http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
200 GeV/핵자 유황이온과 핵건판핵의 충돌에 의해 생성된 헬륨 파쇄핵의 극한파쇄 연구
김동철,송진섭,윤천실,정성헌,박인곤,김종오,김철수,김태연,이승희,조재희,천병구,김재률,김준원,김태익,박명렬,장한일,임인택 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-
고에너지 중이온 원자핵과 핵건판의 충돌에서, 200GeV/핵자 유황이온에 의해 생성된 파쇄 헬륨핵(Z=2)의 실험실계의 방출각 분포는 표적핵에 무관한 회귀공식. dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)]로 잘 표현된다. 여기에서 의사신속도 η=-ln[tan(θ/2)]이고, y_b는 실험실계의 입사입자(^32S)의 신속도이다. 이 공식에 의한 적합에서 k=-0.057±0.008로 얻어진다. 즉, 핵건판과 고에너지 중이온의 충돌에서 파쇄 헬륨핵의 exp(η-y_b)의 분포는 "극한파쇄" 현상을 잘 설명하고 있다. The angular distribution of emission angle θ of helium (Z=2) produced in the collisions of incident particles of 200 GeV/nucleon ^32S in nuclear emulsion is well expressed by dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)] where the pseudorapidity is η=-ln[tan(θ/2)], the laboratory system primary rapidity is y_b, and k=-0.057+0.008. The shape of this frequency of occurrence distributions in terms of exp(η-y_b) attests to the validity of the concept of "limiting fragmentation" for helium projectile fragments produced in the projectile fragmentation regions of heavy ion collisions in nuclear emulsion.
Kim, Y.A.,Jeon, Y.J.,Kang, M.,Jang, S.Y.,Kim, I.B.,Lim, D.H.,Heo, Y.J.,Kim, D.Y. Elsevier Science 2017 Organic electronics Vol.46 No.-
A series of D-A type conjugated polymers based on (E)-1,2-bis(3-dodecyllthiophen-2-yl)ethene (TV) as electron donor unit and with different repeating subunits, PTVBO8, PTVBT8, PTVTBO12, and PTVTBT12 were synthesized for use in organic field effect transistors and bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics. Upon incorporation of alkoxy substituents in acceptor units, benzooxadiazole (BO) and benzothiadiazole (BT), polymer solubility improved and higher molecular weight polymers were obtained. In addition, all copolymers showed favorable thermal stability (T<SUB>d</SUB> > 300 <SUP>o</SUP>C), and low band gap properties (1.49-1.67 eV). The thiophene-flanked TV-TBX copolymers, PTVTBO12 and PTVTBT12, exhibited higher molecular weight and superior device performance in both OFETs and OPVs compared with the TV-BX copolymers. The electronic energy levels of copolymers were strongly influenced by the nature of acceptor units, while optical band gaps and shape of molecular orientation of polymer chains were affected by the presence or absence of thiophene spacer. Charge carrier mobilities in TV-TBX copolymers were 1 order of magnitude greater than in TV-BX copolymers. OFETs based on a PTVTBT12 with TG/BC configuration displayed the highest hole mobility of 0.48 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>. The photovoltaic device containing a PTVTBO12:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM (1:2 w/w) blend system exhibited best performance with a V<SUB>oc</SUB> of 0.56 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 13.1 mA cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, a fill factor (FF) of 69%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.0%.
Antiviral activity of KR-23502 targeting nuclear export of influenza B virus ribonucleoproteins
Jang, Y.,Lee, H.W.,Shin, J.S.,Go, Y.Y.,Kim, C.,Shin, D.,Malpani, Y.,Han, S.B.,Jung, Y.S.,Kim, M. Elsevier/North-Holland 2016 ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH Vol.134 No.-
<P>The spiro compound 5,6-dimethyl-3H,3'H-spiro(benzofuran-2,1'-isobenzofuran)-3,3'-dione (KR-23502) has antiviral activity against influenza A and more potently B viruses. The aim of this study is to elucidate its mechanism of action. Subcellular localization and time-course expression of influenza B viral proteins, nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein 1 (M1), showed that KR-23502 reduced their amounts within 5 h post-infection. Early steps of virus life cycle, including virus entry, nuclear localization of NP and viral RNA-dependent RNA replication, were not affected by KR-23502. Instead it interrupted a later event corresponding to nuclear export of NP and M1 proteins. Delivery of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP)-M1 complex has been known to be mediated by the viral nuclear export protein (NEP) through interaction with cellular chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1) protein. In this study, we experimentally demonstrated that the compound targets the nuclear export of vRNP. Moreover, a single mutation (aspartate to glycine) at amino acid position 54 in M1 [M1(D54G)] was detected after 18 passages in the presence of KR-23502 with a 2-fold increase in 50% effective concentration indicating that this compound has a relatively high genetic barrier to resistance. Interestingly, it was observed that proteasome-mediated degradation of M1 (D54G) was attenuated by KR-23502. In conclusion, we suggest that KR-23502 shows its anti-influenza activity by downregulating NEP/CRM1-mediated nuclear export of influenza vRNP and M1. KR-23502 provides a core chemical skeleton for further structure-based design of novel antivirals against influenza viruses. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Phospholipase D-mediated autophagic regulation is a potential target for cancer therapy
Jang, Y H,Choi, K Y,Min, D S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014 Cell death and differentiation Vol.21 No.4
Autophagy is a catabolic process in which cell components are degraded to maintain cellular homeostasis by nutrient limitations. Defects of autophagy are involved in numerous diseases, including cancer. Here, we demonstrate a new role of phospholipase D (PLD) as a regulator of autophagy. PLD inhibition enhances autophagic flux via ATG1 (ULK1), ATG5 and ATG7, which are essential autophagy gene products critical for autophagosome formation. Moreover, PLD suppresses autophagy by differentially modulating phosphorylation of ULK1 mediated by mTOR and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and by suppressing the interaction of Beclin 1 with vacuolar-sorting protein 34 (Vps34), indicating that PLD coordinates major players of the autophagic pathway, AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 and Vps34/Beclin 1. Ultimately, PLD inhibition significantly sensitized in vitro and in vivo cancer regression via genetic and pharmacological inhibition of autophagy, providing rationale for a new therapeutic approach to enhancing the anticancer efficacy of PLD inhibition. Collectively, we show a novel role for PLD in the molecular machinery regulating autophagy.
