유기 전계 발광 소자의 효율에 관한 연구

河潤卿,魯碩原 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

2,4,6-Triphenyl-1,3,5-Triazine (TRZ) has been used as a hole blocking material for electroluminescent device(ELD)[4]. The EL devices of the four layer structure, ITO/hole transporting layer(HTL)/emitting layer/Al, were fabricated. TRZ was doped into the poly(n-vinylcarbazole)(PVK), which was spin-coated on indium tin oxide(ITO) film. The emitting layer, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Alq₃), was deposited on top of PVK film. The ELD emits characteristic green color generated from Alq3 emitting layer. As the percentage of TRZ was increased, the efficiency of devices increased. The devices, which contained higher concentration of blocking material, were driven at a lower current under the same voltage. The optimum concentration of hole blocking material was 10wt%, which produced the highest ELD luminescence.

유기 전계 발광 소자(OELD) 개발을 위한 PVK 박막의 특성 연구

河潤卿,魯碩源 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

Organic-based electroluminescent devices have attracted lots of interests because of their possible applications as large-area flat panel display. The devices that were used in this study were fabricated with poly(9-vinylcarbazole)(PVK) of two different molecular weights. The molecular weights of PVK for the devices were 58,600 and 1,100,000. UV/vis absorption peaks of both PVK films appeared at 296, 330,344nm. PL spectra and EL spectra of both PVK films showed the same pattern around 420nm. Thickness of both PVK films was determinad. For both PVK films, as increased coating rpm, thickness decreased. The film thickness decreased exponentially. Thickness of 1,100,000 PVK was higher than that of 58,600 PVK.

Soybean growth and yield response to elevated temperature and light intensity

Young-Son Cho,Sok-Dong Kim,Bon-Chul Koo,Won-Ha Yang,Jin-Chul Shin,Young-Han Yun1,Joung-Gon Kim 한국작물학회 2008 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

Changing climate could be effect on the growth of soybean and seed yield, so we evaluated newly developed soy cultivars in the point of the physiological characteristics by changing temperature and light intensity in the phytotron. Two soy cultivars evaluated in three temperature levels (T1, 20/15; T2, 25/20; T3, 30/25oC at day/night) the pot experiment in phytotron between winter and spring in 2006 and spring and summer in 2007. Increased temperature from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3 enhanced crop growth parameters greatly and shortened growth duration and increased seed yield, however, grown in winter and spring enhanced too much plant height, so plant stems were very slim and weak and it resulted in the lodging problem. In this results we can estimate warming in Korean peninsular which might be increase temperature with low light intensity, so plant breeders and physiologists should be develop improved lodging resistance cultivars under low light intensity and high temperature.

Analysis of Post-Weld Deformation at the Heat-Affected Zone Using External Forces Based on the Inherent Strain

Yun Sok Ha,Chang Doo Jang,Jong Tae Kim,Hyung Suk Mun 한국정밀공학회 2007 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.8 No.4

An analytical method to predict the post-weld deformation at the heat-affected zone (HAZ.) is presented in this paper. The method was based on the assumption that the post-weld deformation is caused by external forces resulting from the inherent strain, which is defined as the irrecoverable strain after removing structural restraints and loadings. In general, the equivalent loading method can be used to analyze distortions in welding areas because it is efficient and effective. However, if additional loads are applied after welding, it is difficult to determine the final strain on a welded structure. To determine the final strain of a welded structure at the HAZ. more accurately, we developed a modified equivalent loading method based on the inherent strain that incorporated hardening effects. The proposed method was applied to calculate the residual stress at the HAZ. Experiments were also conducted on welded plates to evaluate the validity of the proposed method.

