일반논문 1 : 김종익의 유언과 경성여자의학전문학교 설립과정

백운기 ( Woon Ki Paik ),김상덕 ( Sang Duk Kim ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2011 연세의사학 Vol.14 No.1

Dr. Rosetta Hall, an American missionary physician, and Dr. Jeong-hee Gil, a young Korean physician, founded the Joseon (Keijo) Women`s Training Institute in 1928. Between 1933 and 1937, Dr. Gil and her husband, Dr. Kim Tak-won, maintained and financed the medical institute. Supporting the institute placed a heavy burden on the young doctors who were just establishing their private medical practice. Despite this burden, they undertook the work necessary to elevate the institute to a full medical college. In order to generate the substantial funds needed to establish the medical college, they created a foundation for the “creation of a women`s medical college” in 1934 and solicited funding. In 1937, a philanthropist interested in furthering education, Mr. Kim Jong-ik, agreed to donate the funding necessary to elevate the institute to a medical college. Mr. Kim, however, unexpectedly contracted dysentery and died. In his will, Mr. Kim bequeathed a portion of his estate to upgrading the institute to a medical college. The executor, contrary to Mr. Kim`s intent as set forth in his will, however, did not use the funds to elevate the institute, but rather established a completely new women`s medial college. The executor`s actions were a clear violation of Drs. Kim`s and Gil`s legal rights as beneficiaries under the will. They, nonetheless, accepted the outcome, because challenging the executor`s actions under Japanese rule would have been futile as Dr. Kim was a noted anti-Japanese patriot well known to the Japanese. Moreover, Sato Gozo had been Dr. Kim`s teacher at the Keijo Medical College. Most importantly, their dream of establishing a women`s medical college in Korea had been realized regardless of how. Regardless of whether the institute had been elevated to a medical college or not, Drs. Kim Tak-won and Gil Jeong-hee made great sacrifices to further the education of women medical doctors in Korea and should be recognized for their great contributions to the creation of Korea Women`s Medical College.

Comparison of Characteristics of Soybean Varieties Grown in a Green House and open Field for Leaf Use

Kim, Yong_Duk,Yang, Young_Taek,Kim, Kyung_Ho,Kim, Sung_Taek,Kang, Hyoung_Shick 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

Jeju islanders consume soybean leaves as a wrapping for slices of raw fish and pork, eating mainly the young, raw, but fully extended leaf. These leaves are known to contain several kinds of functioning compounds, such as amino acids, isoflavones, flavonoids and pterocarpans. Farmers grow soybean leaves, but different soybean varieties and their characteristics for soybean leaf production have not been studied. Therefore, this study compared agronomic characteristics and iso flavones among varieties grown in a green house and in an open field. The results were as follows: There were differences in agronomic characteristics among the varieties and between places grown; generally, indoor growing produced bigger and more abundant leaves of higher quality. There were also differences in isoflavone contents in soybean leaves. Soybean leaves harvested earlier contained higher amounts in total concentration. Plants grown outside showed slightly higher but, different concentrations of the compunds studied. These results indicate that it is possible to control the isoflavone levels with varieties used, and harvest time and place.

The level of urinary aflatoxin M1 in Korean adults

Yong-Dae Kim1, Hyojin Kwon, Sun-In Moon, Sang-Yong Eom, Jung-Duk Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Seok-Joon Sohn, Young-Seoub Hong, Ho Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ji-Ae Lim, Hae-Jung Yoon, Gwang-Jin Kim, Heon Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Competitive ELISA methods were used to measure the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from urine in 1008 Korean adults. Subjects were selected by random sampling in all areas of Korea, except Cheju-do. The recovery rate of AFM1 using this method was 105% (73-124%). The geometric mean of urinary AFM1 in all subjects was 3.43 pg/mL (3.67 ng/g creatinine). The level of AFM1 in males was statistically higher, compared with female subjects. However, the levels of AFM1 did not differ according to age. Subjects in Chungbuk-do showed the highest urinary AFM1 concentration, whereas subjects in Kyeongnam-do showed the lowest concentration. Assuming an excretion rate of 5%, this AFM1 excretion corresponds to approximately 0.1 microgram/day in Korean adults.

