Expression Profiles of Retinoblastoma Protein and p27Kip1 According to HER2 Amplification Status in Primary Breast Cancer

신재호,Sung-Jin Park,Hyun-Jin Cho,Geumhee Gwak,Byung-Noe Bae,Ki Whan Kim,Hong-Yong Kim2,Kyeongmee Park,Sehwan Han 한국유방암학회 2009 Journal of breast cancer Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)/neu amplification affects the cell proliferation through the modulation of multiple G1 cell cycle regulators in breast tumor cells. We performed this study to investigate whether retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and p27Kip1 were differently expressed according to the HER2 amplification status in human breast cancer. Methods: HER2 amplification was assayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and the expression of cell cycle regulators were assayed by immunohistochemistry on 153 consecutive invasive breast cancers. The proliferative activity of breast cancer was analyzed according to the HER2 amplification and cell cycle protein expression status. Results: HER2 amplification was observed in 39 (25.5%) of 153 breast cancers. In the HER2 amplified breast cancers, the pRB expression was significantly increased (p=0.011) whereas there was no significant relationship between HER2 amplification and p27Kip1 expression. There was an inverse correlation between pRB expression and Ki-67 labeling index in the HER2 amplified breast cancers (p=0.036). In contrast, Ki67 labeling index was significantly decreased as p27Kip1 expression increased in HER2 non-amplified breast cancers (p=0.028). In HER2 non-amplified breast cancers, we could not observe any association between the pRB expression and Ki67 labeling index. Conclusion: The proliferation of the breast cancers was associated with pRB expression in HER2 amplified tumors whereas it was associated with p27Kip1 expression in HER2 non-amplified tumors. The results of the current study indicate that the cell proliferative activity of the breast cancer is under different growth signal pathways according to HER2 amplification status.

수업년한에 따른 치기공과 교육과정의 비교 분석

배봉진,이화식,장기환 대구보건대학 2005 대구보건대학 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The college curricular system started from 2-years in 1971, was changed to 3-years in 1994, and was extended to 4-years in 2000. This study is a comparative analysis of the models of 2 and 3-year curricula (19 colleges plus one 4-year college throughout Korea) for departments of dental technology. As a result of the comparative analysis of the influence of changes in the number of academic years on cultural subjects and major subjects for students. 1. In curricula, the ratio of obligatory credits for cultural subjects compared to total credits required for graduation is in the order of 4-year, 2-year and 3-year system. It is assumed to be for the purpose to reduce the importance of cultural subjects and increase that of major subjects. 2. In curricula, the ratio of major subjects is in the order of 3-year, 2-year and 4-year system. It is analyzed that the 3-year system emphasizes the importance of major subjects most, and seems that the reason why the 4-year system has relatively smaller hours of major subjects is because it has a different goal of education. 3. In curricula, the ratio of classroom lectured major subjects is in the order of 4-year, 2-year and 3-year system, while that of practical training is in the order of 3-year, 2-year and 4-year system. Heightening the importance of practical training in the 3-year system can be seen as coinciding with the goal of fostering technicians of middle standing. 4. The 3-year system provides students with 9 credit points (9.21 credit points) or 270 hours of clinical training. It is analyzed to be for the purpose of making students properly adapt themselves to actual circumstances after graduation.

천이금속 표면에서의 수소 흡입의 동력학 : 수소흡착, 방출과 확산에 관하여

손기수,박동수,최상돈,김석환,배준규 慶北大學校 物理化學硏究所 1986 硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.-

천이금속(Nb) 표면에 수소의 두 상태는 R.J. Smith에 의해 암시되어 왔다. 우리는 이것을 받아들여 천이금속 표면에 두 개의 상태를 가정하여 몇 개의 경우의 potential barrier에 관해 charging과 degassing 조건하에서 수소원자의 fraction의 시간에 대한 변화율을 얻었다. 그리고 수소의 표면 fraction θ에 대해 온도와 log(θ/1-θ)의 비와 peak amplitude를 구하여 R.J. Smith팀의 실험결과와 비교했으며 그것을 이용해서 온도에 관한 desorption rate를 얻었다. It was known by R.J. Smith that there are two kinds of surface states on transition metal(Nb) surfaces. Furthermore for all metals desorption energy is larger than the solution energy. Here we present a model for hydrogen absorption of metal surfaces and then obtained the time rates of hydrogen charging and degassing on metal surfaces for few limiting cases. We also get log(θ/1-θ) versus the reciprocal temperature and peak amplitude of surface fraction versus the temperature, turned out to be good agreement with experiments. Finally we get the desorption fraction of hydrogen atom.

