해방기 시어의 일면

김종훈(Kim, Jong-Hoon) 한국시학회 2015 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.42

이 논문은 정지용과 조지훈의 시를 대상으로 해방기 시어의 일면을 살핀 시도이다. 1935년 개척된 시어의 영역은 반봉건?반외세?민족국가 설립이라는 시대정신의 자장 안에서 축소되었다. 고어나 한자어는 새로움에 위배되는 것으로, 방언은 규정에 어긋나는 것으로 ‘표준어’와 대치되고 있었다. 정지용이 개척했던 여러 개성적인 시어, 고어와 한자어에 관심이 컸던 조지훈의 시어, 두 시인의 시어가 시대정신의 압력에 어떠한 반응을 했는지 파악하는 것이 이 글의 목적이다. 한자어와 고유어의 대결에서 한자어가 밀려나는 모습이 해방 이후 정지용의 시에는 담겨 있다. 보편성을 기반으로 한 고어나 방언이나 조어가 주류 시에 포함될 기회가 지연되었던 것이다. 조지훈은 해방 전 창작한 시에서 유서 깊은 대상의 고유명사를 한자어에 담았다. 그의 한자어는 고어와 밀착했다. 해방 이후 조지훈 시에는 특정 대상을 지칭하는데 쓰이는 한자어가 아니라 일상생활에서 쓰이는 한자어가 등장했다. 조지훈의 시는 스승인 정지용과 걸었던 길과 교차하며 갈라졌다. 정지용은 시대 현실과 유리된 동시에서 고유어를 적극적으로 활용하며 시적 이력을 마감했고 조지훈은 시대현실이 투영된 관념적 추상어들을 보여주며 남한 시단의 일반적인 흐름에 동참하였다. This article is an attempt to review the trends of the poetic words in the time of Koream Liberation focusing on poems by Jeong Ji Yong and Cho Ji Hoon. In 1935, the scope of pioneered poetic words was reduced into the field of to build an anti-feudal, against-foreign, and national country. Old or words in Chinese letters were considered as new ones while dialects were regarded as violation of the regulation to the standard language. This article aims at figuring out how poetic words by Jeong Ji Yong who pioneered diverse original words for poetry and by Cho Ji Hoon, who had great interest in old words and one in Chinese letters, have reacted by suppress of the ethos of the time. Jeong Ji Yong’s poems after the liberation contains defeat of words in Chinese letters in the competition between original Korean words and it. After Jeong Ji Yong, the possibilities of universal old words, dialects, and coined words were gone. Cho Ji Hoon included the proper nouns of the old objects consisting of Chinese-derived words in his poems before the Liberation. His use of words in Chinese letters were closely tied to old words. Since the Liberation, Cho Ji Hoon"s poems showed daily-used words in Chinese letters not one designating a specific object. Cho Ji Hoon"s poems separated from those of Jeong Ji Yong, intersecting with them. Jeong Ji Yong used original Korean words actively in the situation isolated from the reality at that time and finished his career as a poet while Cho Ji Hoon showed idealistic abstract words reflecting the reality of the time, participating in general flow of poetry in South Korea.

Prediction of Retained Austenite Fraction in Quenching-and-Partitioning (Q&P) Steels Using the Gibbs Energy Balance Approach

Seong Hoon Kim,Ji Hoon Kim,Jae Hoon Lee,Dong‑Woo Suh,Jae Sang Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Prediction of retained austenite fraction is quite important in designing advanced high strength steels since retained austeniteis the source of transformation-induced plasticity. The present study investigates the phase constitution of a medium-carbonQ&P steel by comparing various approaches to the transformation stasis of bainitic ferrite and applying them to the partitioningprocess. Among them, the modified GEB approach gave the best agreement with the experimental observation, includingthe effects of heat-treatment condition and chemical composition on phase constitution. This indicates phase transformationduring partitioning can be effectively described by the physics of Gibbs energy balance approach.

