Improving mechanical and magnetocaloric responses of amorphous melt-extracted Gd-based microwires via nanocrystallization

Belliveau, H.F.,Yu, Y.Y.,Luo, Y.,Qin, F.X.,Wang, H.,Shen, H.X.,Sun, J.F.,Yu, S.C.,Srikanth, H.,Phan, M.H. Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.692 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report on the structural, mechanical, and magnetocaloric properties of annealed melt-extracted Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> amorphous microwires of ∼70 μm diameter. During heat treatment small islands of nanocrystallities are generated and isolated in the amorphous region for the wires. The size of the nanocrystallities ranges from 5 nm to 10 nm. The observed lattice distortion from the nanocrystallities causes changes in the magnetic properties of the wires. The annealing temperature of 100 °C has the largest strength (1845 MPa) as compared to wires annealed at other temperatures. This is likely to trigger nanophase transformation in the amorphous region and these nanocrystals have been preserved through the increase of annealing temperature. The formulation of the nanocrystalline islands is also verified by the selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). The microwires exhibit a large and reversible magnetocaloric effect (MCE), with the maximum isothermal magnetic entropy change (−Δ<I>S</I> <SUB>M</SUB>) and refrigerant capacity (<I>RC</I>) values of 9.5 J/kg K and 689 J/kg respectively for the microwire annealed at 100 °C. This <I>RC</I> is about 35%, 67%, and 91% larger than those of bulk Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> (∼509 J/kg), Gd (∼410 J/kg), and Gd<SUB>5</SUB>Si<SUB>2</SUB>Ge<SUB>1.9</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.1</SUB> (∼360 J/kg) regardless of their ordering temperatures. These results demonstrate the ability to tune the mechanical and magnetic properties of the microwires by thermal annealing.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The impact of nanocrystallization in Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> microwires. </LI> <LI> Enhanced mechanical strength. </LI> <LI> Enhanced magnetocaloric response. </LI> </UL> </P>

Evaluation of mango saponin in broilers: effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical indices

Y.N. Zhang,J. Wang,B. Qi,S.G. Wu,H.R. Chen,H.Y. Luo,D.J. Yin,F.J. Lu,H.J. Zhang,G.H. Qi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine whether mango saponin (MS) could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks by evaluating growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and plasma biochemical indices. Methods: A total of 216 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.14% (MS 0.14%), or 0.28% (MS 0.28%) MS. Each treatment had six replicates (cages) with 12 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for six weeks. Results: Compared with the control, dietary supplemented with 0.14% or 0.28% MS increased average daily weight gain of chicks in the grower (22 to 42 d) and the whole (1 to 42 d) phases, and the final body weight of chicks on d 42 was higher in MS supplemented groups (p<0.05). Lower L45 min* (lightness) and L24 h* values, lower b24 h* (yellowness) value, and higher a45 min* (redness) and a24 h* values of the breast muscle were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 42 (p<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity in plasma increased in MS 0.14% group on d 21 (p<0.001). Lower contents of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 21 and d 42, whereas the group supplemented with 0.14% MS only decreased plasma triglyceride content on d 21 (p<0.05). The glucose content in plasma decreased in MS 0.28% group on d 42 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, MS could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks, and the supplemental level of 0.28% MS in diet could improve growth performance, meat quality, and plasma lipid metabolism in broiler chicks.

