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Kwon, Sun-Young,Kwen, Hai-Doo,Choi, Seong-Ho Hindawi Limited 2012 Journal of sensors Vol.2012 No.-
<P>Nonenzymatic glucose sensors employing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with highly dispersed Pt-M (M = Ru and Sn) nanoparticles (Pt-M@PVP-MWNTs) were fabricated by radiolytic deposition. The Pt-M nanoparticles on the MWNTs were characterized by transmittance electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. They were found to be well dispersed and to exhibit alloy properties on the MWNT support. Electrochemical testing showed that these nonenzymatic sensors had larger currents (mA) than that of a bare glassy carbon (GC) electrode and one modified with MWNTs. The sensitivity (A mM<SUP>−1</SUP>), linear range (mM), and detection limit (mM) (S/N = 3) of the glucose sensor with the Pt-Ru catalyst in NaOH electrolyte were determined as 18.0, 1.0–2.5, 0.7, respectively. The corresponding data of the sensor with Pt-Sn catalyst were 889.0, 1.00–3.00, and 0.3, respectively. In addition, these non-enzymatic sensors can effectively avoid interference arising from the oxidation of the common interfering species ascorbic acid and uric acid in NaOH electrolyte. The experimental results show that such sensors can be applied in the detection of glucose in commercial red wine samples.</P>
Toxicity of Single-dose Intramuscular Injection of Samjeong Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Kwon, Kang,Kim, Chul-Yun,Kim, Nam-Kwen,Sun, Seung-Ho,Seo, Hyung-Sik KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2015 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.18 No.2
Objectives: This study was carried out in order to find both the single-dose intramuscular injection toxicity and the approximate lethal dose of samjeong pharmacopuncture (SP) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: The SD rats in this study were divided into four groups, one control group (1.0 mL/animal, normal saline) and three experimental groups (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mL/animal, SP). All groups consisted of five male and five female rats. SP was injected as a single-dose intramuscularly at the thigh. After the injection, general symptoms and weight were observed for 14 days. After the observations had ended, hematologic and serum biochemical examinations, necropsy and a local tolerance test at the injection site were performed. The experiments were carried out at the Good Laboratory Practice firm, Biotoxtech Co. (Cheongwon, Chungbuk). Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee (Approval Number: 130379). Results: No deaths occurred in any of the three experimental groups. The injection of SP had no effects on the general symptoms, body weights, results of the hematologic, and serum biochemical examinations, and necropsy findings. In local tolerance tests at the injection sites, mild inflammation was observed in the experimental group, but it did not appear to be a treatment related effect. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this test, the results from the injection of SP suggest that the approximate lethal dose of SP is above 1.0 mL/animal for both male and female SD rats. Therefore, the clinical use of SP is thought to be safe.
김영남,권호근 대한구강보건학회 2001 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.25 No.1
The objective of this study was to measure validity and interexaminer reliability of current methods for diagnosis of approximal caries. Eighty extracted premolars and molars without fillings or marginal defects were selected. Firstly, selected teeth were examined using direct visual inspection by one dentist, and ten models of mandibular or maxillary arch each containing 12 contacting approximal surfaces were constructed. 15 dentists were asked to examine for approximal caries under standard condition in a dental practice table unit. The methods employed were visual inspection(VI), visual inspection combined with probing(VI+P), visual inspection combined with fiber-optic transillumination(VI+FOTI), conventional bitewing radiography(BW) and visual inspection combined with conventional bitewing radiography(VI+BW). Histological sections of the teeth were examined to give the valid state of disease in each surface. The results were as follows; 1. In case of histological dentin caries, the mean sensitivity and specificity values were VI=0.35 and 0.91, VI+p=0.29 and 0.94, VI+FOTI=0.34 and 0.98, BW=0.40 and 0.98, and VI+BW=0.48 and 0.99, respectively. The positive predictive values of VI+FOTI, BW and VI+BW were markedly higher than those of VI and VI+P. The negative predictive values of five methods were similar. 2. In case of histological dentin caries, interexaminer reliability of VI and VI+P were poor(0<kappa<0.4), but that of VI+FOTI, BW, and VI+B,W were good(0.4<kappa<0.75). 3. Sensitivity and specificity values of direct visual inspection were 0.75 and 0.98 for histological dentin caries, and the values for histological enamel caries were 0.95 and 0.94, respectively. According to the results, the validity of current methods for the diagnosis of approximal caries is acceptable for specificity but unsatisfactory for sensitivity. Interexaminer reliability of clinical examination using diagnostic aids such as FOTI, BW was generally good. But results of unaided clinical examination was very variable between examiners like many other previous studies. From this study, it is implied that the development of diagnostic aids with improved sensitivity is necessary and that further study is needed about how to reduce interexaminer variation of unaided clinical examination to appropriate level.
