사하기 위하여 산모 및 남편의 건강행태를 질문하여 전혀, 가끔, 자주, 매일의 4가지로 구분하여 그 정도에 따라 산모및 제대 혈중 납농도를 조사한 결과 임신중 산모의 철분복용, 비타민 복용, 화장품사용, 흡연, 음주, 커피음용에 있어서 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았으며 남편의 흡연, 음주, 커피음용의 정도에 있어서도 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 4. 모든 조사대항 요인들과 산모 및 제대혈중 납농도와의 상관관계를 조사한 결과 산모 혈중 납농도와 제대 혈중 납농도와의 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며 남편의 교육정도와는 산모 및 제대 혈중 납농도 모두에서 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. This study was performed to examine the effect of demographic and behavioral and socioeconomic factors on the maternal and cord blood lead level. Three Soon Chun Hyang University Hospitals (Seoul, Eumsung, Kumi) participated as of urban, rural, industrial areas, respectively. Blood sampling for lead and other routine tests and questionnaire were done on 306 pregnant women who were admitted to these hospitals to deliver the baby. Women who have history of disease, such as diabetes, hepatitis etc. were excluded from the analysis. The results were as follows; 1. Mean maternal age was 27.5±5.3, and mean gestational period was 39.4±3.1 weeks. Mean concentration was 4.73±1.49 ㎍/dl in maternal blood lead and 4.35±1.29 ㎍/dl in cord blood lead. there were no statistically significant differences between community areas. 2. Tendency of maternal and cord blood lead level by the degree of quartile of each demogrphic and socioeconomic variables showed no statistical significance in maternal age, baby birth weight, gestational period, family income. 3. Tendency of maternal and cord blood lead level by the degree (never, often, very often, everyday) of maternal and paternal health behavior showed no statistical significance in maternal iron supplement, vitamine intake, use of cosmetics, smoking, alcohol drinking, coffee drinking during pregnancy and paternal smoking, alcohol drinking, coffee drinking. 4. Correlation between demographic, health behavioral, socioeconomic variables and maternal and cord blood lead showed significant positive correlation between maternal and cord blood lead, and also correlation of paternal education to both maternal and cord blood lead.

漢詩가 時調에 끼친 影響 (其二) : 特히 陶 淵明 詩의 影響을 中心하여

李泰極 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1969 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.13 No.-

Following the former article, the author surveys and studies the influence of T'ao Yuan-ming's poetry upon Shicho. Yuan-ming was a great pastoral poet of the Eastern Tsin, which was preceded by the Wei Dynasty, when the Ts'ao Chi family concentrated their interests on the new form of Chinese poetry, the 5-word-line shih, as well as on the 7-word-line shih. An important group of poets of the period, known as the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, wrote lots of poems but their influence is traced little in Shicho. Judging from the social background of the Lee Dynasty, Korean way of life was slightly influenced by the Bamboo-Grovish way of living, but their poetry and nihilistic thoughts were never overflown to Korea. Nevertheless, T'ao Yuan-ming's retreated hermitage in the pastoral atmosphere influenced Korean poetry greatly. His Kuei-ch'u-lai t'zu(Returning Home), poems concerning drink and seclusion and the prose works T'ao-hua ch'uan chi(Tale of the Peach-blossom Rountain) attracted the Korean poets immensely. Those who were influenced by T'ao Yuan-ming wear Lee Hyun-bo (Song of Hyodon), Kwon Ho-mun(18 pieces on Recluse), Kim Kwang-wook(Reminiscences of Yulli), Song Soon, Lee Whang, Lee Yi, Lokye and Kosan, whose uses of phrases and tendencies show the remarkable traces of T'ao's influence. They seemed to aim at being poor but pleasant poets who enjoyed cealn, clear atmosphere of the beautiful scenery as T'ao Yuan-ming did. The author, however, found that only 4 percent of 640 pieces of Shicho that were surveyed here, were influenced by T'ao Yuan-ming. Therefore, T'ao Yuan-ming's influence on Shicho is concentrated exclusively on the aforesaid poets, not the whole area of Korean Shicho.

Breadth First Gray Quadtree : 화상의 효율적 표현법

李克(Geuk Lee),李玟奎(Min-Gyu Lee),黃熙隆(Hee-Yeung Hwang),李廷元(Jung-Won Lee) 대한전기학회 1990 전기학회논문지 Vol.39 No.5

Myosin-primed tolerogenic dendritic cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis

Lee, Jun-Ho,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Park, Hyo Eun,Lee, Eun Gae,Jung, Nam-Chul,Song, Jie-Young,Seo, Han Geuk,Seung, Ki-Bae,Chang, Kiyuk,Lim, Dae-Seog Oxford University Press 2014 Cardiovascular research Vol.101 No.2

