비육돈에 미생물제제 급여시 분뇨 특성에 미치는 효과

곽정훈,최동윤,박치호,김재환,정광화,양창범,유용희,천현식,라창식,Kwag, J.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Park, Ch.H.,Kim, J.H.,Jeong, K.H.,Yang, Ch.B.,Yoo, Y.H.,Chen, H.S.,La, C.S. 한국축산환경학회 2007 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.13 No.3

본시험은 비육돈사료에 미생물제제를 사료에 미생물제제 A 및 B 0.1 미생물제제 C를 0.2% 혼합 급여할 경우 사료섭취량 및 돈분의 오염물질 배설농도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 4처리$\times$반복당 5두로서 총 20두를 공시하여 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 비육돈의 일일 평균사료섭취량은 대조구 3.15 kg/일.두였고 미생물A, B, C구는 각각 3.14kg/일/두, 3.31, 3.42로 미생물제제 C구에서 일일 사료섭취량이 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 2. 일일평균 음수량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물 C구에서 3.95kg/일/두로 가장 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 3. 미생물제제 처리구별로 분뇨배설량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물제제 C구에서 가장 많이 배설되는 것으로 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 돈뇨의 배설량도 미생물제제 C구에서 2.23kg/일/두에서 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 돈분뇨의 수분 함량은 및 비료성분인 T-N, $P_{2}O_{5}$, $K_{2}O$ 성분도 처리 간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 5. 돈분뇨의 평균 BOD 농도는 돈분의 경우 미생물제제 B, C제제 급여구가 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 그리고 돈뇨의 BOD의 경우에는 대조구에서 $8,657.5mg/{\ell}$로 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 6. COD 농도는 대조구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05). 돈뇨의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 평균 $9,545mg/{\ell}$로 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 7. SS 농도는 미생물제제 B급여구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 돈분뇨중의 T-N 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 그리고 T-P 농도의 경우에는 미생물제제 C급여구에서 유의적인 차이가 나는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약해보면 비육돈에 미생물제제 혼합급여시 사료섭취량과 음수량을 증가시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었으나, 비료성분 배설량에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 조사되었으나, BOD 등 오염물질농도의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 가장 낮게 조사되어 비육돈사료에 미생물제제 급여시 오염물질 저감효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. Study for the effect of three different microbial feed additives(henceforth MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C) on feed coversion rate, and physical and chemical characteristics of swine finisher was conducted. MA-B had higher number of Lactobacillus spp. and yeast, compared to any other. The amylase activity of MA-B was also higher than any other. The daily feed intake rates of pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B and MA-C were 3.15, 3.14, 3.31 and 3.42 kg, respectively. MA-C had the highest weight gain. However, there was no significant difference between treatments. The weights of feces daily excreted by pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C were 2.14, 2.02, 2.18, and 2.23 kg/day, respectively. The volume of urine daily excreted by pigs fed control, MA-A, MA-B, and MA-C were 3.14, 3.26, 3.27, and $3.41\;{\ell}/day$, respectively. Water content, T-N, $P_{2}O_{5}$, and $K_{2}O$ in swine manure were not significantly different between treatments. The BOD were between 42,576 and $67,450\;mg/{\ell}$ for feces and were between 5,882.5 and $8,657.5\;mg/{\ell}$ for urine, respectively. The SS were between 138,000 and $180,000\;mg/{\ell}$ for feces and were between 875.0 and $1450.0mg/{\ell}$ for urine, respectively.