國産 제2인산 칼슘 添加가 브로일러의 生産性 및 燐의 利用率에 미치는 影響

辛炯泰,裵熙東,鄭棋煥 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1994 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

This experiment was carried out to compare biological availability of phosphorus(P) in locally produced dicalcium phosphate(DCP), tricalcium phosphate(TCP) and sodium acid phosphate (SAP) with 210 broiler-type chicks(Arbor Acres). Chicks were divided into 7 treatments consisted of DCP_1(low), DCP_2(high), TCP_1(low), TCP_2(high), SAP_1(low), SAP_2(high) and Control group for a period of 4 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Liveability of Control, DCP_1, DCP_2, TCP_1, TCP_2, SAP_1 and SAP_2 were 90.0%, 96.7%, 96.7%, 93.3%, 93.3% 96.7% and 96.7%, respectively. 2. Body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency for 4 weeks feeding period were not significantly affected by the source of phosphorus supplements. However, it was found that chicks received DCP gained more body weight than the birds fed TCP or Control diet. 3. The relative biological availability of P in DCP, TCP and SAP fed broiler chicks were 98.1%, 94.23% and 100%, respectively. The results obtained from the present experiment indicated that the availability of P in DCP were better than that in TCP.

傾斜地果樹園의 開園方法과 土壤管理法이 土壤浸蝕防止에 미치는 效果

姜炳九,裵基煥 진주산업대학교 1969 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

완 傾斜地에 있어서 開園方法과 土壤管理法이 土壤浸蝕防止에 미치는 效果를 調査하기 위한 方法으로 本實險에서는 傾斜地 果樹園에서 채용되리라 생각되는 몇가지 開園方法과 土壤管理法을 달리하는 試險區를 두어 降雨時 流去되는 流去水量과 流去土重을 調査하였다. 1. 流去水量은 開園方法間에 있어서는 계 단밭區가 가장 적고 土壤管理法間에 있어서는 敷草區와 草生區가 標準區에 比하여 적다. 敷草區와 草生區 間에는 有意差가 없었다. 2. 流去土重은 開園方法間에 있어서는 계단밭區-테라스밭區-標準區의 順位로 土壤管理法間에 있어서는 敷草區-草生區-淸耕區의 順位로 적었다. 3. 結論으로 10˚內外의 완경사지라 할지라도 傾斜밭區로 構築하고 敷草法 土壤管理를 하는 것이 土壤浸蝕防地面으로 가장 效果的인 方法이다. In order to find effects of different establishment methods and soil management system in the hillside orchard on the soil conversation. This study was designed to investigate water quantity and soil weight run off by rain of each treatment plots. As the result of this study, it was suggested that bench terraces with grass mulch system should be the most effective method on protection orchard soil from erosion, even though it is sight solope land as 10˚.

