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김성곤,민영기,이덕기,김미영,송영상,권도훈,고영훈,박제민,정병선 대한생물치료정신의학회 2003 생물치료정신의학 Vol.9 No.1
목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 한국인 남자 알코올 의존 환자의 기질적 특성을 Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI)를 이용하여 조사하는 것이다. 방 법: DSM-Ⅳ 진단 기준에 맞는 알코올 의존 환자 30명과 정상인 36명을 대상으로 연구학적 특성을 조사하고, 기질적 특성을 한글판 TCI를 이용하여 조사하였다. 모든 대상자의 나이는 30~60세였다. 결 과: 1) 두 군간 평균 나이는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 교육 정도와 결혼을 유지하고 있는 비율 및 취업률은 알코올 의존군이 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 2) 알코올 의존군에서는 정상 대조군에 비해 Harm Avoidance(HA) 점수와 Self-transcendence(ST)점수는 유의하게 높았으며, Self-directiveness(SD)점수는 유의하게 낮았다. 3) 알코올 의존군 내에서의 각 척도들 간의 상관관계는, HA와 SD 점수, HA와 Persistence(PE) 점수, ST와 SD 점수는 각각 유의한 음의 상관관계, ST와 PE 점수, SD 점수와 Cooperativeness(CO) 점수, Reward Dependence(RD)와 CO 점수는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론: 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 한국인 남성에서 수줍음을 잘 타며, 걱정도 많고, 염세적이고 쉽게 피로해지는 기질적 특성이 알코올 의존과 연관성이 있음을 의미한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to assess the temperament of male parients with alcohol dependence. Methods : The subjects were 30 patients who met DSM-Ⅳ criteria for alcohol dependence and 36 normal controls. All subjects completed Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI) which was developed by Cloninger. Results : 1) The educational level, marital status, and occupation in alcohol dependence group were significantly lower than those of normal control group, but there was no difference in the age between two groups. 2) Among the scores of TCI, the score of harm avoidance(HA) and self-transcendence(ST) were significantly higher in the alcohol dependence group than in the normal control group. 3) In the alcohol dependence group, a significant negative correlation among the scores of TCI was between HA and SD, HA and Persistence(PE), ST and SD, and positive correlation between ST and PE, SD and Cooperativeness(CO), Reward Dependence(RD) and CO. Conclusion : These results suggest that shy, fearful, pessimistic and fatigable temperament are related to developing alcohol dependence in Korean males.
사료내 쑥 첨가가 육체의 성장률, 영양소 이용율, 복강내 지방에 미치는 영향
Lee Sung-Jin,Song Ki-Duk,Ko Yung-Du,Kim Chang-Hyun 한국유기농업학회 2010 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.18 No.3
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of wormwood (Artemisia sp.) addition on the growth performance, nutrients utilization and abdominal fat deposition of broiler chickens. Two hundred twenty five and two-day old Arboracre strain male commercial broiler chicks were distributed to 5 treatments with wormwood supplementation levels; C(0%), T₁ (1%), T₂ (3%), T₃ (5%), and T₄ (10%) and with 3 replications each with 5 birds for five weeks. Body weight gain during the experiment was improved in T₁ (1723.0g) compared with that of T₃ (1557.7g) and T₄ (1450.7g) (P<0.05). Feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) increased as the levels of wormwood addition increased (C: 2653.8g, T₁: 2852.0, T₂: 2900.3, T₃: 2900.7g, T₄: 2954.7g). Feed conversion rate (feed/gain) was significantly (P<0.05) increased as the levels of wormwood addition increased (C: 1.55, T₁: 1.66, T₂: 1.70, T₃: 1.86, T₄: 2.04). The days reaching to 2.0㎏ of body weight were expected to be 43.2 days in control, whereas those of group T₁ were reduced to 42.6 days by 0.6 day from control. Nutrient utilization and abdominal fat deposition in the experiment were significantly decreased (P<0.05) and small intestine contents in the broilers was significantly increased (P<0.05) as the levels of wormwood addition increased. Therefore, although there was no significant improvement for the performance of broiler chickens with the dietary supplementation of wormwood meal, less than 1% addition of wormwood to broiler diets might have beneficial for human health by reducing the abdominal fat deposition of the broiler chickens.
Ko, Ki-Young,Huh, Young-Duk,Do, Young-Rag Korean Chemical Society 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.4
We report the cathodoluminescence and aging properties of a series of green phosphors of formula $Sr_{1-x}M_xGa_2S_4$:Eu (x = 0.0-1.0, M = Ba or Ca) that have potential applications in field emission displays (FEDs). The series of phosphors was synthesized via NaBr-aided solid-state reactions in a flowing $H_2S$ stream. A low level ($\sim$20%) of Ba or Ca substitution for Sr in $SrGa_2S_4$:Eu maintains the orthorhombic phase of pure $SrGa_2S_4$:Eu phosphors. Further, a low level ($\sim$20%) of Ba or Ca substitution for Sr in $SrGa_2S_4$:Eu provides various green colors and sufficient brightness for FED applications. Substitution of Ba or Ca for Sr in $SrGa_2S_4$:Eu also improved the stability of the phosphor when it was operated under electron-beam irradiation of 5 kV.