<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>Autoimmunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and giant cell myocarditis. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is a mouse model of myocarditis that is induced by cardiac myosin. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) are used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive targets in a number of autoimmune disease models, but their effect on EAM has not been addressed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tDC therapy in an EAM mouse model can suppress inflammatory myocarditis, a potential precursor of dilated cardiomyopathy.</P><P><B>Methods and results</B></P><P>tDCs were generated by treating immature DCs (imDCs) with TNF-α and cardiac myosin. Mice with EAM were injected twice with tDCs (with a 1-week interval) at three doses (2 × 10<SUP>5</SUP>, 1 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>, or 2 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>). The severity of myocarditis was histopathologically assessed. The phenotypes of the DC and regulatory T (Treg) cell populations were determined by flow cytometry and the effect of tDCs on autoimmunity-inducing cytokines was examined by ELISA. Myosin-pulsed tDCs displayed lower levels of DC-related surface markers and expressed higher levels of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) than mature DCs (mDCs). Histopathological examination revealed that hearts from tDC-treated mice showed markedly reduced myocardial inflammation compared with those of untreated EAM mice. These therapeutic effects by tDCs were mediated at least by enhanced myosin-specific Treg cell induction and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Taken together, these results show for the first time that myosin-pulsed tDCs ameliorate EAM, and that this occurs most likely via the induction of antigen-specific Treg cells.</P>

Tolerogenic dendritic cells show gene expression profiles that are different from those of immunogenic dendritic cells in DBA/1 mice

Lee, Eun Gae,Jung, Nam-Chul,Lee, Jun-Ho,Song, Jie-Young,Ryu, Sang-Young,Seo, Han Geuk,Han, Sung Gu,Ahn, Keun Jae,Hong, Kwan Soo,Choi, Jinjung,Lim, Dae-Seog Informa UK (Informa Healthcare) 2016 Autoimmunity Vol.49 No.2

Erratum to: Effects of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Leaf Hot Water Extracts on the Quality and Stability of Eggs using Ultrasonication Treatment during Storage

Lee, Jihye,Seo, Han Geuk,Lee, Chi-Ho Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.1

THI 52 Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in RAW 264.7 Cells and Rat Lung Tissue by Lipopolysaccharide

Lee, Bog-Kyu,Park, Min-Kyu,Seo, Han-Geuk,YunChoi, Hye-Sook,Lee, Duck-Hyung,Chang, Ki-Churl The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2001 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.5 No.5

Previously we reported that THI 52 inhibits tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ mRNA expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages exposed to LPS plus $IFN-{\gamma}.$ In the present study, the effects of THI 52 on vascular reactivity ex vivo, and iNOS protein expression (rat lung) were investigated in LPS-treated rats. Treatment of THI 52 concentration-dependently reduced not only serum nitrite production but also the expression of iNOS protein in rat lung tissues. Thoracic aorta taken from LPS injected rat for 8 h ex vivo resulted in suppression of vasoconstrictor effects to phenylephrine (PE), which was restored by THI 52 (20 mg/kg) 30 min prior to LPS. When measured iNOS activity, treatment of THI 52 concentration-dependently reduced the enzyme activity in RAW 264.7 cells activated with LPS plus $IFN-{\gamma}.$ Likewise, iNOS activity was significantly reduced in lung tissues taken those rats that were injected THI 52 prior to LPS injection compared with LPS injection alone. These results strongly suggest that THI 52 can suppress iNOS gene expression induced by LPS, and restore the vascular contractility to PE. Thus, THI 52, a new synthetic isoquinoline alkaloid, may be beneficial in inflammatory disorders where production of NO is excessed by iNOS expression.

Involvement of nuclear factor κB in up-regulation of aldose reductase gene expression by 12-<i>O</i>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in HeLa cells

Lee, Young Sook,Paek, Kyung Shin,Kang, Eun Sil,Jang, Han-su,Kim, Hyo Jung,Kang, Young Jin,Kim, Jin-Hoi,Lee, Hoon Taek,Lee, Jae Heun,Chang, Ki Churl,Nishinaka, Toru,Seo, Han Geuk Elsevier 2005 The international journal of biochemistry & cell b Vol.37 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the up-regulation of aldose reductase observed in many cancer cells, we investigated the signal transduction pathways mediating induction of aldose reductase gene expression by 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a potent tumor promoter. A maximum of four-fold induction in aldose reductase mRNA was demonstrated in HeLa cells treated with 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The increased level of aldose reductase transcript was accompanied by the elevated level of enzyme activity, and completely abolished in the presence of actinomycin D. Inhibitors of protein kinase C, bisindolylmaleimide I and calphostin C, as well as inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, genistein and tyrphostin A23, significantly attenuated 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced increase in aldose reductase mRNA. Blockade of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by SB203580 also suppressed 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced aldose reductase expression. The promoter activity of aldose reductase gene was significantly augmented in the cells treated with 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, but attenuated in the presence of bisindolylmaleimide I, tyrphostin A23 or SB203580. Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, a nuclear factor κB inhibitor, dose-dependently suppressed 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced increase in aldose reductase mRNA. 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate augmented the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor κB and nuclear factor κB-dependent gene transcription, and these effects were attenuated by bisindolylmaleimide I or tyrphostin A23, but not by SB203580. Taken together, activation of protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase by 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate elicits increased promoter activity of aldose reductase gene via nuclear factor κB. A p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, distinct from the tyrosine kinase pathway, may also take part in 12-<I>O</I>-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced increase in aldose reductase gene expression.</P>