Evaluation of mango saponin in broilers: effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical indices

Y.N. Zhang,J. Wang,B. Qi,S.G. Wu,H.R. Chen,H.Y. Luo,D.J. Yin,F.J. Lu,H.J. Zhang,G.H. Qi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.8

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine whether mango saponin (MS) could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks by evaluating growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and plasma biochemical indices. Methods: A total of 216 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.14% (MS 0.14%), or 0.28% (MS 0.28%) MS. Each treatment had six replicates (cages) with 12 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for six weeks. Results: Compared with the control, dietary supplemented with 0.14% or 0.28% MS increased average daily weight gain of chicks in the grower (22 to 42 d) and the whole (1 to 42 d) phases, and the final body weight of chicks on d 42 was higher in MS supplemented groups (p<0.05). Lower L45 min* (lightness) and L24 h* values, lower b24 h* (yellowness) value, and higher a45 min* (redness) and a24 h* values of the breast muscle were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 42 (p<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity in plasma increased in MS 0.14% group on d 21 (p<0.001). Lower contents of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were observed in chicks fed with 0.28% MS on d 21 and d 42, whereas the group supplemented with 0.14% MS only decreased plasma triglyceride content on d 21 (p<0.05). The glucose content in plasma decreased in MS 0.28% group on d 42 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, MS could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks, and the supplemental level of 0.28% MS in diet could improve growth performance, meat quality, and plasma lipid metabolism in broiler chicks.

Effect of Extenders and Temperatures on Sperm Viability and Fertilizing Capacity of Harbin White Boar Semen during Long-term Liquid Storage

Zhou, J.B.,Yue, K.Z.,Luo, M.J.,Chang, Z.L.,Liang, H.,Wang, Z.Y.,Tan, J.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.11

In this study the effect of extenders and temperatures on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of boar sperm during long-term storage was investigated. Acrosomal integrity, membrane integrity, motility and hypo-osmotic resistance were evaluated by fluorescence and light microscopy. An in vitro fertilization test was performed to assess the fertilizing capacity of stored spermatozoa. The five diluents tested were ranked according to their ability to maintain sperm functional parameters and Zorlesco (ZO) extender with BSA or with PVA instead of BSA produced the best results. Zorlesco extender substituted with PVA (ZO+PVA) was found to maintain motility both at 15 and 20$^{\circ}C$. within 5 days of storage, but the quality of semen stored at 15$^{\circ}C$ decreased thereafter as compared to semen stored at 20$^{\circ}C$ Semen stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ demonstrated rapid loss of motility already within 24 h. Both fertilization and cleavage of semen stored at 20$^{\circ}C$ in ZO substituted with PVA instead of BSA did not change significantly until day 8 of storage. It is therefore concluded that PVA can be used to substitute for BSA and 20$^{\circ}C$ was more suitable than 15$^{\circ}C$ for boar semen storage, and in vitro fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa was maintained for at least 8 days in ZO+PVA at 20$^{\circ}C$.

Dynamic high order periodic adaptive learning compensator for cogging effect in permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system

Luo, Y,Chen, Y Q,Ahn, H-S,Pi, Y IET 2011 IET control theory & applications Vol.5 No.5

<P>In this study, a simulation model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) position servo system is presented briefly first, then, a dynamic high order periodic adaptive learning compensation (HO-PALC) scheme is proposed for cogging effect on PMSM position and velocity servo tasks. The cogging torque is considered as a position-dependent disturbance that is periodic. The key idea of the implemented cogging disturbance compensation method is to use past information of more than one position period along the state axis to update the current adaptation learning law. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed high order PALC method. Furthermore, the dynamic item in the HO-PALC can guarantee the stability in the real experimental system with unexpected noise and unmodelled dynamics. Experimental validation is presented to show the performance with proposed dynamic high order periodic adaptive cogging compensation scheme. The advantage of the dynamic HO-PALC is demonstrated through the comparison with the first order periodic adaptive learning compensation.</P>

