A Slope One and Clustering based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

An Gong,Yun Gao,Zhen Gao,Wenjuan Gong,Huayu Li,Hongfu Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.4

흰쥐 신장에서 Transglutaminase 1, 2, 3 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

구동억,김원식,박경란,2이증훈,이웅재,노승무,김수열 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.2

견/합성섬유 혼방품의 1욕염색(Ⅶ) : 견/아크릴로니트릴 섬유 혼방품의 염색거동 Adsorption Behavior of Silk/Acrylonitrile Fiber

金公朱,김경수,전재홍,이화선 全北大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.40 No.-

In one bath dyeing system of silk/acrylonitrile(acryl) fabric with acid/disperse dyes and acid/cation dyes, adsorption behavior of acid dyes, disperse dyes and cation dyes on silk and acryl fabrics were examined. In the dyeing of acryl with the C. I. Disperse Red 19(Red 19) and The C. I. Disperse Red 60(Red 60), dye uptake with Red 19 was higher than that with Red 60. When the silk and acryl fabric were dyed with C. I. Basic Red 27(Red 27), dye uptake on the acryl was higher than that on the silk. When the silk/acryl fabric was dyed with Red 19 and Basic 27, solid shade could be obtained with Red 19 but could not be obtained with Basic 27. In the dyeing of silk/acryl fabric dyed with Blue 80/Red 27 and C. I. Acid Blue 113(Blue 113)/C. I. Basic Blue 116(Blue 116), compatibility could be obtained with Blue 80/Red 27 but that could not be obtained with Blue 113/Blue 116.

일 대학 간호학생의 건강행위에 대한 탐색적 연구

최공옥 京畿專門大學 1998 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.26

This study was undertaken in an attempt to explore nursing student health behaviors. Based on responses from 218 2nd grade nursing students in nursing college in the City of Incheon health behaviors were evaluated. Data were collected from 19th of August to 5th of September in 1998. The open ended questionnaire which was used in study formulated based on literature review and contained health concept, personal habits, exercise, cause of the stress and stress management. The results of the analysis were as follows ; 1. The nursing student thought health as an adaptation mostly. 2. 1.8% of the student smoked the cigarettes. 3. 78.0% of the student drinked the alcohol. Most of them began to drink by peer pressure. 4. 97.2% of the student consumed caffeine-containing products. But most of them don't consumed much. 5. 36.7% of the student took the drugs. Most of the drugs were analgesics & vitamins. 6. 39.4% of the student exercised regularly. Most of the type of the exercise were physical exercise and walking. 7. Most of the causes of the stress were the burden of the school works. Most of the stress management were sleeping.