액상사료 자동급이기를 이용한 포유자돈의 조기이유가 자돈 생산성에 미치는 영향
유용희,박홍석,정일병,박준철,한정대,이덕수,장병귀 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.4
In order to investigate the performance of an automatic liquid feeder for suckling piglets that was developed recently by NLRI(National Livestock Research Institute) in Korea and the effect of its use for weaning piglets at very early age(14days of age), a feeding trial was conducted with 60 suckling piglets. The control piglets were raised by their own sows until 21d, while others were shifted to liquid feeding at 14d, for one week, then all the piglets were fed the same mash diet until 70days of age. An automatic liquid feeder imported from USA that was used by swine farmers was used for a comparative propose. The growth rate and feed utilization, diarrhea of piglets, and the development of digestive tracts were studied. Results obtained are as follows. The 21st day body weights of piglets weaned at 14d, and fed liquid diet were significantly lower(P$lt;.05) than those of the control piglets weaned at 21d,(7.10 vs 5.85 & 5.99 ㎏/head), but they grew fast and their weights exceeded those of the control piglets at 70days of age (26.42 vs. 28.88 & 27.76 ㎏/head). Consequently, their weight gain during the period of feeding mash diet were significantly higher(P$lt;.05) than those of the control piglets(19.31 vs 23.38 & 22.37 ㎏/head). There were no remarkable differences, in feed conversion ratio(1.98 vs 2.00 & 2.03). Liquid feeding showed no difference in the incidence of piglet diarrhea from each automatic liquid feeder. However, liquid feeding showed much low jejunal villi height at the 3rd day of feeding mash diet, though they were recovered at the 7th day. There was no difference in all the performance between the automatic liquid feeder developed by NLRI in Korea and the Commercial. Based on results of this study, it can be concluded that the automatic liquid feeder developed at NLRI in Korea performed successfully and can be used for weaning of piglets at very early age (14days old). It also can be said that weaning piglets at very early age would be stimulated piglet growth afterwards.
Forebrain-specific ablation of phospholipase Cγ1 causes manic-like behavior
Yang, Y R,Jung, J H,Kim, S-J,Hamada, K,Suzuki, A,Kim, H J,Lee, J H,Kwon, O-B,Lee, Y K,Kim, J,Kim, E-K,Jang, H-J,Kang, D-S,Choi, J-S,Lee, C J,Marshall, J,Koh, H-Y,Kim, C-J,Seok, H,Kim, S H,Choi, J H,Ch Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 Molecular psychiatry Vol.22 No.10
<P>Manic episodes are one of the major diagnostic symptoms in a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders that include schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder (BD). Despite a possible association between BD and the gene encoding phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1), its etiological basis remains unclear. Here, we report that mice lacking phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLC gamma 1) in the forebrain (Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII) exhibit hyperactivity, decreased anxiety-like behavior, reduced depressive-related behavior, hyperhedonia, hyperphagia, impaired learning and memory and exaggerated startle responses. Inhibitory transmission in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and striatal dopamine receptor D1-expressing neurons of Plcg1-deficient mice was significantly reduced. The decrease in inhibitory transmission is likely due to a reduced number of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic boutons, which may result from impaired localization and/or stabilization of postsynaptic CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) at inhibitory synapses. Moreover, mutant mice display impaired brain-derived neurotrophic factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase B-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, which could account for deficits of spatial memory. Lithium and valproate, the drugs presently used to treat mania associated with BD, rescued the hyperactive phenotypes of Plcg1(f/f); CaMKII mice. These findings provide evidence that PLC gamma 1 is critical for synaptic function and plasticity and that the loss of PLC gamma 1 from the forebrain results in manic-like behavior.</P>