Downregulation of Fumarate Hydratase Is Related to Tumorigenesis in Sporadic Renal Cell Cancer

Ha, Yun-Sok,Chihara, Yoshitomo,Yoon, Hyung-Yoon,Kim, Yong-June,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Woo, Seung Hyo,Yun, Seok-Joong,Kim, Isaac Yi,Hirao, Yoshihiko,Kim, Wun-Jae S. Karger AG 2013 Urologia internationalis Vol.90 No.2

<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Objective:</I></B> Although germline mutations of fumarate hydratase<B> </B>(FH) are a useful molecular marker of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (RCC) syndrome, their clinical significance in sporadic RCC has not been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible correlations between the expression of <I>FH</I> and the clinical implications of sporadic RCC. <B><I>Materials and Methods:</I></B><I>FH</I> mRNA levels were evaluated in 140 tumor specimens from patients with primary RCC and in 62 specimens of corresponding normal-appearing kidney tissue using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 6 normal surrounding tissues and 71 RCC tissues. <B><I>Results:</I></B><I>FH</I> mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumor tissues than in matched normal-appearing kidney tissues (p = 0.031). In all normal tissues, FH staining intensity was strong. However, the expression of <I>FH</I> showed no significant correlation with the pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with sporadic RCC. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> Our results showed that <I>FH</I> mRNA expression decreased significantly in correlation with the transition from normal renal parenchyma to RCC. <I>FH</I> may be an indicator or tumorigenesis in sporadic RCC and could be a potential target for therapies against RCC in the future.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Trends in End-of-Life Resource Utilization and Costs among Prostate Cancer Patients from 2006 to 2015: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Ha Yun-Sok,Kim So-Young,Chung Jae Il,Choi Hoon,Kim Jae Heon,Yu Ho Song,Cho In-Chang,Kim Hyung Joon,Chung Hyun Chul,Koh Jun Sung,Lee Ji Youl,박동진,Kim Hyun Tae,Yoo Eun Sang,Kwon Tae Gyun,Min Kyungchan,Ki 대한남성과학회 2021 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.39 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate end-of-life resource utilization and costs for prostate cancer patients during the last year of life in Korea. Materials and Methods: The study used the National Health Information Database (NHIS-2017-4-031) of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Healthcare claim data for the years 2002 through 2015 were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance System. Among 83,173 prostate cancer patients, we enrolled 18,419 after excluding 1,082 who never claimed for the last year of life. Results: From 2006 to 2015, there was a 3.2-fold increase the total number of prostate cancer decedents. The average cost of care during the last year of life increased over the 10-year period, from 14,420,000 Korean won to 20,300,000 Korean won, regardless of survival time. The cost of major treatments and medications, other than analgesics, was relatively high. Radiologic tests, opioids, pain control, and rehabilitation costs were relatively low. Multiple regression analysis identified age and living in rural area as negatively associated with prostate cancer care costs, whereas income level and a higher number of comorbidities were positively associated. Conclusions: Expenditure of prostate cancer care during the last year of life varied according to patient characteristics. Average costs increased every year. However, the results suggest underutilization of support services, likely due to lack of alternative accommodation for terminal prostate cancer patients. Further examination of patterns of utilization of healthcare resources will allow policymakers to take a better approach to reducing the burden of prostate cancer care.

Tissue hOGG1 Genotype Predicts Bladder Cancer Prognosis: A Novel Approach Using a Peptide Nucleic Acid Clamping Method

Ha, Yun-Sok,Yan, Chunri,Kim, Isaac Yi,Yun, Seok-Joong,Moon, Sung-Kwon,Kim, Wun-Jae Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2011 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.18 No.6

Artificial Urinary Sphincter for Postradical Prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence — Is It the Best Option?