담화문법 관점에서의 지시대명사 celui와 celui-ci/la

김공대 한국 프랑스어문교육학회 1998 프랑스어문교육 Vol.6 No.-

Notre etude a pour objet les pronoms demonstratifs 'celui' et 'celui-ci/-la'. Nous entendons ainsi presenter des proprietes et des conditions syntaxiques des pronoms demonstratifs au point de vue de la grammaire du discours. Deuxiemement, nous voulons analyser les caracteres de l'endophoricites de 'celui' et 'celui-ci/-la'. Enfin, nous examinerons les rapports dont 1'information principale des cotextes du discours, par exemple, 1'information "active/ semi-active/ non-active' portent sur la relation de la reference. Les resultats principaux de 1'analyse de 'celui' au niveau de la grammaire du discours montrent premierement que 'celui' doit anaphoriser tout 1'ensemble du GN employe comme objet direct. Deuxierement, 'celui' doit anaphoriser le GN en tenant compte du genre et du nombre pour 1'accord de 1'anaphoricite. Troisiemement, 'celui+relative' peut etre employe pour eviter une ambiguite si nous voulons choisir 1'un des candidats-antecedents. Les resultats de 'celui-ci/-la' au niveau de la grammaire du discours sont les suivants : 1. Pour que 'celui-la' s'emploie comme attribut, le pronom interrogatif 'qui' doit contenir 1'information interrogative sur la personne en focus, et le pronom interrogatif 'lequel' le processus de 1'abstraction ou du choix. 2. 'Celui-ci/-la'ne maintiennent plus 1'anaphoricite avec les noms non-defenis. 3. Selon le resultat de 1'examen qui s'attache a la possibilite de remplacer des formes a 1'indice simple 'celui' par des formes a double indice 'celui-ci/-la', seule la phrase contenant un attribut voit cette possibilite reelle a condition que 1'attribut puisse se deplacer. 4. Il est possible d'operer un detachement a droite si 'celui-ci' anaphorise le GN a la fin de la phrase. Dans le cas de 'celui-la', si 'celui-la' anaphorise les pronoms 'il(s)' nous pouvons operer un detachement a droite. 5. Si le refere vise est [-Humain] 1'accord du genre est obligatoire; en revanche, s'il est [+Humain], 1'accord du genre ne 1'est pas. 6. 'Celui-la' anaphorise sans difficulte le GN, sujet, place au debut de la phrase; mais 'celui-ci' anaphorise le GN, objet direct, place a la fin de la phrase. Les resultats principaux de l'endophoricite de 'celui' et de 'celui-ci/-la' sont les suivants: (1) 'Celui' et 'celui-ci/-la' reclassifient les referes, surtout 'celui-la' prend le role le plus actif. 'Celui-la' montre son endophoricite par une relation de derivation (ex:31,32), de 1'hyperonyme/hyponyme' (ex:33,34), de 1'expression du sentiment (ex.35) et de la personnification (ex:36-38). 'Celle-la' montre son endophoricite par une relation de resume (ex:39,40) pour designer un fait ou un dit avec le sens de 'cette action' ou 'cette histoire'. (2) Ils fonctionnent par le contraste de la notion interne. 'Celui-ci' a le contraste, interne avec le GN determine par 'autre', pourtant 'celui-la' contraste non seulement avec le GN determine par 'autre', mais aussi avec le GN detache au debut ou a la fin de la phrase. (3). Ils identifient 1'antecedent avec la forme monolithique ou 1'appariement. En ce sens, 'celui-ci' anaphorise le plus proche, et 'celui-la' le plus eloigne, des deux candidats-antecedents.