경성여자의학전문학교 창립의 주체였던 김탁원,길정희부부는 왜 실제 설립 과정에서 제외되었는가?

백운기 ( Woon Kee Baik ),김상덕 ( Sang Duk Kim ) 연세대학교 의과대학 의사학과 의학사연구소 2010 연세의사학 Vol.13 No.1

Chosun (a.k.a. Keijo) Women``s Medical Training Institute was founded in 1928 as a joint effort between an American missionary physician named Dr. Rosetta Sherwood Hall and one of Korea’s first female physicians, Dr. Kil Chung-Hee. In 1932, in anticipation of her retirement, Dr. Hall transferred full responsibility for the Institute to Dr. Kil and her husband Dr. Kim Taik-Won, a neuropsychiatrist. Unfortunately, following Dr. Hall``s departure to America in 1933, funding from Dr. Hall’s missionary society was discontinued. This prompted an evacuation of the Institute’s lecture halls and teaching laboratories. As a result of this change in finances, the Institute’s operations were transported to, and maintained exclusively at, Drs. Kim and Kil``s private residence. During this interim period, the institute was sustained financially by this husband and wife team. In addition to these new found financial difficulties, there were ongoing political hardships. In an effort to alleviate these various difficulties, the couple decided to pursue the task of upgrading the Institute to a standard medical college. As a first step toward this goal, in 1934, the couple established a foundation for the “creation of a women``s medical college”. This undertaking (i.e., the creation of a medical college) required a large amount of funding. Therefore, the couple became actively engaged in the solicitation of funding for this purpose. In 1937, an education philanthropist named Mr. Kim Chong-Ik agreed to donate substantial funds for the purpose of establishing the women’s medical college. As fate would have it, however, / 49 he unexpectedly contracted dysentery and died suddenly. The application for the creation of a women``s medical college was filed and approved in 1938 by the Japanese Governor-General. Thus, the first class of students in the newly created medical college was enrolled on May 1, 1938. Curiously, however, neither Dr. Kim nor Dr. Kil was named in the charter. Although one could presuppose various reasons to explain how this omission occurred, there is one undeniable aspect of history that makes clear and cogent sense in this regard. It is now known that Dr. Kim was a leading activist for Korean independence from Japan during the 1920’s and 1930’s. He was regarded as an agitator by the Japanese occupation government and viewed as an undesirable, rebellious, anti-Japanese element. The South Korean government, in recognition of his heroic deeds during that period of Japanese occupation, posthumously awarded the Ae-Jok Jan(humanitarian award) to Dr. Kim Taik-Won on August 15, 2007. On July 4, 2008, his remains were subsequently transferred, along with his professional partner and wife Dr. Kil Chung-Hee, to the Korean National Cemetery in Daejon, South Korea. If one considers the political climate that existed in Korea in the late 1930’s under Japanese occupation, it stands to reason that any medical college application that included an anti-Japanese activist such as Kim Taik-Won would be doomed to fail. I believe that the absence of Drs. Kim Taik-Won and Kil Chung-Hee’s names from the medical college charter was a rational, politically motivated act of omission.

Underestimation of Smoking Rates in an East Asian Population with Crohn`s Disease

( Sung Wook Hwang ),( Hyungil Seo ),( Gwang-un Kim ),( Eun Mi Song ),( Myeongsook Seo ),( Sang Hyoung Park ),( Eunja Kwon ),( Ho-su Lee ),( Dong-hoon Yang ),( Kyung-jo Kim ),( Byong Duk Ye ),( Jeong-s 대한소화기학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.1