Yun-Sok Ha,Eun Sang Yoo 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2019 International Neurourology Journal Vol.23 No.4

Male stress urinary incontinence (SUI) can undoubtedly reduce quality of life and promote personal distress and psychosocial alienation. The frequency of postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI) counts on the characterization of urinary incontinence and the periods of patient follow-up. Operational therapeutics, for instance, urethral male slings and artificial urinary sphincters, are well-chosen as adequate and secure surgeries for male SUI in men with continual PPI when conservative treatment is ineffective. Over the former 2 decades, surgery has progressed regarding both operative approach and sling architecture. However, there are no guidelines about when surgery should be carried out and which is the most appropriate surgical option. In this review, we summarize recent advances in implantable devices for PPI and also discuss traditional surgical care. When we are planning the male PPI surgery, careful preoperative work-up should be performed and surgical method should be chosen according to the severity of the disease. Male sling is preferred in mild and moderate symptomatic patients with normal detrusor pressure and it is recommended to select traditional artificial urinary sphincter device in those with severe symptoms. It is expected that effective devices without adverse events will be developed with technical advances in near future.

Novel combination markers for predicting progression of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

Ha, Yun‐,Sok,Kim, Ji Sang,Yoon, Hyung‐,Yoon,Jeong, Pildu,Kim, Tae‐,Hwan,Yun, Seok‐,Joong,Lee, Sang‐,Cheol,Kim, Gi‐,Young,Choi, Yung‐,Hyun,Moon, Sung‐,Kw Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.131 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To identify prognostic markers in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the combined effect of <I>RUNX3</I> and <I>MGC17624</I> for predicting NMIBC progression was assessed. <I>RUNX3</I> promoter methylation was examined using methylation specific‐polymerase chain reaction (MS‐PCR). <I>MGC17624</I> mRNA expression was evaluated by real‐time PCR. Patients were divided into three groups according to the status of the two genes and the prognostic effects of these markers were evaluated. The median follow‐up period was 57.8 months (range, 9.1–189.7). The mRNA expression level of <I>MGC17624</I> was significantly lower in patients with positive <I>RUNX3</I> methylation than in those with negative methylation (<I>p</I> = 0.047). Kaplan–Meier estimates showed significant differences in time‐to‐progression between the genetic combination predictors (log‐rank test; <I>p</I> < 0.001). Patients with a poor predictive combination were at a significantly higher risk for progression [Hazard ratio (HR), 22.579] than patients with a good predictive combination in multivariate Cox regression analysis. In the subgroup analysis, a poor predictive combination accurately estimated progression in patients with intravesical therapy (HR, 20.081) and in those who experienced recurrence (HR, 54.233). Assessment of the status of <I>RUNX3</I> and <I>MGC17624</I> in combination was identified as a reliable method for predicting NMIBC progression.</P>

<i>GSTM1</i> Tissue Genotype as a Recurrence Predictor in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Ha, Yun-Sok,Yan, Chunri,Jeong, Pildu,Kim, Won Tae,Yun, Seok-Joong,Kim, Isaac Yi,Moon, Sung-Kwon,Kim, Wun-Jae The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.2

<P>Tissue genotyping is more useful approach than using blood genomic DNA, which can reflect the effects of the somatic mutations in cancer. Although polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase (<I>GST</I>) have been associated with the risk of bladder cancer (BC) development, few reports provide information about the prognosis of BC. We investigated glutathione S-transferase mu (<I>GSTM1</I>) and glutathione S-transferase theta (<I>GSTT1</I>) genotypes using genomic DNA from primary 165 BC tissue samples to assess the association with disease prognosis. DNA samples from tumor were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results were compared with clinicopathological parameters. The prognostic significance of the <I>GST</I>s was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression model. Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed significant differences in time to tumor recurrence according to the <I>GSTM1</I> tissue genotype (<I>P</I> = 0.038) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Multivariate Cox regression analysis also revealed that the tissue <I>GSTM1</I> genotype (hazards ratio [HR]: 0.377, <I>P</I> = 0.031) was an independent predictor of bladder tumor recurrence in NMIBC. This identification of <I>GSTM1</I> tissue genotype as a prognosticator for determining recurrence in NMIBC should prove highly useful in a clinical setting.</P>