不定法의 統辭論과 意味論

金功大 울산대학교 1984 연구논문집 Vol.15 No.1

佛語의 不定法은 흔히 「動詞의 名詞」라고 알려져 있다. 이 말은 不定法이 動詞의 形態를 갖고서 名詞로 쓰이고 있음을 나타낸다. 그러나 이 단순한 사실만으로는 不定法을 완전히 理解할 수 없다고 여겨져 먼저 統辭論에서는 不定法節을 中心으로 그 特性과 機能을 검토해 보고 可能한 變形을 적용시켜 보았다. 그런다음 Chomsky 의 修正擴大標準理論을 적용시켜 이를 해결해 보았다. 그 結果 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 먼저 統辭論에서 不定法의 기능은 動詞的 機能과 名詞的 機能을 띠었다. 前者의 경우 外觀上 人稱, 時制, 法 等을 나타내지 않아 樣態의 기능을 갖지 못하고 있으나, 사실상 人稱法과 똑같은 기능을 가져 外心構造에 屬하고 있으며, 後者의 경우 主格 구실을 할 때에는 品詞轉換되어 文의 구성의 觀點上 樣態機能에 속하고, 動詞의 補語나 상황보어 때에는 文과 동등한 통사관계를 形成해 줌으로써 1次機能에 속하며, 名詞의 보어가 될 경우에는 名詞의 expansion 이 이루어져 간접적으로 限定함으로써 2次機能에 속하고 있다. 不定法節에서 不定法의 主語를 把握해 본 結果 종속절의 간접보어나 직접보어 그리고 主節의 主語 等 세가지 종류가 있으며, 不定法 構文은 Equi, MONTEE DU SUJET, Extraposition 等의 移動變形이 可能했다. 代名詞로의 變形時, 前置詞 a, de 는 虛表임을 알 수 있었으나, 意味論에서는 意味 구별을 해주는 基準點이 되기도 하였다. 意味論에서 不定法이 名詞的 기능으로서 主格일 때에는 보통명사난 추상명사로 品詞轉換된 의미가치를 갖고, 補語의 경우 人稱法과 같은 形態로서 表現되며, 動詞的 기능일 때에는 人稱法보다 훨씬 意味的 節疇가 制約되나 人稱法과 맞먹는 심층구조를 갖추어 使用된다. 意味解釋上 多意性이 發生한 경우 Chomsky의 수정확대표준이론을 利用해 봄으로써 표층구조에서 의미해석을 할 수 있게 되었다. ㅣ'infinitif de francais est connu en general comme 「nom du verbe」. Ce mot signifie que l'inf s'emploie comme un nom a une forme du verbe. Mais comme cette simple realite ne suffit pas pour que nous comprenions completement l'infinitif, alors nous avons etudie surtout les proprietes syntaxiques de l'infinitif et la fonction syntaxique de la proposittion infinitive, et puis nous y avons applique les deplacements possible. Apres cela, nous avons analyse la valeur semantique d'apres la fonction du sens. Quand nous rencontrions les ambiguites du sens, nous avons applique la theorie la plus recente de Chomsky qui s'appelle "la Theorie de Standard Etandard Etendu Revise." Alors nous avons obtenu les conclusion suivantes. Premierement. au point de vue syntaxique. nous avons su que la fonction de l'infinitif est celle du verbe et celle du nom. Au cas de cell-la, puisque nous ne pouvons voir apparemment la personne, le temps et la mode, nous pourrions dire que l'infinitif n'a pas la fonction de modalite. Mais, en realite, dans ce cas-la, l'infinitif a la fonction equivalente a celle des medes personnels, alors l'infinitif est a la construction exocentrique. Au cas de celle-ci, quand l'inf a un comportement d'un sujet, au point de vue de la structure des phrases, il est a la modalite parce que l'inf est transpose. Quand l'inf a un comportement d'un complement de verbe ou celui de circonstance, il est a la fonction primaire. Quand l'inf a un comportement d'un complemnet du nom, il est construit d'une expansion du nom en determinant le nom indirectement, alors, il est a la fonction secondaire. Et puis, nous avons examine les sujects de l'inf dans la proposition infinitive, et nous en avons tire la conclusion qu'il y a trois especes du sujet comme le datif et l'accusatif dans la proposition subordonnee et le sujet dans la proposition principale. De suite, nous avons pu voir les deplacement comme Equi, MOMTEE DU SUJET, et Extraposition, Au cas de la transformation enclitique comme le, en et y, nous a vons pu savoir que les preposition comme a et de sont des signes vides, mais au point de vue de semantique, ce sont des arguments de poids qu'on peut distinguer le sens. Dans l'etude de semantique, quand l'inf s'emploie comme la fonction d'un nom, au cas de sujet, il a la valeur comme un nom commun ou un nom abstrait qui sont transposes, et en meme temps, au cas de complement il a la mene signifiance comme celle des modes personnels. Quand l'inf s'emploie comme la fonction du verbe, dont la categorie est beaucoup plus limitee que les modes personnels, mais l'inf a la structure profonde qui est equivalente a ceux-ci. Quand nous rencontrions les ambiguites du sens nous avons applique la theorie de Chomsky, alors nous avons pusurmonter cette difficulte en representant le sens a la structure surface.

익산지역에서 자동 및 수동채취방식에 따른 강수의 화학적 특성 비교

강공언 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

In order to understand the precipitation acidity and chemical composition of ion species in Iksan area as well as to know the difference of chemical characteristics in precipitation samples from the viewpoint of precipitation sampling method, precipitation samples were collected by wet-only automatic precipitation sampler and hulk manual precipitation sampler in Iksan, from March 2003 to August 2003. The mean pH of precipitation was 5.0. There was a little significant difference in the mean value of pH between automatic and manual sampler. However, pH values of some precipitation samples were lower in automatic sampler than in manual sampler, especially in case of precipitation samples with small rainfall for March 2003. The mean concentrations of each ions in precipitation were generally a little higher in precipitation samples collected by the manual sampler than in those collected by the automatic sampler because of accumulation of dry deposition on the surface of glass funnel installed at the manual sampler during the sampling period of no rainfall. Dominant species determining the acidity of precipitation, were NH₄+ and nss-Ca^(2+) for cations and nss-SO₄^(2-) and NO₃- for anions. The mean concentration of NH₄+ and nss-Ca^(2+)j were 31 μeq/L and 9 μeq/L for the automatic sampler and 40 μeq/L and 16 μeq/L for the manual sampler, respectively. In addition, nss-SO₄^(2-) and NO₃- were 27 μeq/L and 13 μeq/L for the automatic sampler and 32 μeq/L and 17 μeq/L for the manual sampler, respectively. Although the concentrations of the acidifying ions of nss-SO₄^(2-) and NO₃- were about 3 times higher than those for foreign pristine sites, precipitation acidity were estimated to be natural due to the neutralization reaction of the alkaline species of NH₄+ and nss-Ca^(2+) with its higher concentrations. Considering the ratios of nss-SO₄^(2-)/NO₃- and NH₄+/nss-SO₄^(2-), it was found that ammonium sulphate was dominant in Iksan precipitation. The major non-sea salt ions were maximum concentrations for March, but decreased with increasing of precipitation amount.

