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Alendronate가 흰쥐 뼈끝 연골판 성장에 미치는 영향
김현진,이은주,이계혁,김민석,김선헌 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.2
Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption by affecting osteoclastic function and formation of osteoclasts from their precursor cells. Chondroclasts have the same origin and differentiation as osteoclasts. Thus, it is hypothesized that bisphosphonate can affect on cartilage metabolism. This study was aimed to elucidate effects of alendronate, a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate, on cartilage development in the tibial proximal and femoral distal epiphyseal plates in rats. Alendronate (1 mg/kg) was subcutaneously administered in growing rat pups for 10 days. Several parameters such as the number and size of chondroclasts, involved in cartilage resorption, size of secondary ossification center and thickness of cartilage cell layers were measured and analysed by histomorphometry. The size of the secondary ossification centers in the tibial proximal and femoral distal epiphysis was smaller in the alendronate treated group (p<0.01). The number of osteoclasts in the both the ossification centers and chondroclasts beneath the epiphyseal plates was significantly decreased byalendronate treatment (p<0.01). The size of chondroclasts was not significantly changed (p>0.05). The thickness of proliferating cartilage layer was not changed, but by contrast, hypertrophied cartilage layer was increased in thickness by alendronate treatment. These findings suggest that bisphosphonates can affect cartilage cell metabolism in a chondroprotective way.
Myosin-primed tolerogenic dendritic cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Lee, Jun-Ho,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Park, Hyo Eun,Lee, Eun Gae,Jung, Nam-Chul,Song, Jie-Young,Seo, Han Geuk,Seung, Ki-Bae,Chang, Kiyuk,Lim, Dae-Seog Oxford University Press 2014 Cardiovascular research Vol.101 No.2
<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>Autoimmunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and giant cell myocarditis. Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is a mouse model of myocarditis that is induced by cardiac myosin. Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) are used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive targets in a number of autoimmune disease models, but their effect on EAM has not been addressed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tDC therapy in an EAM mouse model can suppress inflammatory myocarditis, a potential precursor of dilated cardiomyopathy.</P><P><B>Methods and results</B></P><P>tDCs were generated by treating immature DCs (imDCs) with TNF-α and cardiac myosin. Mice with EAM were injected twice with tDCs (with a 1-week interval) at three doses (2 × 10<SUP>5</SUP>, 1 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>, or 2 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>). The severity of myocarditis was histopathologically assessed. The phenotypes of the DC and regulatory T (Treg) cell populations were determined by flow cytometry and the effect of tDCs on autoimmunity-inducing cytokines was examined by ELISA. Myosin-pulsed tDCs displayed lower levels of DC-related surface markers and expressed higher levels of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) than mature DCs (mDCs). Histopathological examination revealed that hearts from tDC-treated mice showed markedly reduced myocardial inflammation compared with those of untreated EAM mice. These therapeutic effects by tDCs were mediated at least by enhanced myosin-specific Treg cell induction and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Taken together, these results show for the first time that myosin-pulsed tDCs ameliorate EAM, and that this occurs most likely via the induction of antigen-specific Treg cells.</P>
Fluorescing aptamer-gold nanosensors for enhanced sensitivity to bisphenol A
Lee, Eun-Song,Kim, Gae Baik,Ryu, Su-Hyun,Kim, Hyeon,Yoo, Hye Hyun,Yoon, Moon Young,Lee, Jin-Won,Gye, Myung Chan,Kim, Young-Pil Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.260 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An insufficient sensitivity of aptamer-integrated colorimetric gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is a common challenge in the detection of environmental chemicals. We report the use of a modified aptamer/AuNP-based sensor in conjunction with a fluorescing single-stranded DNA aptamer for the sensitive detection of bisphenol A (BPA), which is a major endocrine disruptor (EDC). While an anti-BPA single-stranded DNA aptamer was bound with BPA, a weak fluorescence signal was observed upon the addition of SYBR Green-I (SG-I), which is specific to a duplex region of the free aptamer. This reaction was accompanied by a subsequent aggregation of unmodified AuNPs (citrate-stabilized AuNPs) at high salt concentrations, leading to a color change from reddish to purple. In contrast, the absence of BPA elicited a high fluorescence signal from SG-I and produced no color change in the AuNP solution even upon the addition of salt ions. Unlike aptamers that are labeled at their ends with fluorophores, our strategy gave rise to neither a loss of target-binding affinity nor a perturbation of the AuNP colorimetry. Thus, a quantitative analysis with a broad dynamic range was achieved by combining the fluorescent and colorimetric measurements at BPA concentrations ranging over four orders of magnitude. Our approach also yielded a greater detection sensitivity (as low as 9 pg·mL<SUP>−1</SUP>) than classical AuNP colorimetry or other aptamer-combined methods Moreover, this method enabled the detection of BPA in a small fraction extracted from thermal paper with a high specificity among EDCs. We anticipate that this approach will facilitate further advances in the design of traditional AuNP colorimetric sensors using different aptamers for chemical sensing in the environmental and clinical fields.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Aptamer-facilitated AuNP sensors was implemented for the detection of BPA. </LI> <LI> Fluorescing ssDNA aptamer/AuNPs enabled the improved detection of BPA. </LI> <LI> This method exceeds the sensitivity of classical colorimetry or fluorescent method. </LI> </UL> </P>