Background/Aims: The reported rates of current smoking at the time of Crohn`s disease (CD) diagnosis tend to be low in East Asian studies. However, we hypothesized that East Asian patients may be reluctant to disclose their smoking history, likely because of the influence of the Confucian culture. Methods: We prospectively re-evaluated the smoking status at diagnosis in 1,437 Korean CD patients whose smoking status had been reported in our previous study. Results: After re-evaluation, the current smokers at diagnosis increased from 388 patients (27.0%) to 445 patients (31.0%), indicating that 12.8% (57 of 445 patients) of the current smokers at diagnosis did not disclose their smoking status at their initial evaluation. The proportion of current smokers at diagnosis who had initially concealed their smoking status was significantly higher among the female patients (29.7%, 11/37) compared with the male patients (11.3%, 46/408) (p< 0.005) and among the patients who were ≤18 years old at diagnosis (56.4%, 22/39) compared with the patients >18 years old at diagnosis (8.6%, 35/406) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Subgroups of Korean CD patients, particularly young patients and female patients, are reluctant to disclose their smoking history. Therefore, the suggestion that smoking is not a risk factor for the development of CD in East Asians should be made with caution. (Gut Liver 2017;11:73-78)

Baumann Skin Type in the Korean Female Population

( Sung Ku Ahn ),( Myungsoo Jun ),( Hana Bak ),( Byung Duk Park ),( Seung Phil Hong ),( Sang-Hoon Lee ),( Seong-Jin Kim ),( Hyung Joo Kim ),( Dong Hoon Song ),( Pok Kee Min ),( Ja Woong Goo ),( Tae-Hyu 대한피부과학회 2017 Annals of Dermatology Vol.29 No.5

Background: To meet the need for a subspecialized skin type system, the Baumann skin type (BST) system was proposed. Objective: To evaluate the distribution of BST types and influencing factors among Korean women. Methods: BST questionnaires were administered to 1,000 Korean women. The possible responses were as follows: oily (O) or dry (D), sensitive (S) or resistant (R), pigmented (P) or non-pigmented (N), and wrinkled (W) or tight (T). The correlations of the BST with the subjects` age, location, ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure, drinking and smoking habits, and blood type were assessed. Results: The OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW skin types were the most common skin types (55.3%). The O, S, P, and W types accounted for 46.6%, 68.8%, 23.2%, and 31.9%, respectively. The proportion of the O and S type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (55.0%) and Seoul (77.2%). The proportion of the P and W type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (33.0%) and Chungcheong-do (39.0%). The O type decreased in the higher age group, whereas the P and W type showed a reversed tendency. In smokers, the proportion of W type was significantly higher than in the non-smokers (66.3% vs. 24.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The 4 most common BST types were OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW. In the comparison across the 4 BST parameters according to the age, region, smoking and drinking habits, occupation, blood type, and UV exposure, significant differences were observed. Individualized and customized skin care is required according to the personal skin type. (Ann Dermatol 29(5) 586∼596, 2017)

Ctbp2-mediated β-catenin regulation is required for exit from pluripotency

Kim, Tae Wan,Kwak, Sojung,Shin, Jihoon,Kang, Byung-Hee,Lee, Sang-Eun,Suh, Min Young,Kim, Jae-Hwan,Hwang, In-Young,Lee, Jong-Hyuk,Choi, Jinmi,Cho, Eun-Jung,Youn, Hong-Duk Nature Publishing Group 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.10

<P>The canonical Wnt pathway is critical for embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and aberrant control of β-catenin leads to failure of exit from pluripotency and lineage commitments. Hence, maintaining the appropriate level of β-catenin is important for the decision to commit to the appropriate lineage. However, how β-catenin links to core transcription factors in ESCs remains elusive. C-terminal-binding protein (CtBP) in <I>Drosophila</I> is essential for Wnt-mediated target gene expression. In addition, Ctbp acts as an antagonist of β-catenin/TCF activation in mammals. Recently, Ctbp2, a core Oct4-binding protein in ESCs, has been reported to play a key role in ESC pluripotency. However, the significance of the connection between Ctbp2 and β-catenin with regard to ESC pluripotency remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that C-terminal-binding protein 2 (Ctbp2) associates with major components of the β-catenin destruction complex and limits the accessibility of β-catenin to core transcription factors in undifferentiated ESCs. <I>Ctbp2</I> knockdown leads to stabilization of β-catenin, which then interacts with core pluripotency-maintaining factors that are occupied by Ctbp2, leading to incomplete exit from pluripotency. These findings suggest a suppressive function for Ctbp2 in reducing the protein level of β-catenin, along with priming its position on core pluripotency genes to hinder β-catenin deposition, which is central to commitment to the appropriate lineage.</P>