Effect of Extenders and Temperatures on Sperm Viability and Fertilizing Capacity of Harbin White Boar Semen during Long-term Liquid Storage

Zhou, J.B.,Yue, K.Z.,Luo, M.J.,Chang, Z.L.,Liang, H.,Wang, Z.Y.,Tan, J.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.11

In this study the effect of extenders and temperatures on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of boar sperm during long-term storage was investigated. Acrosomal integrity, membrane integrity, motility and hypo-osmotic resistance were evaluated by fluorescence and light microscopy. An in vitro fertilization test was performed to assess the fertilizing capacity of stored spermatozoa. The five diluents tested were ranked according to their ability to maintain sperm functional parameters and Zorlesco (ZO) extender with BSA or with PVA instead of BSA produced the best results. Zorlesco extender substituted with PVA (ZO+PVA) was found to maintain motility both at 15 and 20$^{\circ}C$. within 5 days of storage, but the quality of semen stored at 15$^{\circ}C$ decreased thereafter as compared to semen stored at 20$^{\circ}C$ Semen stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ demonstrated rapid loss of motility already within 24 h. Both fertilization and cleavage of semen stored at 20$^{\circ}C$ in ZO substituted with PVA instead of BSA did not change significantly until day 8 of storage. It is therefore concluded that PVA can be used to substitute for BSA and 20$^{\circ}C$ was more suitable than 15$^{\circ}C$ for boar semen storage, and in vitro fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa was maintained for at least 8 days in ZO+PVA at 20$^{\circ}C$.

Experimental Study of the Runaway Current in the J-TEXT Tokamak

Y. H. Luo,Z. Y. Chen,X. Q. Zhang,D. W. Huang,W. Jin,Y. H. Huang,Y. Tang,J. C. Li,R. H. Tong,W. Yan,G. Zhuang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.3

Major plasma disruptions in tokamaks often generate runaway currents, which contain electronswith energies of several tens of megaelectron-volts (MeV). These currents can cause substantialdamage when control is lost and the current hits the limiters or the vessel wall. The interactionbetween the runaway electrons and the impurities inside the plasma results in soft X-ray emission,which can provide detailed information about the runaway generation process and the confinementof runaway electrons. A vertical soft X-ray array at the top of Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT) was used to study the runaway beams resulting from major disruptions. Runawayelectron production and confinement of runaway current were observed by using soft X-ray images.

Upgraded high time-resolved x-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy system for J-TEXT ohmic plasmas (4 pages)

Jin, W.,Chen, Z.Y.,Huang, D.W.,Li, Q.L.,Yan, W.,Luo, Y.H.,Lee, S.G.,Shi, Y.J.,Huang, Y.H.,Tong, R.H. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 2014 Review of scientific instruments Vol.85 No.2

Taxonomy of fungal complex causing red-skin root of Panax ginseng in China

Xiao H. Lu,Xi M. Zhang,Xiao L. Jiao,Jianjun J. Hao,Xue S. Zhang,Yi Luo,Wei W. Gao 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Background: Red-skin root of Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) significantly reduces the quality and limits theproduction of ginseng in China. The disease has long been thought to be a noninfectious physiologicaldisease, except one report that proved itwas an infectious disease. However, the causal agents have not beensuccessfully determined. In the present study, we were to reveal the pathogens that cause red-skin disease. Methods: Ginseng roots with red-skin root symptoms were collected from commercial fields in NortheastChina. Fungi were isolated from the lesion and identified based on morphological characters alongwith multilocus sequence analyses on internal transcription spacer, b-tubulin (tub2), histone H3 (his3),and translation elongation factor 1a (tef-1a). Pathogens were confirmed by inoculating the isolates inginseng roots. Results: A total of 230 isolates were obtained from 209 disease samples. These isolates were classifiedinto 12 species, including Dactylonectria sp., D. hordeicola, Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. solani,F. torulosum, Ilyonectria mors-panacis, I. robusta, Rhexocercosporidium panacis, and three novel speciesI. changbaiensis, I. communis, and I. qitaiheensis. Among them, I. communis, I. robusta, and F. solani had thehighest isolation frequencies, being 36.1%, 20.9%, and 23.9%, respectively. All these species isolated werepathogenic to ginseng roots and caused red-skin root disease under appropriate condition. Conclusion: Fungal complex is the causal agent of red-skin root in P. ginseng.