김은경,곽동경,홍완수,장미라,윤계순,이경은,이혜상,류은순,최은희 한국식생활문화학회 1996 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.11 No.2
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the foodservice management practices in child-care centers in order to provide basic information for the development of a model of a centralized foodservice information center. This approach was achieved using a variety of qualitative and quantitative information including general foodservice management practices and plate waste. A self-completed questionnaire survey of 651 child-care centers in Korea was undertaken and detailed information was carefully collected at 6 representative childcare centers. The results of the empirical survey were as follows: 1. Child-care centers categorized by location were in large cities (59.9%), medium cities (27.6%) and in provincial areas (12.5). 2. Private sector of child-care centers was 46.4% of the total followed by National/public (44.2%) and licensed home day-care programs (9.4%). 3. Total average number of children in child-care centers was 63.3±43.1 with a very significant difference (p<0.001) in types of child-care centers. 4. The average space of kitchen and dining room was 5.0±3.8 and 10.8±11.0 pyung (lpyung=3.3058 ㎠). 5. The average cost of interim snack in morning and afternoon in child-care centers were 345.9±459.3 won and 359.3±226.6 won respectively. The average cost of lunch was 644.0±481.1 won. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) by types of child-care centers with a highest cost of 863.9 won in licensed home day-care programs. 6. Only a limited number of dietitian were employed, therefore most of foodservice management practice was not conducted by professional personnel. 7. The result of nutritional analysis of the food revealed that the level of energy and nutrients contained in the food was below the recommeded level (RDA/3).
Seok, Seung-Hyeok,Koo, Hye Cheong,Kasuga, Asako,Kim, Yeun,Lee, Eun Gae,Lee, Hyeyoung,Park, Jong-Hwan,Baek, Min-Won,Lee, Hui-Young,Kim, Dong-Jae,Lee, Byeung-Hee,Lee, Yong-Soon,Cho, Sang-Nae,Park, Jae-H Elsevier 2006 Veterinary microbiology Vol.114 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Skin ulcers, scoliosis, and dropsy-like scale edema were observed in laboratory-maintained zebrafish. Affected fish had multifocal granulomas not only in internal organs such as the liver, intestine, genital organs, kidney, muscle, and spleen but also in the fin, epithelium, gills, and sclera of the eyes. Large numbers of acid-fast-rod-shaped bacteria were observed within the necrotic centers of well-demarcated, multifocal granulomas with Gram's stain and Ziehl–Neelson's stain. The size of the <I>Mycobacterium</I> spp. was 1–2μm×2–3μm with a double-layered cell wall, based upon electron-microscopical features. Definitive diagnosis of these outbreaks was obtained by culture on selective media followed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) of the <I>rpoB</I> gene for species identification. The amplified 360-bp products of the <I>rpoB</I> gene of mycobacteria isolated from zebrafish were digested with <I>Msp</I>I restriction enzyme, which revealed unique band patterns matching those of <I>Mycobacterium abscessus</I> and <I>Mycobacterium chelonae</I> which are responsible for skin and soft tissue infection caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria in humans. This is the first documentation of the precise identification of zoonotic non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from laboratory-maintained zebrafish by the PRA of the <I>rpoB</I> gene; this study thus provides a great deal of useful epidemiological information and reduces the likelihood that epizootics will occur.</P>
Lee, Gae-Hun,Yang, Hyung-Jun,Jung, Sung-Wook,Choi, Eun-Seok,Park, Sung-Kye,Song, Yun-Heub Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2014 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. No.
<P>We present an investigation of the program and erase speed characteristics of three-dimensional (3D) gate-all-around (GAA) metal-oxide-SiNx-oxide-silicon (MONOS) cells. The effect of the tunneling oxide layer thickness in 3D GAA MONOS cells has been experimentally investigated and studied by 3D technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. In particular, we considered physical parameters such as trap density, capture cross section, and trap level in order to analyze the physical properties of the silicon nitride layer. Simulation results indicated that the trap density significantly affects the program efficiency compared with other physical parameters, and the trap level mainly affects the erase efficiency. From these simulation results, we confirmed from the experimental results that the modeling accuracy is about 80%. Moreover, the simulation results for the program and erase speeds of the GAA MONOS cells were in reasonable agreement with experimental results. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics</P>