Failure of Dermal Allograft Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment

Conor James Craig Gouk,Ryan Mark Shulman,Craig Buchan,Michael John Evan Thomas,Fraser James Taylor 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.2

Background: Massive retracted rotator cuff tears represent a therapeutic dilemma, particularly in the young and middle-aged patients who are not appropriate for a reverse total shoulder replacement. Interposition grafting using human dermal allograft offers an alternative treatment. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent interposition grafting using human dermal allograft between December 2013 and May 2015 for massive rotator cuff tears at our tertiary referral center was performed. Preoperative and 6 month postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments were performed in all patients, with postoperative graft integrity being the primary outcome measure. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Oxford shoulder score, Constant score, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Results: The mean age at the time of follow-up was 54 years. On MRI, 84% of grafts were seen to have failed at 6 months. Strength was grossly reduced on the operative side when supraspinatus and subscapularis were tested; despite this, Constant score (mean, 48.2) was comparable to that in the previous reports. DASH and Oxford scores were a mean of 24.94 and 37.16, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, in particular the MRI findings, we cannot advocate the use of dermal allograft as an interposition graft for the repair of massive rotator cuff tears.

Approaching Recycling of ELVs and E-waste from a Regional Perspective in Asia-Pacific: An Overview of Key Project Work and Cooperation

( Craig Boljkovac ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

The Asia-Pacific Region is one of the most important regions for both recycling of ELVs and e-waste. Through a number of cooperative mechanisms, including Regional Centers for the Basel Convention (including at Tsinghua University in China); Tripartite Environment Ministers Meetings among China, Japan and Republic of Korea; and other forums and organizations, progress at both the policy and practical levels is being made. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain in many countries, including: a lack of coherent national legislation, policies and enforcement; a lack of technical know-how (including latest technologies and techniques for recycling); lack of resources and the general low priority recycling has on the policy agendas of many countries. Conversely, there is growing recognition of the value of the outputs of ELV and e-waste recycling - including some phenomenal success stories in the region. With China’s Belt and Road Initiative and given China’s recent waste import ban, a greater focus on investment in recycling of ELVs and e-waste is taking place, with some initial success stories. In the meantime, continued projects focusing on training and capacity building for national and local government officials and the private and informal sectors are ongoing, leading to greater awareness and progress on this issue. Progress on emerging issues (such as recycling of solar panels and electric batteries), where little, if any focus is being placed by governments at present, can also be strengthened through cooperation within the region. At the international level, there is, concurrent with the recent 30th anniversary of the Basel Convention, growing recognition that the future of waste management lies with the Asia-Pacific Region. Increased technology transfer, cooperation between experienced companies and governments in other regions (e.g. Europe and North America), and initiatives through the United Nations and other international organizations will likely serve to assist in solving the significant challenges ELVs and e-waste recycling pose for the region.

China as the Leader of the Small and Weak: The "Ruoxiao" Nations and Guomindang Nationalism

Craig A. Smith 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2017 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.24

Frustrated with the “white imperialism” of the League of Nations and the “red imperialism” of the Third Communist International, a number of Chinese intellectuals began discussing possibilities for a third option during the interwar years. Turning away from liberalism and Marxism, they examined Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People and began working to promote his Principle of Nationalism as a concept that focused on the ruoxiao (weak and small nations) and could liberate people around the world that were suffering under imperialism. This discourse often centered on the possibility of creating a new form of “International,” the International of Nations, which would unite the oppressed nations of the world in opposition to the imperialist nations, rather than divide nations along class lines, as Chinese critics perceived the Comintern to do. This article examines Chinese intellectual discussions of a China-centered “International” by a variety of writers, including Dai Jitao and Hu Hanmin, from 1925 to 1937. The author shows that, although this discourse on a China-centered “International of Nations” influenced intellectuals’ perceptions of China’s position and responsibility in the world, it was consumed and invalidated by Japanese imperialism, as the Japanese Empire employed a similar discourse of pan-Asianism to justify militarism in the 1930s and 1940s.

Contact Lens During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Craig A Woods 대한시과학회 2020 대한시과학회지 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11

Tackling Geoenvironmental Problems in the Unsaturated Zone: Principles and Practice

( Craig Benson ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Many geoenvironmental problems involve processes in the vadose zone, where flow and transport are complex, and rapid changes in conditions occur spatially and temporally. Historically this complexity made predictions highly uncertain, if not impossible. Advances over the last two decades have led to substantial improvements in characterization of hydraulic and transport properties in the vadose zone and predictions regarding flow and transport, permitting practical design and analysis with relative ease. New standard methods have made extremely tedious and complex measurements more practical and reliable, and new software packages have made predictions expedient. Modern methods used for vadose zone characterization are described, predictive models are presented, and examples are shared where unsaturated hydraulic properties and variably saturated flow modeling have been used to design and evaluate geoenvironmental problems in the vadose zone. The examples include comparisons with field data, demonstrating the strengths of current techniques as well areas in need of additional development.

