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WEATHER CHARACTERISTICS AT OBSERVATORY CANDIDATE SITES IN WEST TIBET
SASAKI, TOSHIYUKI,NAOE, HIROAKI,UTSUMI, YOSUKE,WANG, HONGSHUAI,YAO, YONGQIANG,YOSHIDA, MICHITOSHI,OHSHIMA, NORIO,MIKAMI, YOSHITAKA,OKADA, NORIO,KOYANO, HISASHI,SEKIGUCHI, KAZUHIRO,ANDO, HIROYASU,LIU, The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2
The high plateaus in west China may provide suitable sites for astronomical observations with the institute's middle-range telescopes and possibly with larger telescopes. Under China-Japan collaborations for site survey in west China, we have been conducting searches for good sites and monitoring their characteristics over several years. As recent results of our site survey show, sites in west Tibet are revealed with a high possibility of good astronomical observations. Weather characteristics at Gar in Ali, Tibet, show its high clear-sky ratios, especially in winter, comparable to Mauna Kea, Hawaii. But it has some wind problem in winter, where stronger wind speeds, over 20m/sec, occur frequently even though the sky is clear. To find calmer sites, we have conducted numerical simulations for the Ali area using the Japan Meteorological Agency NonHydrostatic Model. We have found another site, named ZoZo Hill, near Gar. We will continue to monitor the Gar site to clarify weather characteristics over the whole year and hopefully start to negotiate for site monitoring at ZoZo Hill this year.
Takeshi Sasaki,Shota Jikumaru,Wakana Azuma,Keiko Kuroda,Hiroaki Ishii 한국산림과학회 2016 Forest Science And Technology Vol.12 No.3
The larvae of Japanese gypsy moth (JGM, Lymantria dispar japonica) are highly polyphagous and considered a serious pest that cause significant ecological and economic losses in forests. Monitoring of egg masses is important to prevent large outbreaks of JGM from occurring in their native range. To investigate oviposition site selection by JGM, we analyzed the occurrence and spatial distribution of egg masses across various evergreen tree species within a secondary forest dominated by evergreen broad-leaved trees in western Japan, following a large outbreak. Egg masses were concentrated on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves of a few evergreen tree species. There was a strong preference for Camellia japonica L., on which more than 75% of the egg masses were found. Egg masses were only found on evergreen tree species with large leaves (leaf area >10 cm2 and leaf dry mass >0.1 g). The spatial distribution of egg masses were clustered at scales around 1‒2 m. For effective monitoring of JGM egg masses in warm-temperate evergreen broad-leaved forests of Japan, the abaxial surfaces of the most abundant evergreen broadleaved trees with large leaves should be checked. If egg masses are found, it is likely that nearby trees of the same species
Ken Sasaki,Michio Hongo,Naohisa Miyakoshi,Toshiki Matsunaga,Shin Yamada,Hiroaki Kijima,Yoichi Shimada 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.4
Study Design: In vivo biomechanical study using a three-dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal model for elderly individuals with or without pelvic retroversion. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of pelvic retroversion on the sagittal alignment of the spine, pelvis, and lower limb in elderly females while standing and walking. Overview of Literature: Patients with hip–spine syndrome have concurrent hip-joint and spine diseases. However, the dynamic sagittal alignment between the hip joint and spine has rarely been investigated. We used a 3D musculoskeletal model to evaluate global spinopelvic parameters, including spinal inclination and pelvic tilt (PT). Methods: A total of 32 ambulant females (mean age=78 years) without assistance were enrolled in the study. On the basis of the radiographic measurement for PT, participants were divided into the pelvic retroversion group (R-group; PT≥20°) and the normal group (N-group; PT<20°). A 3D musculoskeletal motion analysis system was used to analyze the calculated value for the alignment of spine, pelvis, and lower limb, including calculated (C)-PT, sagittal vertical axis (C-SVA), pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, T1 pelvic angle (CTPA), as well as knee and hip flexion angles while standing and walking. Results: While standing, C-PT and C-TPA in the R-group were significantly larger than those in the N-group. Hip angle was significantly smaller in the R-group than in the N-group, unlike knee angle, which did not show difference. While walking, C-SVA and C-TPA were significantly increased, whereas C-PT decreased compared with those while standing. The maximum hip-flexion angle was significantly smaller in the R-group than in the N-group. There was a significant correlation between the radiographic and calculated parameters. Conclusions: The 3D musculoskeletal model was useful in evaluating the sagittal alignment of the spine, pelvis, and leg. Spinopelvic sagittal alignment showed deterioration while walking. C-PT was significantly decreased while walking in the R-group, indicating possible compensatory mechanisms attempting to increase coverage of the femoral head. The reduction in the hip flexion angle in the R-group was also considered as a compensatory mechanism.