괴산군 지역 농업 생태계의 곤충 다양성 비교 분석

김훈 ( Kim¸ Hoon ),순옌 ( Yan Sun ),이승민 ( Lee¸ Seung-min ),구본진 ( Ku¸ Bon-jin ),구윤모 ( Ku¸ Yun-mo ),김태연 ( Kim¸ Tae-yeon ),문명진 ( Moon¸ Myung-jin ) 한국유기농업학회 2021 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

Agricultural ecosystem biodiversity monitoring and community variation analysis of insects were conducted from 2016 to 2018 in selected conventional and organic farming fields in Goesan district, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. The total number of 1,125 species in 16 orders and 207 families were identified. The numbers of species collected in the locations practicing organic farming were greater than the conventional farming both in the paddy fields (564 vs. 383 species) and the upland fields (471 vs. 365 species). Among them, Hemiptera had the most abundant of species, followed by Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Araneae. We calculated various index values of biodiversity (diversity index H’, richness index R, evenness index J’, dominance index D, and similarity index QS) based on quantitative measurements of species and individuals collected over three years of field monitoring. Variations in biodiversity index values in different agricultural systems show that the positive effect of organic farming is to produce more biodiversity than conventional farming systems. When compared to other index results reported in Korea, Japan and China, the richness index was higher and other index values were at similar levels.

생명과학기술, 생명윤리, 그리고 생태학적 관점의 관계 고찰 - 로이스 로리의 『더 기버』를 중심으로

최훈 ( Choi¸ Hoon ),김대영 ( Kim¸ Dae-young ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2015 영어권문화연구 Vol.8 No.3

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between bio-technology and bio-ethics through ecological perspectives and to find examples in literature for the inter-relationships and activating public’s ethical discourse. This study explores complementary relationship between bio-technology and bio-ethics because if our human society ignores bio-technology’s positive fruits due to some faults, it will lack elements of human’s fundamental quality of life as well as the uncertainty of our survival. Therefore, our human society needs various resources to sustain its quality of life through diverse discourses, from different viewpoints such as ethics and literature as well as science-technology. This study tries to explore the relationship between technological effectiveness and biodiversity and to connect them to bio-ethics' possibility based on an ecological perspective. To find the social control's problems of human society, First, this study analyzes biodiversity decreases. Also, it relates biodiversity to the absence of bio-ethic consciousness. With these theoretical basis, this study suggests that Lois Lowry's work, The Giver, exemplifies inter-relationships among bio-technology, bio-ethics, and ecological perspectives. The reason to find this inter-relationship in the literature is that the literary works can easily connect each disciples and interpret each other. In addition, because literature can also have relations with the pubic audience, it can widen some discourses in the public. With this interdisciplinary aspect among bio-tech, bio-ethics, and literature, this study would like to reveal new approaches to a variety of problems in human society, to have some discussion, and to find proper reponses for these problems.

역량기반 교양교육은 교양인을 길러낼 수 있을까?

정훈 ( Jung¸ Hoon ) 한국교육철학회 2021 교육철학 Vol.78 No.-

The purpose of this study was to explore the concept of competency-based liberal education and discuss the issues related to how competency-based liberal education can impact on the nature of liberal education. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, competency-based liberal education can lead to the neglect of theoretical or academic knowledge by making people think that they can replace liberal arts with arts of competence. Second, competency-based liberal education is inherently based on competencies that involve elements of performance(or behavior) and constantly decomposes competencies into aspects of (detailed) competencies or skills. Therefore, it could undermine the nature of liberal education by promoting behaviorism and reductionist approaches. Third, competence has been related to job performance, and it brings about job orientation by trying to derive competence based on recent industrial or social needs, so it subverts the nature of liberal education. Fourth, it commits category errors by indiscriminately involving moral aspects such as friendship and caring that are difficult to include in traditional liberal education. After all, current competency-based liberal education could certainly have a negative impact on the nature or identity of liberal education.

원간섭기 첨의부의 위상과 역할

이정훈(Lee, Joung?hoon) 한국역사연구회 2013 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.88

