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( Sang Bun Choi ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Jae Ik Lee ),( Young Jin Song ),( Byoung Jin Choi ),( Jong Han Kim ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( Sung Jae Park ),( Sang Heon Lee ),( Ji Hyun Kim ),( Jung Sik Choi ),( Sam Ry 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: The reappearance rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA after a sustained virological response (SVR) have been reported to be 1-2%. We investigated the reappearance rate of HCV RNA after SVR in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients treated with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin. Methods: In total, 292 CHC patients who achieved an SVR after PEG-IFN and ribavirin treatment were included. They were treated with subcutaneous injections of either PEG-IFN-α 2a or 2b plus ribavirin orally. Liver function tests and qualitative HCV RNA assays were performed every 6 months during the follow-up period after an SVR. Results: Among the 292 patients, 224 (genotype 1, 92; genotype non-1, 132) were followed up for more than 6 months after SVR. These 224 patients were aged 48.1±11.5 years (mean±SD), and 129 of them were male. The median follow-up duration was 18 months (range 6-60 months). The reappearance rate of HCV RNA during follow-up was 0%. Two patients who achieved an SVR developed hepatocellular carcinoma during the follow-up period. Conclusions: An SVR was maintained in all CHC patients treated with PEG-IFN plus ribavirin during a median follow-up of 18 months. However, a screening test for hepatocellular carcinoma is needed for patients with an SVR. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:183-188)
Jeon, Jong Yeob,Park, Dong Sik,Lee, Dong Hwan,Eo, Seong Chan,Park, Seong Yeon,Jeong, Myoung Sun,Kang, Yi Young,Lee, Junseong,Lee, Bun Yeoul The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Dalton Transactions Vol.44 No.24
<P>The conventional Phillips ethylene trimerization catalyst prepared by reacting Cr(EH) 3 (EH = 2-ethylhexanoate), 2,5-dimethylpyrrole (Me2C4H2NH), Et3Al, and Et2AlCl in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent was improved to obtain a congener composed of a new chromium precursor (EH)(2)CrOH, (Me2C4H2N) AlEt2, and Et3Al center dot ClAlEt2. Reaction of CrCl3 with 3 equiv. Na(EH) in water did not generate Cr(EH)(3), but unexpectedly produced (EH) 2CrOH. In comparison with the erratic catalytic performance of the original Phillips system, due to the ill-defined nature of the Cr(EH)(3) source (16 or 6.8 x 10(6) g per mol-Cr h depending on the source), the improved system exhibited consistently high activity (54 x 10(6) g per mol-Cr h). Reaction of (EH)(2)CrOH with (Me2C4H2N) AlMe2 center dot OEt2 afforded the dimeric Cr(II)-complex (6) coordinated by (eta(5)-Me2C4H2N)AlMe2(NC4H2Me2)and mu(2)-kappa(1):eta(2)-Me2C4H2N ligands. 6 provided highly active species when activated with Et3Al center dot ClAlEt2.</P>
Generation behavior of elctricity in a microbial fuel cell
김병우,Ngoc Trung Trinh,Jong Hyeok Park,Sang Sik Kim,Jong-Chan Lee,Bun Yeoul Lee 한국화학공학회 2010 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.27 No.2
Electricity generation using a microbial fuel cell (MFC) was investigated with acetate as the fuel and Geobacter sulfurreducens as the biocatalyst on the anode electrode. The voltage and power density behaviors at various external resistances were observed, as were the coulombic efficiency and energy recovery behaviors at various acetate concentrations. A high voltage production was obtained when the pH in the cathode chamber was maintained in the range of 7-8, which is similar to that used in other MFC studies. After 72 hours of operation, the voltage production was decreased by 11.5% with 30 mM tris-HCl and by 33.7% with 10 mM tris-HCl.
