http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Recent trends in opioid prescriptions in Korea from 2002 to 2015 based on the Korean NHIS-NSC cohort
Kim Joungyoun,신상준,Jihyun Yoon,김형섭,이재우,Kim Ye-seul,김용환,You Hyo-Sun,Kang Hee-Taik 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-
OBJECTIVES: Opioids are prescribed to treat moderate to severe pain. We investigated recent trends in opioid (morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl, and hydromorphone) prescriptions using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2015. METHODS: The morphine milligram equivalent (MME) was calculated to standardize the relative potency of opioids. The number (cases) or amount (MME) of annual opioid prescriptions per 10,000 registrants was computed to analyze trends in opioid prescriptions after age standardization. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to calculate the annual percentage change and average annual percentage change (AAPC). RESULTS: The number (cases) of prescriptions per 10,000 registrants increased from 0.07 in 2002 to 41.23 in 2015 (AAPC, 76.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 61.6 to 91.7). The MME per 10,000 registrants increased from 15.06 in 2002 to 40,727.80 in 2015 (AAPC, 103.0%; 95% CI, 78.2 to 131.3). The highest AAPC of prescriptions and MME per 10,000 registrants were observed in the elderly (60-69 years) and in patients treated at general hospitals. Fentanyl prescriptions increased most rapidly among the 4 opioids. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of opioids greatly increased in Korea over the 14-year study period.
Joungyoun Kim,Yoon-Jong Bae,Hee-Taik Kang 대한가정의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.43 No.5
Background: In addition to its antidiabetic effects, metformin has pleiotropic effects, such as the inhibition of carci-nogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between metformin use and pancreatic cancer risk in the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-National Health Screening Cohort (HEALS).Methods: Of the individuals in the Korean NHIS-HEALS, 29,271 men and 19,091 women were included in the final analysis after propensity score matching based on age, body mass index, and smoking status. The study population was categorized into three groups: metformin non-users with diabetes mellitus (DM), metformin users with DM, and non-diabetic users. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the association be-tween metformin use and pancreatic cancer.Results: The median follow-up period was 12.9 years. The estimated pancreatic cancer incidence was highest in metformin users with DM, regardless of sex (P<0.001), and lowest in non-diabetic men and female metformin non-users (P=0.053). The hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for pancreatic cancer incidence in metformin users and non-diabetic individuals were 1.116 (0.648–1.923) and 0.447 (0.259–0.771) in men and 2.769 (1.003–7.642) and 1.451 (0.529–3.984) in women, respectively, after full adjustment.Conclusion: Women with diabetes using metformin are at a higher risk of pancreatic cancer than women with dia-betes not using metformin. Meanwhile, men with DM using metformin have a similar risk of pancreatic cancer as men with DM not using metformin.
A peeling algorithm for multiple testing on a random field
Kim, Joungyoun,Yu, Donghyeon,Lim, Johan,Won, Joong-Ho Springer-Verlag 2018 COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS Vol.33 No.1
<P>The optimal decision rule for testing hypothesis using observations or statistics on a two-dimensional lattice system is theoretically well-understood since Sun and Cai (J R Stat Soc Ser B (Stat Methodol) 71(2):393-424, 2009). However, its practical use still faces several difficulties that include the computation of the local index of significance (LIS). In this paper, we propose a peeling algorithm to compute the LIS, or equivalently the marginal posterior probability for the indicator of the true hypothesis for each site. We show that the proposed peeling algorithm has several advantages over the popular Markov chain Monte Carlo methods through an extensive numerical study. An application of the peeling algorithm to finding active voxels in a task-based fMRI experiment is also presented.</P>
Acid-Degradable Cationic Poly(ketal amidoamine) for Enhanced RNA Interference In Vitro and In Vivo
