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흰쥐 삼차신경 척수감각핵의 미측소핵 세포의 전압의존성 소디움통로와 포타슘통로에 대한 전기생리학적 연구
천상우,최정희,김권수,유용묵,김종구,이동근 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.1
The caudal subnucleus of the spinal trigeminal nucleus (medullary dorsal horn ; MDH) receives direct inputs from unmyelinated and thinly myelinated, small diameter primary afferent fibers. Thus, the MDH is implicated in the processing of nociceptive information in the orofacial region. In this study, the types and characteristics of voltage-dependent ion currents were investigated in acutely isolated MDH neurons of postnatal rats by means of the whole cell patch clamp techniques. Coronal slice (400㎛) of the trigeminal caudal subnucleus region was sequentially treated with pronase 0.2㎎/㎖. then single neurons were mechanically dissociated. Voltage-dependent sodium currents showed that the half-maximum activation potential was -41.8±1.8mV and half-maximum inactivation potential was -62.4±3.0mV. And the currents were blocked totally by application of 100nM tetrodotoxin. In a Ca^2+ free solution, low-threshold transient (I_A) and high-threshold sustained (I_K) currents were recorded. The half-maximum activation and inactivation potential of I_K were 2.5±1.9mV and -37.1±2.3mV, respectively. I_A was activated and inactivated more rapidly than I_K. The half-maximum activation and inactivation potential were -21.6±6.3mV and -84.5±5.0mV, respectively. When a 4-aminopyridine of 5mM was applied, I_A was almost totally blocked. These results reveal that MDH neurons express a variety of voltage-dependent ionic currents with distinct physiological and pharmacological properties, and they play an essential role in the transmission and modulation of sensation, especially pain, from trigeminal region.
CFCM 기반 적응 뉴로-퍼지 시스템에 의한 비선형 시스템 모델링
곽근창,김성수,유정웅,전명근 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신 연구소 2002 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.10 No.2
본 논문에서는 여러 분야에서 널리 응용되고 있는 적응 뉴로-퍼지 시스템에서의 효과적인 퍼지 규칙 생성 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 입력공간 그리드 분할을 이용한 ANFIS의 규칙 생성에 있어서는 얻어진 규칙의 수가 지수적으로 증가하는 단점이 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 조건부적인 퍼지 클러스터링(CFCM)을 이용하여 입·출력 데이터의 특성을 잘 반영할 수 있는 클러스터를 구하고, 퍼지 균등화 방법을 적용하여 출력변수의 소속함수를 자동 생성하도록 하였다. 이렇게 함으로써 적은 규칙 수를 갖으면서도 효율적인 퍼지 규칙을 얻을 수 있도록 하였다. 이들 방법의 유용함을 보이고자 정수장 응집제주입결정 모델링에 적용하여 제안된 방법이 기존의 연구보다 좋은 결과를 보임을 알 수 있었다. In this paper, an efficient fuzzy rule generation scheme for Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS) using the conditional fuzzy c-means(CFCM) and fuzzy equalization(FE) methods is proposed. Usually, the number of fuzzy rules exponentially increases by applying the grid partitioning of the input space, in conventional ANFIS approaches. Therefore, GFCM clustering method is adopted to render the clusters which represent the given input and output fuzzy data and FE method is used to automatically construct the fuzzy membership functions. From this, one can systematically obtain a small size of fuzzy rules which shows satisfying performance for the given problems. Finally, we applied the proposed method to the nonlinear system modeling problems and obtained a better performance than conventional works.
Immunohistochemical Study on the Hair Growth Promoting Effect of Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan
Jeong, Chun-Geun,Park, Min-Hee,Seong, Ju-Won,Lee, Hyun-Sam,Park, Seong-Kyu,Kim, Sun-Yeou,Kim, Yoon-Bum,Jung, Hyuk-Sang,Sohn, Nak-Won,Sohn, Young-Joo The Society of Korean Medicine 2008 대한한의학회지 Vol.29 No.5
Objectives : This study evaluates the hair growth promoting effect of Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan on shaved C57BL6 mice. Methods : Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan was administered orally (Group I) and both orally and by skin application (Group II) once a day for 12 days. The experimental groups were compared to Control, which was orally administered physiological saline solution. Hair regrowth was photographically and histologically determined during the experimental period. The levels of hair growth cycle related factors (EGF, TGF-${\beta}$1) and vascular factors (VEGF, iNOS) were also determined by immunohistochemistry. On gross observation of hair growth, both Group I and Group II shaved C57BL6 mice showed accelerated hair regrowth. Results : The hair regrowth index of Group I increased significantly from 7 days (P<0.05) to 12 days (P<0.01) after shaving and that of Group II was significantly higher at 12 days (P<0.05). On histological observation, both Group I and Group II demonstrated histological improvement and increases in the number and diameter of the hair follicles. EGF expression on the root sheath of hair follicles was up-regulated in both Group I and II. TGF-${\beta}$1 expression on the root sheath of hair follicles was unchanged in both Group I and II. VEGF expression in the tissues surrounding hair follicles was up-regulated in both groups. iNOS expression in the tissues surrounding hair follicles was down-regulated in both groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that Yonnyuniksoogobon-dan promotes hair growth and this effect is related to up-regulation of EGF and VEFG expression and down-regulation of TGF-${\beta}$1 and iNOS expression on hair roots.
Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Permanent VVI Pacemakers: Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation
( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Yang Ho Jeong ),( In Jong Cho ),( Young Geun Ahn ),( Kwang Soo Cha ),( Jeong Pyeong Seo ),( Joo Hyung Park ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jong Chun Park ),( Jung Chaee Kang ) 대한내과학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.12 No.1
안영근 ( An Yeong Geun ),박주형 ( Park Ju Hyeong ),정명호 ( Jeong Myeong Ho ),조정관 ( Jo Jeong Gwan ),박종춘 ( Park Jong Chun ),강정재 ( Kang Jeong Jae ) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.3
Background : Dilated cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease of uncertain origin and the prediction of the clinical course in an individual patient remained to be defined. Method : In order to understand the clinical manifestation, laboratory findings, clinical courses and prognostic factors of Korean patents with dilated cardiomyopathy, the medical recordings of 171 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (103 primary, 68 secondary) were reviewed. Results : 1) Studied subjects were 110 male and 61 female patients and aged of 56.3±13.6 years. 2) NYHA functional class was 3.2±0.7 and duration of symptoms were shorter than one month in 38.6%, shorter than 6 month 61.4%, and longer than one year in 26.9%. 3) Most common complaints were exertional dyspnea (86.5%), orthopnea (28.7%), cough (21.1%), palpitation (18.7%), chest discomfort (17.1%), and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (9.4%). 4) Physical findings were palpable liver, rales in lungs, pitting edema, gallop rhythm, increased jugular venous pressure (JVP), apical systolic murmur, etc. 5) Dysarrhythmias including atrial fibrillation (28.7%), premature ventricular contraction (17.0%), complete left bundle branch block (13.5%), paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (2.9%), and ventricular tachycardia (1.2%) were observed. Abnormal EKG findigs other than dysarrhythmias were left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial hypertrophy, myocardial is-chemia, non specific ST-T change, and right atrial hypertrophy, etc. 6) The M-mode echocardiogram at the first examination revealed that the left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions were 6.9±0.9㎝, 5.9±1.1㎝, ejection fraction 36.7±12.8%, lefr atrial dimension 4.8±0.8㎝, mitral E point septal separation (EPSS) 25±9mm, total and rapid emptying fraction of left atrium 31.4±12.7%, 19.8±10.1%. 7) Associated diseases or factors which may contribute to damage myocardium in secondary form of dilated cardiomyopathy patients were hypertension, heavy alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, acute viral hepatitis, peripartum, hyperthyroidism, and systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. 8) Most patients were treated by two or more combined drug regimens and clinical responses to the medical treatment during the follow-up period (mean 1.8±9.4 months) were improved in 63.3%, unchanged in 19.6%, deteriorated in 4.4%, and dead in 12.7%. 9) Caused of death were sudden in 12 patients, congestive heart failure 5, cerebrovascular accident 2, and acute renal failure after angiography one. There were no significant differences between primary and secondary form of dilated cardiomyopathy patients groups, statistically. 10) Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the important prognostic factors were intraventricular conduction disturbance, atrial hypertrophy in EKG, NYHA functional class more than Ⅲ, and elevated JVP. Conclusion : Clinical manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy are not much different from those reported in western countries. The majority of the patients can be benefited with currently available medical treatment at least in a short term period. A prospective studies are necessary to identify the risk factors and long-term natural history in conjunction with periordic follow-up endomyocardial biopsies after treatment with various suggested regimens to elucidate their long-term benefit.
The Effects of High Intensity Laser Therapy on Pain and Function of Patients with Frozen Shoulder
( Chun-bae Jeon ),( Seok-joo Choi ),( Hyun-ju Oh ),( Mu-geun Jeong ),( Kwan-sub Lee ) 대한물리치료학회 2017 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Purpose: This study was to identify the effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy on pain and function of a frozen shoulder. Methods: Thirty patients were assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n=15) and the control group (n=15). Both groups received traditional therapy for 4 weeks, 3 days a week. The experimental group, however, received an additional high intensity laser therapy. Pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The functional ability was measured using the patient specific functional scale (PSFS). A paired t-test was used to determine any differences before and after the treatment, and an independent t-test was used to determine any differences between treatment groups. Results: Both groups showed a statistically significant difference for VAS and PSFS score (p<0.05). In comparison between two groups, more experimental group than control group statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: There seems to be a positive effect on pain and function of frozen shoulder from using high intensity laser therapy.