Shigenobu Emoto,Keisuke Hata,Hiroaki Nozawa,Kazushige Kawai,Toshiaki Tanaka,Takeshi Nishikawa,Yasutaka Shuno,Kazuhito Sasaki,Manabu Kaneko,Koji Murono,Yuuki Iida,Hiroaki Ishii,Yuichiro Yokoyama,Hiroyu 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.3
Background/Aims: Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and handsewn anastomosis for ulcerative colitis requires pulling down of the ileal pouch into the pelvis, which can be technically challenging. We examined risk factors for the pouch not reaching the anus.Methods: Clinical records of 62 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo RPC with handsewn anastomosis at the University of Tokyo Hospital during 1989–2019 were reviewed. Risk factors for non-reaching were analyzed in patients in whom hand sewing was abandoned for stapled anastomosis because of nonreaching. Risk factors for non-reaching in laparoscopic RPC were separately analyzed. Anatomical indicators obtained from presurgical computed tomography (CT) were also evaluated.Results: Thirty-seven of 62 cases underwent laparoscopic procedures. In 6 cases (9.7%), handsewn anastomosis was changed to stapled anastomosis because of non-reaching. Male sex and a laparoscopic approach were independent risk factors of non-reaching. Distance between the terminal of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) ileal branch and the anus > 11 cm was a risk factor for non-reaching.Conclusions: Laparoscopic RPC with handsewn anastomosis may limit extension and induction of the ileal pouch into the anus. Preoperative CT measurement from the terminal SMA to the anus may be useful for predicting non-reaching.
N=4 instanton calculus in <i>Ω</i> and R–R backgrounds
Ito, Katsushi,Nakajima, Hiroaki,Saka, Takuya,Sasaki, Shin Elsevier 2012 Nuclear physics, B Vol.860 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We study the instanton calculus for N=4 super Yang–Mills theory in ten-dimensional <I>Ω</I>-background with the R-symmetry Wilson line gauge field. From the ADHM construction of instantons in the background, we obtain the deformed instanton effective action. For a certain case we get the effective action of N=<SUP>2⁎</SUP> theory in the <I>Ω</I>-background. We also study the low-energy effective D(−1)-brane action for the D3/D(−1)-brane system in the R–R 3-form field strength backgrounds and find that the action agrees with the instanton effective action in the <I>Ω</I>-background.</P>
( Motoyasu Kato ),( Yuta Arai ),( Hiroaki Motomura ),( Issei Sumiyoshi ),( Yusuke Ochi ),( Junko Watanabe ),( Hiroaki Ihara ),( Shinsaku Togo ),( Shinichi Sasaki ),( Kazuhisa Takahashi ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-
Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (AE-IIP) is associated with a high mortality rate. In 2016, the International Working Group classified the etiology of AE-IIP into idiopathic and triggered. Several factors can trigger AE-IIP; however, the triggers associated with the worst prognosis have not been identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognosis of patients with various types of AE-IIP, particularly infection-triggered, non-infection-triggered, and idiopathic AE-IIPs. Methods: We retrospectively collected data for 128 patients with chronic fibrotic IIP (CF-IIP) who were hospitalized because of respiratory failure during the period between April 2009 and March 2019 at Juntendo University Hospital. There were 79 patients who developed AE-IIP, and 21 patients who developed bacterial pneumonia combined with CF-IIP. AE-IIP was classified into idiopathic, infection-triggered, and non-infection-triggered. We analyzed differences in patient characteristics, examination findings, and prognosis among the types. Finally, we evaluated risk factors for early death due to AE-IIPs. Results: Idiopathic, infection-triggered, and non-infection-triggered AE-IIPs were diagnosed in 34, 25, and 20 patients, respectively. The survival time was significantly longer for bacterial pneumonia combined with IIP than for AE-IIP. Moreover, the survival time was significantly longer for infection-triggered AE-IIP than for idiopathic or non-infection-triggered AE-IIP. The mortality rate was significantly lower with infection-triggered AEIIP than with other types of AE-IIP. Finally, a multivariate analysis revealed that radiological findings at the time of onset of AE-IIPs and AE-IIP patterns were independent risk factors for early death. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients with infection-triggered AE-IIP may have a better prognosis than those with other types of AE-IIP.