Experimental studies and modeling the behavior of anaerobic growth of Clostridium perfringens in cooked rice under non-isothermal conditions

Luo, K.,Wang, J.,Kim, S.Y.,Kim, S.H.,Oh, D.H. Butterworths ; Taylor Francis ; Elsevier Science 2017 Food control Vol.71 No.-

<P>The aim of this study was mainly to develop the dynamic model to evaluate the non-isothermal growth of Clostridium perfringens in cooked rice that is currently popular product in Asian countries. The isothermal growth was measured by culturing C perfringens in cooked rice stored under anaerobic condition at temperatures from 20 to 48 degrees C, followed by developing the four different primary models using these observed data. The specific growth rate (SGR, log CFU/h) obtained from each primary model were individually applied in the modified Ratkowky model to estimate the changes in the SGR as a function of temperature. The performances of secondary models developed basing on the different primary model were evaluated by using the validation factors including bias factor, accuracy factor, and mean square error. The resulting validations demonstrate that the Baranyi-based Ratkowky model shows greater performance than those developed basing on other primary models. To predict the non isothermal growth in two different cooling scenarios of 50 to 19 degrees C, the Baranyi and Roberts differential equations was developed with the initial physiological state (q(0) = 0.16). To validate the dynamic models, the predicted data were compared with experimental data obtained from the non-isothermal experiment. The developed dynamic model provided good prediction of anaerobic growth of C perfringens in cooked rice under non-isothermal conditions, and it could be used to assess microbial safety of cooked rice during storage and cooling procedure. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>

Antioxidant activities of edible lichen Ramalina conduplicans and its free radical-scavenging constituents

Luo, H.,Wei, X.,Yamamoto, Y.,Liu, Y.,Wang, L.,Sung Jung, J.,Jin Koh, Y.,Hur, J.S. Mycological Society of Japan 2010 Mycoscience Vol.51 No.5

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of an edible lichen Ramalina conduplicans. The extract exhibited potent anti-linoleic acid peroxidation activity, free radical-scavenging activity, and reducing power. The total phenolic contents were found to be high in the extract. Activity-guided bioautographic thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC identified sekikaic acid and homosekikaic acid as the main free radicalscavenging compounds in R. conduplicans extract (IC<SUB>50</SUB> [50% inhibition concentration] = 0.082 and 0.276mg/ml, respectively). The results suggested that this edible lichen species have the potential to be utilized as food additives or as protective drugs.

Experimental Study of the Runaway Current in the J-TEXT Tokamak

Y. H. Luo,Z. Y. Chen,X. Q. Zhang,D. W. Huang,W. Jin,Y. H. Huang,Y. Tang,J. C. Li,R. H. Tong,W. Yan,G. Zhuang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.3

Major plasma disruptions in tokamaks often generate runaway currents, which contain electronswith energies of several tens of megaelectron-volts (MeV). These currents can cause substantialdamage when control is lost and the current hits the limiters or the vessel wall. The interactionbetween the runaway electrons and the impurities inside the plasma results in soft X-ray emission,which can provide detailed information about the runaway generation process and the confinementof runaway electrons. A vertical soft X-ray array at the top of Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT) was used to study the runaway beams resulting from major disruptions. Runawayelectron production and confinement of runaway current were observed by using soft X-ray images.