어머니의 구강건강지식 및 행동과 자녀의 구강건강상태와의 관련성
최연희,서일,권호근,지선하 대한구강보건학회 1999 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.23 No.1
The purpose of this study is to assess how mothers' oral health knowledge, practices and sociodemographic factors influence on their children's dental health status. In addition, to evaluate the relative effect on the children's oral status, mothers' knowledge and practices and children's tooth morphology will be compared. Children of grade 4 and 5 were selected at Kwachun elementary school. The total number was 440. The mothers who responded the questionnaire of them were 329 through the self-administered method. Data were collected by oral examination on children and questionnaire survey on their mothers in May and November in 1997. Independent variables were mother's knowledge and practices on oral health, sociodemographic factors, and children's tooth morphology. Dependent variable was DMFS. The results were as follows; 1. Mothers have known less concretely about the role and effect of fluoride than the information of the periodontal disease. The more mothers know about the periodontal disease, the less the number of children group who experience the tooth decay is significant. 2. The average number of mothers' tooth brushing is 2.5(median : 2) and the average number of dental visit a year for prevention is 0.5(median : 0). Mothers' practices to prevent children's tooth decay were revealed ordinarily education of importance of oral health, tooth brushing, limited sugar intake, dental visits. There were no significant variables of mothers' practices and sociodemographics which affected on children's DMFS. 3. Mothers' knowledge about the periodontal diseasehad statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of children's tooth decay. It supports that mothers' oral health knowledge playes an important role in preventing children's tooth decay. The middle group of children's morphologic score in maxilla first molar had higher risk of dental caries than the shallow one. The odds ratio was 3.4 and statistically significant. The odds ratio of the deep group in mandible first molar was 2.1 but it was not statistically significant(p=0.099). Standardized estimates of mothers' periodontal disease and children's morphologic score are -0.34 and 0.32 respectively. It could imply the similar contribution on the occurrence of tooth decay.
신생아 및 영아 환아에서 상부위장관 내시경검사의 임상적 유용성
김은주,김홍수,이진우,이문호,김선주,백무준,이혜경,박상흠,권광안,정일권,민용식 대한소화기내시경학회 2000 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.20 No.6
Background/Aims: Endoscopic examination of upper gastrointestinal tract disease in infancy and childhood was introduced 2 decades ago. However, clinical indication, premedication, endoscopic features, and practical problems have been infrequently reported in neonate and infants, Therefore, the usef'ulness and problems of endoscopy in these pediatric patients was evaluated. Methods: Twelve pediatric patients who underwent endos-copic examination which involved a choledochoscope, bronchoscope, and gastrofibroscope included 8 neonates and 4 infants who suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms. Drugs for premedication were chloral hydrate, diazepam, midazolam and ketamine in single or combined administration. Results: Clinical manifestations were hematemesis (67%), melena (42%), vomiting (8%), weight loss (8%), fever (8%) and irritability (8%). Indica-tions for endoscopic examination were upper gastrointestinal Weeding (67%), upper gastrointestinal obstruction (8%), acute drug intoxication (8%), foreign bodies in the stomach (8%) and evaluation for varix (8%). Endo-scopic findings revealed a gastric ulcer (48%), acute gastric mucosal lesion (8/$lt;), external compression on the duodenum (8%), a gastric foreign body (8%), acute esophago-gastritis (8%) and esophageal and gastric varix (8%). Therapeutic endoscopy was performed in 2 patients, One case of hypoxia occurred during diagnostic endoscopy. Conclusions: Endoseopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract is a useful and safe proce-dure to detect diseases in neonates and infants if it is done by experienced endocopists and in the circumstances of adequate premedication.