육성돈에 미생물제제 급여시 분뇨 특성에 미치는 효과 연구

곽정훈,최동윤,박치호,김재환,정광화,양창범,유용희,라창식,Kwag, J.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Park, Ch.H.,Kim, J.H.,Jeong, K.H.,Yang, Ch.B.,Yoo, Y.H.,La, C.S. 한국축산환경학회 2007 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 시험은 육성돈 사료에 미생물제제를 사료에 미생물제제 A 및 B 0.1 미생물제제 C를 0.2% 혼합 급여할 경우 사료섭취량 및 돈분의 오염물질 배설농도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 4처리$\times$반복당 5두로서 총 20두를 공시하여 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 육성비육돈의 일일 평균사료섭취량은 대조구 2.06kg/일.두였고 미생물 A, B, C 구는 각각 2.13kg/일.두, 2.17, 2.34로 미생물제제 C구에서 일일 사료섭취량이 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05), 2. 일일평균 음수량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물 C구에서 2.89kg/일/두로 가장 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 3. 미생물제제 처리구별로 분뇨 배설량은 사료섭취량이 높았던 미생물제제 C 구에서 가장 많이 배설되는 것으로 조사되었으며 (0<0.05), 돈뇨의 배설량도 미생물제제 C구에서 2.31kg/일/두에서 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 육성돈의 성장단계별 돈분뇨의 수분 함량은 및 비료성분인 T-N, $P_2O_5,\;K_2O$ 성분도 처리간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05). 5. 육성돈 분뇨의 평균 BOD 농도는 돈분의 경우 미생물제제 A, B제제 급여구가 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(p<0.05). 그리고 돈뇨의 BOD의 경우에도 미생물제제 A급 여구에서 $6,537mg/\ell$로 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 6. COD의 경우에도 미생물 C급여구에서 가장 높게 조사되었으며(p<0.05). 돈뇨의 경우에는 미생물제제 A급여구에서 평균 $8,566mg\ell$로 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 7. SS 농도는 대조구에서 가장 높게 조사 되었으며(p<0.05), 그 다음이 미생물 B> 미생물 C> 대조구 순으로 조사되었다. 8. 돈분뇨중의 T-N 농도는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 9. 돈분중의 T-P 농도는 미생물제제 처리 구간별로 미생물제제 A, C 급여구에서 유의적인 차이가 나는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 요약해보면 육성돈에 미생물제제 혼합급여는 사료섭취량을 증가시키는데 효과가 있으나 비료성분 배설량에는 큰 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 조사되었으며, 오염물질 배설량의 경우에는 사료섭취량이 높은 미생물제제 C 급여구에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. The effects of microbial feedstuff additives on feed conversion rate and physical and chemical characteristics of excreta in growing pigs were investigated. Three different products (A, B and C) were compared. Microbial population tests showed B contained higher numbers of total bacteria, Lactobacillus spp. and yeasts. The amylase activity of B was also higher than that of A and C. The daily feed intake rates fer control, A, B and C were 2.06, 2.13, 2.17 and 2.34 kg, respectively. Pigs feed product C had the highest liveweight gain(2.89 kg). However, the results of feed conversion rate were not significantly different between treatments. Amount of faces excreted for control, A, B and C was 1.18, 1,19, 1.23 and 1.32 kg, respectively. Urine volume for control, A, B, and C was 1.91, 1.80, 2.19 and 2.31 kg respectively. Moisture content, T-N, $P_2O_5$ and $K_2O$ in pig manure were not significantly different between treatments. The range of BOD values was 63,453 to $73,758mg/\ell$ for faeces, and 5,678 to $7,428mg/\ell$, for urine. SS values of solid and liquid excreta ranged from 142,200 to 176,000 and from 710 to $1,025mg/\ell$, respectively.

Paenibacillus pueri sp. nov., isolated from Pu'er tea

Kim, B.-C.,Jeong, W.-J.,Kim, D. Y.,Oh, H.-W.,Kim, H.,Park, D.-S.,Park, H.-M.,Bae, K. S. Microbiology Society 2009 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.59 No.5

<P>Pu'er tea is a fermented drink made from the leaves of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis. Two novel bacteria, designated strains b09i-3(T) and b13i-1, were isolated during the process of fermentation of this tea. These isolates were Gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile rods that grew at 25-42 degrees C and pH 5.5-10.4. The DNA G+C content was 56.6-58.4 mol%, the predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C(15 : 0) (49.0-50 % of the total). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains b09i-3(T) and b13i-1 shared 99.9 % similarity and were affiliated with a cluster within the family Paenibacillaceae. Strains b09i-3(T) and b13i-1 were related most closely to Paenibacillus ginsengihumi DCY16(T) (97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between the two novel isolates and P. ginsengihumi DCY16(T) were below 56 %. The phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics of these novel isolates allowed them to be distinguished clearly from recognized species of the genus Paenibacillus. Based on these data, strains b09i-3(T) and b13i-1 are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus pueri sp. nov. is proposed. The type species is b09i-3(T) (=KCTC 13223(T)=CECT 7360(T)).</P>