견/합성섬유 혼방품의 일욕염색(Ⅵ) : 산성염료/분산염료 염욕에서의 견/셀룰로오스 트리아세테이트의 염착거동 Adsorption Behavior of Acid Dyes/Disperse Dyes on Silk/Cellulose Triacetate

金公朱,박미라,강영의,김애순 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

In one bath dyeing system of silk/cellulose triacetate(triactate) fiber blend fabric with acid/disperse dyes, adsorption behvior of acid dyes and disperse dyes on silk and triactate fabrics were examined. In the dyeing of triactate with the C.I. Disperse Red 19(Red 19) and the C.I. Disperse Red 60(Red 60) at 100℃, dye uptake with the Red 19 was higher than that with the Red 60. When the silk/triaceetate was dyed with Red 19 and the Red 60 at 100℃, dye uptake on triacetate was influenced by affinity of the dye to the silk fabric dyed together. In the treatment of the silk fabric dyed with the Red 19 and Red 60 in desorption bath with and without undyed triacetate, desorption of the dyes from the silk fabric was influenced by the affinity of the dyes to the triacetate. When the silk/triacetate was dyed with the Blue 80/Red 19 and Red 60 at 100℃, color of triacetate dyed with the Red 19 and Red 60 was not influenced by the Blue 80 but silk dyed with the Blue 80 was influenced by the Red 19.

Ammonia 工業의 成長과 體質改善 및 展望에 관한 考察

柳珙植 群山大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

As I have referred to the prospect of Ammonia industry development and constitutional improvement up to now, Ammonia is considered not only the important material dirrctly connected with chemical industry but also one of basic materials for modern civilization. As a result of it, heneral conditions seem to grow up for the big development of this area industries in our nation, Ammonia has come to have further more connection not only with fertilizer but also our daily life as materials for petrolium chemical industry. And Ammonia industry has developed to have a great part on the nation's economic improvement. The advanced countries tend to dare to get rid of small scaled Ammonia plants of ages ago, and to try to bring up the new type process and enlarge the scale of factories. In the tendancy of Ammonia industry constitutional improvement all over the world we should finally come to use the higher priced Ammonia fertilizers and artificial fivers, etc., compared with the foreign manufactures because of the backwardness in the international competition, no matter how we carry out management rationlization and improve the industrial process in part with ready-made manufacturing systems and facilities. Therefore, it is considered that the major problem our nation has faced is that, in order to strengthen the international competitive force, we should manufacture artcles of Korean make, in low cost, made from Ammonium-materials by maunfacturing Ammonia in low cost through daring industrial constitutional improvement by way of not only bring in high technique according to the developing world Ammonia maunfacturing tendancy but also promoting plant-enlargement. Also, we must put our emphasis on developing an abudant electric power and manufacturing Hydrogenium in low cost using electrical analysis of water. In the viewpoint that our country is in want of natural resources and non-oil producing nation, Ammonia can be available for the basic materials, if we reserch and develope this area further more.

石灰石을 利用한 化學工業의 展望

柳珙植 군산대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

As stated above, we can realize that 'Lime stone' is one of the most important resources which are able to hare a dirrect connection with organic and inorganic chemical industry. 'Lime stone' is gengraphically distributed on a large scale and its deposits arc not only inexhaust ible but also rather superior ill its quality. Therefore this Lime stone Industry is considered to involve the possibility enough to he developed, and the industrialization of 'Lime stonc' call be one of new ways out of difficulty in chemical industry field in Korea, none-oil producing country, suffering with scarcity of resources in general. The materials of chemical industry being 'Lime stone', how to develop and bring up our chemical industry --- that relys on how to produce abundant electric power in low cost. Saying again, the basic problem is that electric power producing in low cost is the only way to bring lip our chemical industry. Therefore if it is possible to produce electric power abundantly in low cost by developing all the rivers possible and build up water power plants it is believed that we are able to bring up this 'Lime stone' industry with it and produce the same products from 'Lime stone' as we get from the petrolium chemical Industry.