Impacts of Geographical Location and Construction Type on As-Built Roughness in Highway Pavement Construction

Duk Gyoo Lee,Sung-Keun Kim 대한토목학회 2005 KSCE journal of civil engineering Vol.9 No.6

The comparative study in use of Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs effects on bone mineral density between Rheumatoid arthritis and Osteoarthritis

( Sang Yeob Lee ),( Yong Jun Kim ),( Sang Hyeon Kang ),( Dong Yeol Lee ),( Duk Song Cho ),( Kyong Han Kim ),( Won Tae Chung ),( Sung Won Lee ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

The NSAIDs and celecoxib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis had been used for a long time.However, in vitro animal model, these drugs had been reported that inhibit PGE2 and suppressed the PGE2 production by osteoblasts is involved in the mechanism of bone resorption recently. so the influence of NSAIDs and celecoxib on the patient`s actual bone density was studied. We enrolled 445 patients (Rheumatoid arthritis 256, Osteoarthritis 189), and investigated an use of NSAIDs effects on bone mineral density. All patients included in the study of the patients receiving bisphosphonate. To evaluation of bone mineral density, the Hologic QDR dual energy x ray absorptiometry was regularly performed at intervals of one year, but one-year intervals to observe changes in bone mineral density thought to be too short observation period, two-year trend of change in bone mineral density measured. The NSAIDs administered in each of the patients and the NSAIDs have adverse effects on patients were treated on behalf of celecoxib. Both patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the average steroid prednisolone 10 mg / day was in use, the NSAIDs of the 140 people, the celecoxib was used the 116 patients. The patients with osteoarthritis did not use steroids, NSAIDs was used 106 patients, celecoxib was used 83 patients. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the average disease duration of 8 years, the average age is 70 years old and received treatment with NSAIDs or celecoxib period was an average of 4 years, in patients with degenerative arthritis, 7.8 years, 69 years old, was 3 years. During the observation period of the average change of the T-score showed increased in both groups. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, lumbar portion of 0.11, hip portion 0.01, and patients with degenerative arthritis, lumbar portion 0.15, hip portion 0.06, were increased. Statistically in the groups with the administration of NSAIDs or celecoxib on bone mineral density did not affect. However, The use of bisposphonate was significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, the treatment of NSAIDs or celecoxib did not affect bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis patients or patients with degenerative arthritis.

Pentacene OTFT's with PVA Pentacene OTFTs with PVA Gate Insulators on a Flexible Substrate

Sung Hun Jin,Byung-Gook Park,Chun An Lee,Jae Sung Yu,Jin Wook Kim,Jong Duk Lee 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.1

The characteristics of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and cross-linked PVA were analyzed in terms of the leakage current, the dielectric constant, and the immunity against moisture. For a crosslinked PVA, the leakage current at the same electric eld was two orders of magnitude smaller than it was for PVA. Furthermore, the dielectric constant of cross-linked PVA was a little smaller and was less susceptible to changes in the frequency than that of PVA. However, organic thin lm transistors (OTFTs) with cross-linked PVA show unsaturated output characteristics even at a drain bias of ..50 V. Inserting a poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA) buer layer overcame the unsaturated output characteristics of OTFTs with cross-linked PVA gate insulators. In addition, the on-off current ratio, the subthreshold slope, and the threshold voltage were noticeably improved after the buer-layer insertion.