심전도의 디지털 기록화 모듈과 개인용컴퓨터 저장/분석시스템의 개발

조명찬,김기석,배장환,연태진,김동운,이태수,전은석,김유진 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: 현재 우리나라의 의료분야에서는 정보기술의 발전으로 처방 전달 시스템과 전자차트의 활용이 상용화 되고 있으나 병원내에서 가장 많이 처방되고 검사되는 12-유도 심전도의 디지털화와 이에 연계된 심전도 결과의 개인용 컴퓨터로의 저장, 인터넷을 이용한 병원으로의 전송이나 타 기관에서의 심전도 결과의 동시 관찰 등에 관한 기술 등은 개발되지 못한 상태이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 심전도를 디지털화하며 저장이 가능한 PC 모듈을 개발하고 심전도 결과를 병원 전산 시스템에 포함시켜 병원내외에서 편리하게 조회, 검색할 수 있는 디지털 인터페이스를 개발하려 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 낮은 전력에서 잡음특성이 우수한 대역여파기와 증폭기를 설계하였으며 각종기능이 내장된 고신뢰성 프로세서를 채택하였으며 전원 잡음이 고려된 필터와 전원 회로 설계로 하드웨어를 개발하였다. MSC 6.0과 Visual Basic 6.0을 바탕으로 하여 active X 모듈화를 유도하고 조회용 PC에서의 복원과 PACS로의 연동을 통해 순환기내과용 PACS 개발이 가능하도록 소프트웨어를 준비하였다. 결과: 심전도 검사자가 쉽게 장착, 검사가 가능한 소형화된 측정 모듈을 개발하였고 극저전류에서 동작이 가능하였으며 우수한 데이터의 압축 및 복원률을 구현하였다. 결론: 이번 심전도 디지털 모듈의 개발로 기존의 감광지에 의존하던 심전도 결과의 보존과 보관공간에 의한 경제적인 손실을 상당 부분 해결할 수 있으며 OCS에 연계된 결과로 인해 원내에서의 다면적 진료가 가능하다. 이번 연구에서 개발된 기술은 향후 디지털화된 심전도 기록장치와 같은 고부가 의료장치의 국산화와 광파일 의무기록 시스템이나 검사물의 무선 전송에 채용되어 의료 전달 체계나 응급체계의 발전에 기여하리라 사료된다. Purpose : The progressed communication technology commercialized the order communication system ( OCS) and the electric medical records( EMR) in the field of medicine in Korea. However, technologies of digitalization such as recording to personal computer, transfer to internet and simultaneous observation of electrocardiogram ( ECG) recorded at the different center were not realized yet. This study tried to invent personal computer module that can digitalize and record of the ECG and design the digital interface that can approach and search digitalized ECG in various part of hospital simultaneously. Materials and Methods : We had designed high-fidelity digital filter and amplifier which can work in very low voltage, had selected multifunctioned microprocessor. Activation X modulation was conducted by MSC 6.0 and Visual Basic 6.0. Softwares were prepared for the transfer of ECG informations from terminal PC to PACS and cardiologic PACS was designed for future application. Results : We have developed the small, portable, very low voltage managed ECG module and high quality digitalized information compression software in OCS and PACS. Conclusion : This invented ECG digital archive module can save hospital cost by substitution of ECG papers for digital storage or on-line storage, therefore ECG data can be handled in multisector of the hospital and through telemedicine. This technology can be applied to domestic ECG digitalizing device development and effective medical transfer system by adoption cordless medical information delivery.

충치균에 대한 생리활성 생약성분의 분리 및 약효평가(1) 튜립나무잎의 항균성 성분과 안전성에 대하여

배기환(Ki Whan Bae),김봉희(Bong Hee Kim),명평근(Pyung Keun Myung),변재화(Jae Hwa Byun) 대한약학회 1990 약학회지 Vol.34 No.2

The isolation and identification of an antibacterial component, from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. K. Kotch against a cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176, were carried out for developing of anticariogenic agents. The bioactive component was elucidated as beta-liriodenolide, which was isolated newly from the leaves of L. tulipifera. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of beta-liriodenolide was 100mcg/ml and the antibacterial activity was stronger than that of berberine. beta-Liriodenolide inhibited beta-lactamase activity, 50, 100 and 200mcM beta-liriodenolide did beta-lactamase activity as 0.7, 3.5 and 19.7%, respectively. The toxicity of beta-liriodenolide was not found with the method of photohemolysis.

Stents versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for left main coronary artery disease.

Seung, Ki Bae,Park, Duk-Woo,Kim, Young-Hak,Lee, Seung-Whan,Lee, Cheol Whan,Hong, Myeong-Ki,Park, Seong-Wook,Yun, Sung-Cheol,Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol,Jeong, Myung-Ho,Jang, Yangsoo,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Kim, Pum Joon,S Massachusetts Medical Society 2008 The New England journal of medicine Vol.358 No.17

<P>BACKGROUND: Several studies have compared the treatment effects of coronary stenting and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, there are limited data regarding the long-term outcomes of these two interventions for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease. METHODS: We evaluated 1102 patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease who underwent stent implantation and 1138 patients who underwent CABG in Korea between January 2000 and June 2006. We compared adverse outcomes (death; a composite outcome of death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or stroke; and target-vessel revascularization) with the use of propensity-score matching in the overall cohort and in separate subgroups according to type of stent. RESULTS: In the overall matched cohort, there was no significant difference between the stenting and CABG groups in the risk of death (hazard ratio for the stenting group, 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.80) or the risk of the composite outcome (hazard ratio for the stenting group, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.62). The rates of target-vessel revascularization were significantly higher in the group that received stents than in the group that underwent CABG (hazard ratio, 4.76; 95% CI, 2.80 to 8.11). Comparisons of the group that received bare-metal stents with the group that underwent CABG and of the group that received drug-eluting stents with the group that underwent CABG produced similar results, although there was a trend toward higher rates of death and the composite end point in the group that received drug-eluting stents. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease, we found no significant difference in rates of death or of the composite end point of death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or stroke between patients receiving stents and those undergoing CABG. However, stenting, even with drug-eluting stents, was associated with higher rates of target-vessel revascularization than was CABG.</P>

Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Stenting With Drug-Eluting Stents Compared With Bare-Metal Stents

Kim, Young-Hak,Park, Duk-Woo,Lee, Seung-Whan,Yun, Sung-Cheol,Lee, Cheol Whan,Hong, Myeong-Ki,Park, Seong-Wook,Seung, Ki Bae,Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol,Jeong, Myung-Ho,Jang, Yangsoo,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Seong, In-Whan Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2009 CIRCULATION - Vol.120 No.5

<P>BACKGROUND: Limited information is available on long-term outcomes for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease who received drug-eluting stents (DES). METHODS AND RESULTS: In the multicenter registry evaluating outcomes among patients with unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis undergoing stenting with either bare metal stents (BMS) or DES, 1217 consecutive patients were divided into 2 groups: 353 who received only BMS and 864 who received at least 1 DES. The 3-year outcomes were compared by use of the adjustment of inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighted method. Patients receiving DES were older and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and multivessel disease. In the overall population, with the use of DES, the 3-year adjusted risk of death (8.0% versus 9.5%; hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.36 to 1.40; P=0.976) or death or myocardial infarction (14.3% versus 14.9%; hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.49 to 1.40; P=0.479) was similar compared with BMS. However, the risk of target lesion revascularization was significantly lower with the use of DES than BMS (5.4% versus 12.1%; hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.73; P=0.003). When patients were classified according to lesion location, DES was still associated with lower risk of target lesion revascularization in patients with bifurcation (6.9% versus 16.3%; hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.78; P=0.009) or nonbifurcation (3.4% versus 10.3%; hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.17 to 0.88; P=0.024) lesions with a comparable risk of death or myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with BMS, DES was associated with a reduction in the need for repeat revascularization without increasing the risk of death or myocardial infarction for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis.</P>

韓國人의 毛髮中 鉛含量에 關한 調査 : 농촌인, 도시인 및 鉛취급 근로자를 대상으로

裵恩相,朴龍周,新璣峻,李榮造,車喆煥 최신의학사 1977 最新醫學 Vol.20 No.9

The drastic industrial development triggered by the first five year. Development Plan has eventually given rise to an undesirable by-products “environmental pollution”. Among many pollutants, lead has been recognized as one of the most threatening heavy metals to human health. In view of the fact that few specific and simple method has ever been adopted in the field- of air pollution and occupational medicine for the measurement of the amount of lead accumulated in human tissue, the authors have made an effort to measure the level of lead content in human hairs by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A sample of hairs was collected from four different groups of people, namely, automobile drivers, printing workers, residents of urban (mostly of Seoul) and rural areas. The salient features of the finding could be summarized as follows. 1. For the rural residents, the average lead content in hairs was found to be 3.1?g/g (male) and 0.8?g/g (female) in the age group of 15 years and less, 5.7?g/g (male) and 6.4?S/g (female) in the age group of 16-30 years, and 6.0? g /g (male) and 6.8?g /g (female) in ages over 31 years. 2. For the urban residents, mostly of Seoul, the lead content in hairs averaged 5.?g/g, and further details by sex and age are: 5.1?g/g (male) and 3.5?g/g (female) in the age group - of 15 years and less, 7.9?g/g (male) and 8.5? g/g female) in 16-30 years of age, 7.8?g/g (male) and 9.8? g /g (female) in ages of 31 years and over. 3. For the automobile drivers, the average lead content in hairs by years of driving careers turned out to be 8. l?g/g in 5 years or less group, 13.2?g/g in 6-10years group and 14.9?g/g in the group of 11 years and over of driving career. 4. The average for the printing workers was turned out to be 15.0?g/g. The further breakdown showed that the highest level of 18.9?g/g was observed from the- group of “type foundry”, 14.7?g/g from stereotype and 11.5?g/g from monotype workers. 5. For the group of 30-50 years of age, a remarkable difference could be observed according to the type of environment, that is, 6.0?g/g was turned out to be the mean for rural residents, 7.?g/g for urban residents, 13. 2?g/g for professional drivers of more than 6 years of service and 15.0?g/g for printing workers.