In this article, the role and status of the Cheom"eui?bu office during the Yuan intervention period is examined. The reigns of Kings Chung"ryeol?wang and Chungseon?wang are analyzed in particular, as the ruling structure of the late 13th and 14th centuries was formed in this period. When most of the senior offices were demoted in 1275, the first year of king Chung"ryeol?wang"s reign, the original Three Offices were merged and became Cheom"eui?bu. Compared to the Three Offices, only a smaller number of senior and junior officials were associated with Cheom"eui?bu, and its overall role was reduced as well. But its administrative functions were strengthened, and the office was still considered as the highest office of the dynasty("百官之長"). It also held the rank of Jeong?Fourth and later Jong?Second, a rank that was bestowed from Yuan. It was also the office which represented the Goryeo dynasty in its relationship with the Mongol Yuan empire, as it originated official communiques to be sent to Yuan, and received official orders from Yuan as well. Coming into the reign of King Chung"seon?wang, the administrative functions of Cheom"eui?bu were reinforced even more. In 1298, the year of his enthronement, Chung"seon?wang reduced the number of Jae"shin officials, and reinstated the Sang"seo Do"seong officials to increase the number of administrative personnel. When he was re?enthroned in 1308, he reduced the number of Jeong"seung ministers of the Cheom"eui?bu office to one, and newly created Jeon"mu?ryeong and Su"ryeong?gwan officials as field agents. By doing so, he designed Cheom"eui?bu to control both the capital and local regions while the king was staying in Yuan and was not able to oversee dynastic issues himself. It was a structure that meant the Cheom"eui Jeong"seung minister to serve as the acting King. The status and role of Cheom"eui?bu was significantly reinforced. As we can see, the Cheom"eui?bu office became an office governing both the center and local areas of the dynasty, during the reigns of kings Chung"ryeol?wang and Chung"seon?wang. It earned the status of the highest office in the dynasty. This particular facet of its existence was due to a unique situation of this period: the king"s absence from the country, as the kings chose to stay in Yuan for many purposes. Compared to the previous offices, Cheom"eui bu was an office that was equipped ? with far more powerful administrative capabilities, as its authority was exercised not only in the capital but also in local governmental offices. Also, it held an official rank of its own, which often served as clear indicator of the office"s status in terms of the entire hierarchy inside the Goryeo government.

다시 읽는 아브라함 카이퍼(Abraham Kuyper) 연구(2010-2020) 및 그 비판적 성찰

고훈 ( Ko¸ Hoon ) 한세대학교 영산신학연구소 2021 영산신학저널 Vol.- No.58

본 논문은 2010년부터 2020년 사이에 한국에서 이뤄진 카이퍼 연구를 그 연구가 생산된 상황적 맥락에서 다시 읽고, 그러한 다시 읽기를 통해 얻어진 연구결과를 한국교회의 대내외적인 상황을 고려하여 비판적으로 성찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 논문은 다음의 연구 절차를 따르고자 한다. 첫째, 2장은 그러한 기간을 세 시기(2010, 2010-2019, 2020)로 나눈다. 그리고 각 시기마다 카이퍼에 대하여 연구한 사람들은 누구였는지 그에 대한 학문적, 공동체적 배경을 간단히 소개하고, 그러한 카이퍼 연구가 어떠한 상황적 맥락에 위치하는지 조사하여, 그 연구의 내재적 의미가 무엇이었는지 추론해 보고자 한다. 둘째, 앞서 2장에서 도출된 연구 결과를 토대로 그동안 카이퍼 연구에 대한 비판적 성찰을 시도하고자 한다. 셋째, 지금까지의 논의를 간략히 정리하고, 본 논문의 의의와 한계를 제시한다. The paper aims to study on Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920) by reading and critically think about the findings, considering the internal and external context of the Korean Church. Section 1 examines selected individuals’ and groups’ hidden intention by describing their academic and community background and the context in which they have involved. Moreover, I also focus on the period from 2010, the date of the publication of Sung Koo Chung’s book Abraham Kuyper’s Thought and Life to 2020, the 100th Anniversary of Abraham Kuyper’s death. Section 2 critically contemplates the results from the previous section of Kuyper’s study in Korea. Section 3 summarizes my research, sets forth my view on Abraham Kuyper, and deals with the significance and limits of the paper.