Ki-Duk Kwon,Semi Jeong,Hyunchul Choi,Seong-Young Ko,Jong-Oh Park,Sukho Park 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
The purpose of this paper is the dynamic locomotion control using a reinforcement learning of a microrobot with electromagnetic actuation (EMA) system based on Helmholtz, Maxwell and saddle type coils. The previous locomotion controls of the microrobot using EMA system have not considered the environmental disturbances such as an electromagnetic distortions and a blood flow. However, for the dynamic control of the microrobot in intravascular treatments, we should consider severe disturbances from the electromagnetic distortions and the pulsatile flow. Reinforcement learning is the machine learning in which a microrobot learns from indirect, delayed reward an optimal policy to choose sequences of actions that produce the greatest cumulative reward. The biggest problem of monolithic reinforcement learning is that its straight forward applications do not successfully scale up to more complex environments due to the intractable large space of states. In order to address this problem, we suggest adaptive mediation-based modular Q-learning (AMMQL) as an improvement of the existing modular Q-learning. This paper introduces the concept of AMMQL and presents details of its application into dynamic locomotion of EMA System.
Ko, Hyung-Duk,Lee, Choong-Sun,Kim, Ki-Chul,Lee, Jae-Seok,Tai, Weon-Pil,Suh, Su-Jeong,Kim, Young-Sung The Korea Association of Crystal Growth 2004 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.14 No.4
We have investigated the structural, electrical and optical properties of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films grown on glass substrate by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering as functions of pulse frequency and substrate temperature. A highly c-axis oriented AZO thin film is grown in perpendicular to the substrate when pulse frequency of 30 kHz and substrate temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ was applied. Under this optimized growth condition, the resistivity of AZO thin films exhibited $7.40\times 10^{-4}\Omega \textrm{cm}$. This indicated that the decrease of film resistivity resulted from the improvement of film crystallinity. The optical transmittance spectra of the films showed a very high transmittance of 85∼90 % in the visible wavelength region and exhibited the absorption edge of about 350 nm. The results show the potential application for transparent conductivity oxide (TCO) thin films.
( Myong Ki Baeg ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Yun Duk Jung ),( Sun Hye Ko ),( Chul Hyun Lim ),( Hyung Hun Kim ),( Jin Su Kim ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ),( Sang Woo Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.1
Background/Aims: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and colorectal neoplasms (CRNs) share risk factors. We aimed to investigate whether the CRN risk is increased in ESCC patients. Methods: ESCC patients who underwent a colonoscopy within 1 year of diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were matched 1:3 by age, gender, and body mass index to asymptomatic controls. CRN was defined as the histological confirmation of adenoma or adenocarcinoma. Advanced CRN was defined as any of the following: ≥3 adenomas, high-grade dysplasia, villous features, tumor ≥1 cm, or adenocarcinoma. The risk factors for both CRN and advanced CRN were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Sixty ESCC patients were compared with 180 controls. The ESCC group had significantly higher numbers of CRNs (odds ratio [OR], 2.311; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.265 to 4.220; p=0.006) and advanced CRNs (OR, 2.317; 95% CI, 1.185 to 4.530; p=0.013). Significant risk factors for both CRN and advanced CRN by multivariate analysis included ESCC (OR, 2.157, 95% CI, 1.106 to 4.070, p=0.024; and OR, 2.157, 95% CI, 1.045 to 4.454, p=0.038, respectively) and older age (OR, 1.068, 95% CI, 1.032 to 1.106, p<0.001; and OR, 1.065, 95% CI, 1.024 to 1.109, p=0.002, respectively). Conclusions: The rates of CRN and advanced CRN are significantly increased in ESCC. Colonoscopy should be considered at ESCC diagnosis. (Gut Liver 2016;10:76-82)
정기화,정나아,김은선,고경환,조덕원,정주희 德成女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2008 藥學論文誌 Vol.19 No.-
Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) posted amendments on November 17, 2008 to include general foods such as cooking oil and soy in the category of health/functional foods. So far, health/functional foods have been restricted to six types― ― tablets, powders, granules, solutions, pills, and capsules, which has been relaxed to any types in the revision of Article 3 (defined) of the law on health/functional foods on March 21, 2008. However, health/functional foods, being manufactured for its efficacy, incur concerns of excessive intake and side effects. To address such concerns the efficacy, standardization and safety of health/functional foods should go through thorough scientific validation process. In addition, the revision on the law relaxing the type of health/functional food may increase the possibility of overdose, which requires to consider both the extra intake from regular diets and from the transformed or side―materials in validating the overall intake. Therefore, health/functional food evaluation system should be improved continuously to ensure safe and reliable products and enable development of related industries, which requires systematic management of the balanced development of industries. Toward the goal, government, academia, and industry should make joint efforts to protect consumers from the hype of commercials and to promote the development of high-value health/functional food industry.
경추 신경근 병변 환자의 상지 저림 증상에 대한 한방치험 1례
노덕희 ( Duk Hee Nho ),김슬기 ( Seul Ki Kim ),고석재 ( Seok Jae Ko ),한가진 ( Ga Jin Han ),박재우 ( Jae Woo Park ) 대한면역약침학회 2012 대한면역약침학회지 Vol.1 No.1
Objectives: This study is to report the clinical effect of Korean medicine treatment on the patient who has suffered from numbness of upper extremities induced by cervical radiculopathy. Methods & Results: The patient received herbal medication, acupuncture, moxibustion, Pharmacoacupunture, Transcutaneous-electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) during hospitalization (About 6 weeks). Numbness of right upper extremity markedly improved after receiving pharmacoacupuncture treatment, however numbness of left upper extremity reduced slighty. Conclusions: This case shows that Korean medicine treatment, particulary pharmacoacupuncture treatment might be a effective treatment for cervical radiculopathy.