Taxonomy of fungal complex causing red-skin root of Panax ginseng in China

Lu, Xiao H.,Zhang, Xi M.,Jiao, Xiao L.,Hao, Jianjun J.,Zhang, Xue S.,Luo, Yi,Gao, Wei W. The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Background: Red-skin root of Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) significantly reduces the quality and limits the production of ginseng in China. The disease has long been thought to be a noninfectious physiological disease, except one report that proved it was an infectious disease. However, the causal agents have not been successfully determined. In the present study, we were to reveal the pathogens that cause red-skin disease. Methods: Ginseng roots with red-skin root symptoms were collected from commercial fields in Northeast China. Fungi were isolated from the lesion and identified based on morphological characters along with multilocus sequence analyses on internal transcription spacer, β-tubulin (tub2), histone H3 (his3), and translation elongation factor 1α (tef-1α). Pathogens were confirmed by inoculating the isolates in ginseng roots. Results: A total of 230 isolates were obtained from 209 disease samples. These isolates were classified into 12 species, including Dactylonectria sp., D. hordeicola, Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. solani, F. torulosum, Ilyonectria mors-panacis, I. robusta, Rhexocercosporidium panacis, and three novel species I. changbaiensis, I. communis, and I. qitaiheensis. Among them, I. communis, I. robusta, and F. solani had the highest isolation frequencies, being 36.1%, 20.9%, and 23.9%, respectively. All these species isolated were pathogenic to ginseng roots and caused red-skin root disease under appropriate condition. Conclusion: Fungal complex is the causal agent of red-skin root in P. ginseng.

A Damage Model for Assessing Pipeline Safety in Corrosion Environments

Zhao, X. W.,Luo, J. H.,Zheng, M.,Lu, M.X.,Li, H.L 대한금속학회 2002 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.8 No.5

Considering such practical pipeline service conditions in the petroleum transportation field as corrosion from harmful media (H_2S, CO_2 etc.) and load from the pressure of flowing petroleum as key factors, the degradation of the mechanical properties of pipeline steels and the corresponding variations in stress states are studied. A damage variable is introduced to reflect the degradation in the mechanical properties of the pipeline due to corrosion. A diluted solution approach is proposed to model the corrosion process of harmful media within the pipeline and the distribution of the damage variable along the radial direction of the pipeline is derived. An approach to the safety evaluation of damaged pipeline is proposed by comparing the instant properties of pipeline steels with servicing conditions.

Strength, stiffness, and microstructure of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films deposited via sputtering and co-evaporation (5 pages)

Luo, S.,Lee, J.-H.,Liu, C.-W.,Shieh, J.-M.,Shen, C.-H.,Wu, T.-T.,Jang, D.,Greer, J.R. American Institute of Physics 2014 Applied Physics Letters Vol.105 No.1

Study on removal of Fe3+ from sodium dihydrogen phosphate by emulsification solvent extraction

J.H. Luo,J. Li,X.X. Duan 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.3

Wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) is gradually paid attention to in recent years. However, there are some undesirable impurities (Fe3+, Al3+, Mg2+) in WPA, which will degrade the quality of sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) products. To get the superior grade NaH2PO4, the WPA should be purified. Enhancing the pH of the solution, often to 4, can remove most of the metal ions, but there is still some Fe3+ which has great effect on the NaH2PO4 crystal products, seem to be irregular long strips. Therefore, before the neutralized NaH2PO4 solution is concentrated, the Fe3+ must be removed. The emulsification extraction of Fe3+ from sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) solution by di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) is investigated. The good extraction efficiency of Fe3+ with D2EHPA from NaH2PO4 solution by emulsification extraction is verified. Meanwhile, to study the advantages of the emulsification extraction process, the major influencing factors, such as the D2EHPA volume fraction, the phase volume ratio, the initial pH of NaH2PO4 solution, the stirring time and agitation speed on the extraction efficiencies of Fe3+, are studied, and the optimal process conditions are obtained. The results of extraction experiments from practical NaH2PO4 solution show that superior grade NaH2PO4 can be obtained by three stages of extraction under appropriate condition.