The Characteristics of Successful e-marketplaces

Craig Standing 한국경영정보학회 2001 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.-

Responsible Hermeneutics

Craig G. Bartholomew(크레이그 G. 바돌로뮤) 한국신학정보연구원 2016 Canon&Culture Vol.10 No.2

이 글은 이제 우리가 하나님께 응답할 수 있는 능력을 우리에게 주셨다는 성경해석학을 발전시킬 수 있는 때가 무르익었음을 논증하고자 한다. 그리고 이것을 ‘책임질 수 있는(response-able) 해석학’ 으로 부르고자 한다. 역사를 되돌아 볼 때, 역사비평학은 이와 같은 해석학에 손상을 입혔으므로, 이제 ‘책임질 수 있는 해석학’으로 신학적인 해석의 르네상스를 다시 열 수 있는 새로운 가능성을 생각하게 한다. 특히 이 글은 신학과 철학의 역할에 대하여 특히 초점을 가지고 Kevin Vanhoozer, N. T. Wright, Francis Watson, 그리고 Herman Dooyeweerd의 사상과 씨름하면서, ‘책임질 수 있는 해석학’을 제안한다. This article argues that the time is ripe for us to develop a biblical hermeneutic that takes our God-given capacity to respond to God seriously, what I call a response-able hermeneutic. In the context of the damaging effects of historical criticism on such a hermeneutic and the new possibilities opened up by the renaissance of theological interpretation, this article focuses in particular on the role of theology and philosophy in such a responsible hermeneutic through an engagement with the works of Kevin Vanhoozer, N. T. Wright, Francis Watson and Herman Dooyeweerd. It is argued that insights from rigorous Christian work in philosophy, theology and exegesis will be required for a responsible hermeneutic for today.

TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Report

Craig, Jennifer P.,Nichols, Kelly K.,Akpek, Esen K.,Caffery, Barbara,Dua, Harminder S.,Joo, Choun-Ki,Liu, Zuguo,Nelson, J. Daniel,Nichols, Jason J.,Tsubota, Kazuo,Stapleton, Fiona Elsevier 2017 The ocular surface Vol.15 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The goals of the TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Subcommittee were to create an evidence-based definition and a contemporary classification system for dry eye disease (DED). The new definition recognizes the multifactorial nature of dry eye as a disease where loss of homeostasis of the tear film is the central pathophysiological concept. Ocular symptoms, as a broader term that encompasses reports of discomfort or visual disturbance, feature in the definition and the key etiologies of tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, and ocular surface inflammation and damage were determined to be important for inclusion in the definition. In the light of new data, neurosensory abnormalities were also included in the definition for the first time. In the classification of DED, recent evidence supports a scheme based on the pathophysiology where aqueous deficient and evaporative dry eye exist as a continuum, such that elements of each are considered in diagnosis and management. Central to the scheme is a positive diagnosis of DED with signs and symptoms, and this is directed towards management to restore homeostasis. The scheme also allows consideration of various related manifestations, such as non-obvious disease involving ocular surface signs without related symptoms, including neurotrophic conditions where dysfunctional sensation exists, and cases where symptoms exist without demonstrable ocular surface signs, including neuropathic pain. This approach is not intended to override clinical assessment and judgment but should prove helpful in guiding clinical management and research.</P>

New Zealand

Craig Elliffe 한국국제조세협회 2016 조세학술논집 Vol.32 No.2

Extended nursing and/or increased starter diet allowances for low weaning weight pigs

Craig Aimee-Louise,Muns Ramon,Gordon Alan,Magowan Elizabeth 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: To evaluate the use of nurse sows and post-weaning nutrition strategies for low wean weight (WW) pigs on lifetime growth and efficiency. Methods: Animals (n = 270) were assigned to one of five treatments at 28 d. Low WW pigs (<6 kg) were either weaned and offered a special dietary regime recommended for low WW pigs (WEAN) or placed on a nurse sow (NURSE) and weaned at 49 d. Normal WW pigs (9 kg) (NORM) were also weaned at 28 d. After weaning, NORM and NURSE pigs were offered either a ‘high’ (4 kg/pig of starter 1 diet followed by 8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) or ‘low’ (8 kg/pig of starter 2 diet) starter diet allowance in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. A typical grower diet was then offered, followed by a typical finisher diet until 147 d of age. Results: NORM pigs where heavier throughout their life compared to NURSE pigs (91.4 kg vs 76.2 kg at 147 d; p<0.001). WEAN pigs were heavier at 70 d compared to NURSE pigs (23.9 kg vs 21.0 kg; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference at 147 d between NURSE and WEAN treatments. NURSE pigs had reduced feed intake throughout the finishing period (1.6 kg/d; p<0.001) compared to WEAN (2.0 kg/d) and NORM (1.9 kg/d) pigs. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of NURSE (2.20) was lower than NORM and WEAN during the finishing period (2.40 and 2.79, respectively). Conclusion: Extended (up to 49 d) nursing for low WW pigs resulted in improved FCR during the finishing period, but no overall improvement in growth rate compared to low WW pigs weaned at 28 d and offered a specialised starter regime. Normal WW pigs where significantly heavier than low WW pigs throughout the study.