LAMC2 enhances the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma

Moon, Y W,Rao, G,Kim, J J,Shim, H-S,Park, K-S,An, S S,Kim, B,Steeg, P S,Sarfaraz, S,Changwoo Lee, L,Voeller, Donna,Choi, E Y,Luo, Ji,Palmieri, D,Chung, H C,Kim, J-H,Wang, Y,Giaccone, G Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015 Cell death and differentiation Vol.22 No.8

Lung cancer is the number one cancer killer, and metastasis is the main cause of high mortality in lung cancer patients. However, mechanisms underlying the development of lung cancer metastasis remain unknown. Using genome-wide transcriptional analysis in an experimental metastasis model, we identified laminin γ2 (LAMC2), an epithelial basement membrane protein, to be significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma metastatic cells. Elevated LAMC2 increased traction force, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells accompanied by the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). LAMC2 knockdown decreased traction force, migration, and invasion accompanied by EMT reduction in vitro, and attenuated metastasis in mice. LAMC2 promoted migration and invasion via EMT that was integrin β1- and ZEB1-dependent. High LAMC2 was significantly correlated with the mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in lung adenocarcinomas, and with higher risk of recurrence or death in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We suggest that LAMC2 promotes metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma via EMT and may be a potential therapeutic target.

Improving mechanical and magnetocaloric responses of amorphous melt-extracted Gd-based microwires via nanocrystallization

Belliveau, H.F.,Yu, Y.Y.,Luo, Y.,Qin, F.X.,Wang, H.,Shen, H.X.,Sun, J.F.,Yu, S.C.,Srikanth, H.,Phan, M.H. Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.692 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report on the structural, mechanical, and magnetocaloric properties of annealed melt-extracted Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> amorphous microwires of ∼70 μm diameter. During heat treatment small islands of nanocrystallities are generated and isolated in the amorphous region for the wires. The size of the nanocrystallities ranges from 5 nm to 10 nm. The observed lattice distortion from the nanocrystallities causes changes in the magnetic properties of the wires. The annealing temperature of 100 °C has the largest strength (1845 MPa) as compared to wires annealed at other temperatures. This is likely to trigger nanophase transformation in the amorphous region and these nanocrystals have been preserved through the increase of annealing temperature. The formulation of the nanocrystalline islands is also verified by the selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). The microwires exhibit a large and reversible magnetocaloric effect (MCE), with the maximum isothermal magnetic entropy change (−Δ<I>S</I> <SUB>M</SUB>) and refrigerant capacity (<I>RC</I>) values of 9.5 J/kg K and 689 J/kg respectively for the microwire annealed at 100 °C. This <I>RC</I> is about 35%, 67%, and 91% larger than those of bulk Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> (∼509 J/kg), Gd (∼410 J/kg), and Gd<SUB>5</SUB>Si<SUB>2</SUB>Ge<SUB>1.9</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.1</SUB> (∼360 J/kg) regardless of their ordering temperatures. These results demonstrate the ability to tune the mechanical and magnetic properties of the microwires by thermal annealing.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The impact of nanocrystallization in Gd<SUB>53</SUB>Al<SUB>24</SUB>Co<SUB>20</SUB>Zr<SUB>3</SUB> microwires. </LI> <LI> Enhanced mechanical strength. </LI> <LI> Enhanced magnetocaloric response. </LI> </UL> </P>

Optical properties of amorphous $Si_xC_yN_z$ ternary thin films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Zhang, Z.H.,Fan, X.J.,Guo, H.X.,Zhang, W.,Zhang, C.Y.,Luo, F.Y. The Korean Vacuum Society 1998 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.7 No.1

Amorphous ternary $Si_xC_yN-z$ thin films were obtained by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD) using $N_2, SiH_4 \;and \;C_2H_4$ as the reaction sources. The chemical state were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The optical properties of the thin films were investigated by UV-visible spectrophotometer and ellipsometer, and the optical band gaps of thin films were determined from corresponding transmittance spectra following Tauc equation.

Upgraded high time-resolved x-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy system for J-TEXT ohmic plasmas (4 pages)

Jin, W.,Chen, Z.Y.,Huang, D.W.,Li, Q.L.,Yan, W.,Luo, Y.H.,Lee, S.G.,Shi, Y.J.,Huang, Y.H.,Tong, R.H. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 2014 Review of scientific instruments Vol.85 No.2