B-containing nanomaterial synthesis when a combustion wave moves within a packed bed of solid particles

Nersisyan, H.,Lee, T.H.,Yoo, B.U.,Kwon, S.C.,Suh, H.,Kim, J.G.,Lee, J.H. Elsevier [etc.] 2016 Combustion and Flame Vol.172 No.-

This study deals with combustion behavior of B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Mg/NH<SUB>4</SUB>Cl/C complex systems for the synthesis of amorphous boron (B), boron carbide (B<SUB>4</SUB>C), and boron nitride (BN) nanostructures. The raw mixtures used in the experiments were prepared on the base of a B<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-Mg precursor mixture, which is sufficiently exothermic to maintain a self-propagating regime of the combustion reaction. Thermodynamic analysis of the combustion temperatures and experimental validation indicate that the 1000-1500<SUP>o</SUP>C temperature range is very effective for synthesizing the nanostructures of B, B<SUB>4</SUB>C, and BN. It was found that B-containing functional nanostructures are mainly spherical nanoparticles (B) or nanosheets (B<SUB>4</SUB>C, BN). The phase composition and microstructural characteristics of the final products were evaluated based on the combustion temperature and solid/liquid phase changes.

Preoperative NT-proBNP and CRP predict perioperative major cardiovascular events in non-cardiac surgery

Choi, J-H,Cho, D K,Song, Y-B,Hahn, J-Y,Choi, S,Gwon, H-C,Kim, D-K,Lee, S H,Oh, J K,Jeon, E-S BMJ Group 2010 Heart Vol.96 No.1

<P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>To investigate whether simple and non-invasive measurement of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) can predict perioperative major cardiovascular event (PMCE).</P><P><B>Design:</B></P><P>Prospective, single-centre, cohort study.</P><P><B>Setting:</B></P><P>A 1900-bed tertiary-care university hospital in Seoul, Korea</P><P><B>Design and patients:</B></P><P>The predictive power of NT-proBNP, CRP and Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) for the risk of PMCE (myocardial infarction, pulmonary oedema or cardiovascular death) were evaluated from a prospective cohort of 2054 elective major non-cardiac surgery patients. Optimal cut-off values were derived from receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.</P><P><B>Main outcome measurement:</B></P><P>PMCE (myocardial infarction, pulmonary oedema or cardiovascular death) within postoperative 30 days.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>PMCE developed in a total of 290 patients (14.1%). Each increasing quartile of NT-proBNP or CRP level was associated with a greater risk of PMCE after adjustment for traditional clinical risk factors. The relative risk (RR) of highest versus lowest quartile was 5.2 for NT-proBNP (p<0.001) and 3.7 for CRP (p<0.001). Both NT-proBNP (cut-off  = 301 ng/l) and CRP (cut-off  = 3.4 mg/l) predicted PMCE better than RCRI (cut-off  = 2) by ROC analysis (p<0.001). Moreover, the predictive power of RCRI (adjusted RR  = 1.5) could be improved significantly by addition of CRP and NT-proBNP to RCRI (adjusted RR 4.6) (p<0.001).</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>High preoperative NT-proBNP or CRP is a strong and independent predictor of perioperative major cardiovascular event in non-cardiac surgery. The predictive power of current clinical risk evaluation system would be strengthened by these biomarkers.</P>

<i>CYP2A6</i> and <i>ERCC1</i> polymorphisms correlate with efficacy of S-1 plus cisplatin in metastatic gastric cancer patients

Park, S R,Kong, S-Y,Nam, B-H,Choi, I J,Kim, C G,Lee, J Y,Cho, S J,Kim, Y W,Ryu, K W,Lee, J H,Rhee, J,Park, Y-I,Kim, N K Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.7