코로나19 위기와 데이터 국가: 한국의 데이터 국가와 보건위기 거버넌스

장훈 ( Jang¸ Hoon ) 한국의회발전연구회 2020 의정연구 Vol.26 No.3

코로나 위기의 세계적 확산 이후에, 한국의 성공적인 방역과정에 대한 사회과학적 관심이 안팎으로 크게 고조되었다. 특히 한국의 국가와 시민의 역할에 대한 사회과학적 논의는 특별한 관심의 대상으로 떠올랐다. 그러나 이 논문은 한국의 성공적 방역에 대한 기존 논의들이 한국의 국가의 강한 개입과 동원역량, 그리고 순응적 시민들의 역할에 초점을 맞추는 과정에서 모호한 개념 설정과 부적절한 방법론상의 한계를 드러내었다고 본다. 강한 국가라는 개념은 모호한 것이며, 순응적 시민이라는 관념은 한국의 지난 수십 년간의 현실 및 실제와도 일치하지 않는다고 할 수 있다. 이 연구에서 우리는 한국 국가의 방역 역량은 데이터 자본주의 시대의 데이터 국가로서의 역량 발휘라는 관점으로 이해할 수 있음을 제시하였다. 첫째, 코로나19의 확산을 통제하는 데에 있어서 국가는 방대한 디지털 데이터의 추출, 종합, 적용의 과정을 주도하는 주도자였지만 데이터 국가의 역량은 법률적인 기반과 매뉴얼에 입각한 방역주도, 그리고 민간부문과의 협력을 통해서 발휘되었다. 이를 통해서 한국 데이터 국가의 방역은 투명성과 민간 협력이라는 개방적 성격을 발휘하였다. 둘째, 이러한 데이터 국가의 주도적 역량은 코로나 보건위기에 대한 갑작스러운 대응이라기보다는 30년의 역사를 통해서 한국 사회의 디지털 역량, 산업부문의 디지털 역량을 기획, 주도하고 설계해온 한국 국가성격의 진화 과정에 따른 것이다. 셋째, 하지만 데이터 국가와 시민들의 관계를 살펴보면, 국가 주도의 압출 거버넌스 모델에 가깝다. 국가 방역정책의 반응성은 높지만, 위기 국면에서 개인의 인권, 자유, 방역의 균형점에 대한 사회적 합의 형성은 충분치 않다. 이를 위한 폭넓은 사회적 담론은 충분치 않으며 따라서 이를 통한 시민들의 공동체 연대의식의 형성 역시 부족하다. Amid global pandemic of covid-19, Korean government’s response has drawn wide attention among social scientists as well as medical studies. The role of Korean state and civil society has attracted particular attention among others. Yet, this paper criticizes extant studies on Korean case which focus on the extensive intervention of the strong state and subjective attitude of Korean citizens in coping with covid-19. The concept of the strong state lacks social scientific specification and subjective citizens do not match with Korean realities. This article argues that Korean state’s capacity in collecting and mobilizing digital data may offer better understanding for the successful responses to the pandemic. First, Korean state is the ultimate coordinator in collecting, analyzing and applying big data about the expansion of covid-19 with its huge network of dataveillance. Also, such role has been largely based upon relevant legal framework and well prepared manuals and cooperation with civic actors and companies. In other words, Korean digital dataveillance had demonstrated its transparency and cooperative governance. Second, such dataveillance capacity has deep roots in the long-term development of Korean state’s big data management. Korean state has evolved about thirty years while enhancing digital data network within governments, companies and private sectors. Third, the relationship between Korean state’s dataveillance and civil society can be characterized as a state centered push model. This model demonstrates highly effective governmental responses to covid-19 crisis but fall short of building social consensus in balancing individual freedom, human rights and effective containment policies. It means communitarian solidarity among citizens has not been a major factor in Korea’s successful response yet.

법인세법상 손익귀속시기 관련 규정 검토 및 개선방안

김길훈(Kim, Gil-Hoon) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.4

[연구목적] 본 연구의 목적은 손익귀속시기와 관련된 법인세법 규정을 검토하고 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. [연구방법] 본 연구에서는 손익귀속시기 관련 법령․판례 및 개념체계 · 회계기준 분석을 통해 권리확정주의와 발생기준의 관계를 검토하고, 미국 세법의 채무확정기준과 발생기준을 비교분석 하였다. 이를 토대로 현행 법령의 문제점과 개선방안을 제시하였다. [연구결과] 익금의 귀속시기와 관련해서 판례에서 말하는 권리확정주의는 발생기준(또는 실현주의)과 그 의미가 실질적으로 같다. 채무확정기준을 충족하지 못하는 일부 충당부채 등을 제외하고, 익금이 확정된 시기에 대응시키는 것으로 법령에 정한 매출원가 · 용역원가 및 자산 처분원가뿐만 아니라 대부분 손금의 귀속시기는 발생기준과 같다. 따라서 발생기준과 중복되는 법령을 삭제하고, 손익의 귀속시기는 법령에서 달리 규정하고 있는 경우를 제외하고 기업회계기준에 따른다고 규정할 필요가 있다. 손금의 확정을 명확히 하기 위해 미국 세법의 채무확정기준을 토대로 이를 법령에 규정할 필요가 있다. 공평과세등 법률적 관점에서 문제가 있어 특별히 기업회계기준과 달리 적용해야 할 타당하고 명확한 이유가 있는 사항에 관해서는 법령에 달리 규정하면 될 것이다. [연구의 시사점] 이러한 개선방안은 손익의 귀속시기에 관하여 법령에 달리 규정된 사항을 제외하고는 기업회계기준 또는 관행에 따른다는 법인세법 규정에 부합한다. 향후 법인세법의 개념적 체계 구축과 관련된 많은 논의가 필요하다. [Purpose] The purpose of this study is to review the Korean corporate tax law related to recognition of income and to suggest improvement plans. [Methodology] In this study, the relationship between the “doctrine of fixed rights” (the Doctrine) and the accrual basis is reviewed through analysis of laws, Korean case law, conceptual framework, and IFRS, and comparative analyzes were conducted between the all-events test in the US tax law and accrual basis. [Findings] The definition of the Doctrine in Korean case law has substantially the same meaning as the accrual basis (or realization principle). Excluding some provisions that do not meet the all-events test, the cost of sales, service costs, and asset disposal costs, as well as most of the deductibles, are the same as the accrual basis. Therefore it is necessary to delete the laws and regulations that overlap with the accrual basis, and to stipulate that recognition of income is in accordance with the accounting standards, unless otherwise stipulated in the laws and regulations. [Implications] These plans are consistent with the rule that that the timing of recognition comply with accounting standards except for matters otherwise stipulated in the laws. A lots of discussion is needed regarding the establishment of the conceptual framework of the corporate tax law.