Lim, Hyungsuk,Noh, Joungyoun,Kim, Yerang,Kim, Hyungmin,Kim, Jihye,Khang, Gilson,Lee, Dongwon American Chemical Society 2013 Biomacromolecules Vol.14 No.1
<P>Efficient delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) is one of major challenges in the successful applications of siRNA in clinic. In the present study, we report a new acid-degradable poly(ketal amidoamine) (PKAA) as a siRNA carrier, which has high delivery efficiency and low cytotoxicity. PKAA was designed to have acid-cleavable ketal linkages in the backbone of cationic biodegradable poly(amidoamine). PKAA efficiently self-assembled with siRNA to form nanocomplexes with a diameter of ∼200 nm and slightly positive charges, which are stable under physiological conditions, but rapidly release siRNA at acidic pH. PKAA exhibited sufficient buffering capability and endosomolytic activity due mainly to the presence of secondary amine groups in its backbone and rapid degradation in acidic endosomes, leading to the enhanced release of siRNA to cytoplasm. Cell culture studies demonstrated that PKAA is capable of delivering anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α siRNA to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and significantly inhibits the expression of TNF-α. A mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure was used to evaluate <I>in vivo</I> siRNA delivery efficacy of PKAA. PKAA/anti-TNF-α siRNA nanocomplexes significantly reduced the ALT (alanine transaminase) and the hepatic cellular damages in APAP-intoxicated mice. We anticipate that acid-degradable PKAA has great potential as siRNA carriers based on its excellent biocompatibility, pH sensitivity, potential endosomolytic activity, and high delivery efficiency.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bomaf6/2013/bomaf6.2013.14.issue-1/bm301669e/production/images/medium/bm-2012-01669e_0013.gif'></P>
김정연,Kim, Joungyoun 한국통계학회 2014 응용통계연구 Vol.27 No.4
본 연구는 시간의 순서에 따라 순차적으로 발생한 신호 자료에 있어서, 변화점 검출을 위한 베이지안 방법을 개발하고자 한다. 특히, Reversible Jump MCMC를 이용하여, 차원이 정해지지 않은 모수 공간을 탐색할 수 있는 효율적인 베이지안 추론 모형을 개발한다. 신호가 각 구간에서 선형함수인 경우에 대한 모형과 이해가 용이한 모형을 제안하고, 추정을 위해 고유의 MCMC알고리즘을 개발하였다. 제안된 방법을 모의실험 자료에 적용함으로써 그 정확성 및 효율성을 검증하였고, 실제 자료에도 적용하여 보았다. When consecutive data follows different distributions(depending on the time interval) change-point detection infers where the changes occur first and then finds further inferences for each sub-interval. In this paper, we investigate the Bayesian detection of multiple change points. Utilizing the reversible jump MCMC, we can explore parameter spaces with unknown dimensions. In particular, we consider a model where the signal is a piecewise linear function. For the Bayesian inference, we propose a new Bayesian structure and build our own MCMC algorithm. Through the simulation study and the real data analysis, we verified the performance of our method.
Dual Imaging-Guided Oxidative-Photothermal Combination Anticancer Therapeutics
Noh, Joungyoun,Jung, Eunkyeong,Yoo, Donghyuck,Kang, Changsun,Kim, Chunho,Park, Sangjun,Khang, Gilson,Lee, Dongwon American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.47
<P>Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-response protein with potent cytoprotective and antioxidant activity, and its expression in cancer cells is enhanced in response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. HO-1 is known to serve as a shield to protect cancer cells from anticancer therapy and attenuate apoptotic signals. It can be therefore reasoned that inhibition of HO-1 reduces the antioxidant level, making cancer cells more sensitive to photothermal heating. In this work, we developed dual imaging-guided oxidative-photothermal combination nanotherapeutics (OPCN) consisting of amphiphilic polymers conjugated with zinc protoporphyrin as a HO-1 inhibitor and fluorescent IR820 as a photothermal agent. A combination of OPCN and near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation markedly increased the temperature and exerted significant toxicity through induction of apoptosis. In a mouse model of xenografts, tumors were identified by the strong fluorescence and photoacoustic signals. OPCN combined with NIR laser irradiation resulted in effective and complete thermal ablation of tumors without discernable side effects and tumor recurrence. We believe that OPCN hold tremendous translational potential for dual imaging-guided oxidative-photothermal combination anticancer therapy.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>