Kim, Mal Geum,Kang, Tae Woong,Park, Joon Yeong,Park, Seung Hun,Ji, Yun Bae,Ju, Hyeon Jin,Kwon, Doo Yeon,Kim, Young Sik,Kim, Sung Won,Lee, Bong,Choi, Hak Soo,Lee, Hai Bang,Kim, Jae Ho,Lee, Bun Yeoul,Mi Elsevier 2019 Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for Vol.103 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have designed and characterized an injectable, electrostatically bonded, <I>in situ</I>–forming hydrogel system consisting of a cationic polyelectrolyte [(methoxy)polyethylene glycol-<I>b</I>-(poly(ε-caprolactone)-<I>ran</I>-poly(L-lactic acid)] (MP) copolymer derivatized with an amine group (MP-NH<SUB>2</SUB>) and anionic BMP2. To the best of our knowledge, there have been hardly any studies that have investigated electrostatically bonded, <I>in situ</I>–forming hydrogel systems consisting of MP-NH<SUB>2</SUB> and BMP2, with respect to how they promote <I>in vivo</I> osteogenic differentiation of human turbinate mesenchymal stem cells (hTMSCs). Injectable formulations almost immediately formed an electrostatically loaded hydrogel depot containing BMP2, upon injection into mice. The hydrogel features and stability of BMP2 inside the hydrogel were significantly affected by the electrostatic attraction between BMP2 and MP-NH<SUB>2</SUB>. Additionally, the time BMP2 spent inside the hydrogel depot was prolonged <I>in vivo</I>, as evidenced by <I>in vivo</I> near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Biocompatibility was demonstrated by the fact that hTMSCs survived <I>in vivo</I>, even after 8 weeks and even though relatively few macrophages were in the hydrogel depot. The osteogenic capacity of the electrostatically loaded hydrogel implants containing BMP2 was higher than that of a hydrogel that was simply loaded with BMP2, as evidenced by Alizarin Red S, von Kossa, and hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as osteonectin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, and type 1α collagen mRNA expression. The results confirmed that our injectable, <I>in situ</I>–forming hydrogel system, electrostatically loaded with BMP2, can enhance <I>in vivo</I> osteogenic differentiation of hTMSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An injectable, electrostatically bonded, <I>in situ</I>–forming hydrogel system consisting of a cationic polyelectrolyte copolymer derivatized with an amine group and anionic BMP2 was prepared. </LI> <LI> The hydrogel features and stability of BMP2 inside the hydrogel were significantly affected by the electrostatic attraction between BMP2 and cationic polyelectrolyte copolymer. </LI> <LI> The electrostatically loaded hydrogel enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human turbinate mesenchymal stem cells better than one with simple loading of BMP2. </LI> </UL> </P>
Current Status of the Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility RAON
Jongwon Kim,Wookang Kim,Hyun-man JANG,Young Kwon Kim,Ilkyoung SHIN,Bun-sik PARK,Ji-Ho Jang,Jaehong KIM,Sang-il LEE,Suk-jin CHOI,Chul-jin CHOI 한국물리학회 2016 새물리 Vol.66 No.12
The baseline design of the heavy-ion accelerator facility called RAON was completed in 2012, and its construction is scheduled to be completed in 2021. The rare isotope science project (RISP) was organized to establish the facility under the auspices of Institute for Basic Science (IBS). A complex of superconducting (SC) linacs will be used for the accelerations of high-power heavy-ion beams to utilize the technique of in-flight fragmentation for isotope beam production and for the post acceleration of the rare isotope beams produced by using the isotope separation on line (ISOL) method. The ISOL system will be driven by a 70 MeV H$^-$ cyclotron. Many efforts have been directed to developing prototypes of the SC cavities and related components, which are the core parts of the SC linac. Mass production of all the components with proper quality control is a major concern of the project. Recently, a test facility equipped with a 330 W LHe cryoplant was completed, and it has been used to test prototypes of and actual SC-linac components. Progress on RAON construction is described.