한국 의고시(擬古詩)의 사적(史的) 전개와 의고(擬古) 양상 연구-고려 후기~조선 전기를 중심으로-

이훈 ( Lee¸ Hoon ) 한국한문학회 2021 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.- No.83

본고는 「古詩十九首」와 연관된 한국 擬古詩에 대한 통시적 연구의 일환으로, 고려 후기부터 조선 전기까지 의고시의 史的 전개와 擬古 양상을 고찰한 것이다. 본고의 연구는 韓中 의고시 간의 관계망을 분석하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 구축하는 것에 일차적 목적을 두었다. 이에 먼저 의고시의 개념과 유형을 제시하였고, 중국의 의고시 작품 개황을 표로 정리하였다. 고려 후기부터 조선 전기까지 의고시의 史的 전개와 擬古 양상에 대한 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 고려 후기에는 前代의 여러 작품에서 語句와 詩意를 차용하여 모의하는 광의적 개념으로서의 의고시 창작이 주를 이루었다. 특히 權近의 「擬古和陶」 4수는 陶潛의 「飮酒」를 화운하여 모의한 것으로서 和韻과 擬古의 창작방식이 융합된 양상을 지니는데, 陶潛의 「擬古九首」를 화운한 蘇軾의 「和擬古九首」로부터 영향을 받은 것이라고 할 수 있다. 조선 전기에는 광의적 의고시의 창작이 지속되었으며, 중국의 의고시를 화운한 작품이 출현하기에 앞서 한국 의고시에 있어 최초의 협의적 의고시인 成俔의 「擬古十首」가 등장하였다. 성현의 작품은 陸機의 「擬古詩十二首」처럼 「고시십구수」의 체재를 유지하면서 句數를 가감하는 방식으로 모의한 것이다. 육기와 성현의 의고시를 비교 분석한 결과, 작품 간의 연관성을 통해 前代의 의고시가 後代의 의고시 창작에 교과서적이고 교량적인 역할을 한다는 것을 확인하였다. 아울러 양자의 의고시가 원작의 詩型과 정형성을 변주한 양상, 원작의 語句를 대체한 양상, 원작의 詩意를 전환한 양상 등에서 개별적인 면모를 지닌다는 점도 구명하였다. This study analyzes the historical development of archaic poems and the aspects of archaism from the late Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty, as part of a diachronic research of korean archaic poems related to < Gosisipgusu(「擬古詩十二首」) >. The primary purpose of this study is to establish basic data to analyze the network between Korean and Chinese archaic poems. To this end, the concepts and types of those poems are organized, and then the archaic works of China are summarized. In the late Goryeo Dynasty, the archaic poems were created mainly under the broad concept which imitates the phrases and the poetic themes of various works of previous times. In particular, Kwon Geun(權近)’s < Uigohwado(「擬古和陶」) > shows the convergence of bouts-rimes(和韻) and archaism, which can be seen as influenced by Su Shi(蘇軾)’s < Hwauigogusu(「和擬古九首」) >. In the early Joseon Dynasty, the creating of broad archaic poems maintained, but the first creation with the narrow concept, Seong Hyun(成俔)’s < Uigosipsu(「擬古十首」) >, appeared in Korean archaic poetry. Like Lu Ji(陸機)’s < Uigosisipisu(「擬古詩十二首」) >, his work was imitated by maintaining the format of < Gosisipgusu(「古詩十九首」) > while adding or subtracting the number of lines. Comparing the works of Lu ji and Seong hyun, it's confirmed that the previous poems played a textbook and bridge role in the creation of future poems. Their archaic poems have their own particular aspects: Variation of the structure, replacement of the phrases, and change of the poetic themes of the original ones.