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>We evaluated the association between polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2A6 (<I>CYP2A6</I>)/excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (<I>ERCC1</I>)/X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1(<I>XRCC1</I>) and treatment outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) patients treated with S-1/cisplatin.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Among MGC patients (<I>n</I>=108), who received S-1 (40 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP> b.i.d., days 1–14) and cisplatin (60 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, day 1) every 3 weeks, we analysed the wild-type allele (<I>W</I>) and variants (<I>V</I>) of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>*4</I>, <I>*7, *9, *10</I>), and the polymorphisms of <I>ERCC1</I> (rs11615, rs3212986) and <I>XRCC1</I> (rs25487).</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Patients having fewer <I>CYP2A6</I> variants had better response rates (<I>W</I>/<I>W vs W</I>/<I>V</I> other than <I>*1/*4 vs V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>*1/*4</I>=66.7 <I>vs</I> 58.3 <I>vs</I> 32.3% <I>P</I>=0.008), time to progression (TTP) (7.2 <I>vs</I> 6.1 <I>vs</I> 3.5 months, <I>P</I>=0.021), and overall survival (23.2 <I>vs</I> 15.4 <I>vs</I> 12.0 months, <I>P</I>=0.004). <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (rs3212986) was also associated with response rate (<I>C/C</I>, 46.7% <I>vs C/A</I>, 55.3% <I>vs A/A</I>, 87.5%) (<I>P</I>=0.048) and TTP (4.4 <I>vs</I> 7.6 <I>vs</I> 7.9 months) (<I>P</I>=0.012). Patients carrying both risk genotypes of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>1/*4</I>) and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (<I>C/C</I>) <I>vs</I> those carrying none showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.113 (<I>P</I>=0.004) for response, and adjusted hazard ratios of 3.748 (<I>P</I>=0.0001) for TTP and 2.961 (<I>P</I>=0.006) for death.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Polymorphisms of <I>CYP2A6</I> and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> correlated with the efficacy of S-1/cisplatin.</P>

C3, C4 의 Nephelometric 측정 경험

조병철 ( B C Cho ),검덕희 ( D H Kim ),김민숙 ( M S Kim ),서덕규 ( D K Seo ) 대한임상검사과학회 1990 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.22 No.1

RIA has been used to measure accurately a minute quantity of Ags, such as proteins. hormones, enzymes or drugs. However, due to the presence of a radication hazard and the increment of having to pool test specimens. RIA is gradually being replaced by other immunoassay that have a comparable sensitivity but do not require radiocative meterial. Turbidimetric immunoassay, latex immunoassay and fluorescence immunoassay are such examples. We at the department of clinical pathology, Asan medical center, compared CH 50 activity with C3 , C4 quantity by nephelometric method.

TmSR-C, scavenger receptor class C, plays a pivotal role in antifungal and antibacterial immunity in the coleopteran insect Tenebrio molitor

Kim, S.G.,Jo, Y.H.,Seong, J.H.,Park, K.B.,Noh, M.Y.,Cho, J.H.,Ko, H.J.,Kim, C.E.,Tindwa, H.,Patnaik, B.B.,Bang, I.S.,Lee, Y.S.,Han, Y.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Insect biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.89 No.-

Scavenger receptors (SRs) constitute a family of membrane-bound receptors that bind to multiple ligands. The SR family of proteins is involved in removing cellular debris, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, and pathogens. Specifically, class C scavenger receptors (SR-C) have also been reported to be involved in phagocytosis of gram-positive and -negative bacteria in Drosophila and viruses in shrimp. However, reports are unavailable regarding the role of SR-C in antifungal immune mechanisms in insects. In this study, a full-length Tenebrio molitor SR-C (TmSR-C) sequence was obtained by 5'- and 3'-Rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR). The TmSR-C full-length cDNA comprised 1671 bp with 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of 23- and 107-bp, respectively. TmSR-C encodes a putative protein of 556 amino acid residues that is constitutively expressed in all tissues of late instar larvae and 2-day-old adults, with the highest transcript levels observed in hemocytes of larvae and adults. TmSR-C mRNA showed a 2.5-fold and 3-fold increase at 24 and 6 h after infection with Candida albicans and β-glucan, respectively. Immunoassay with TmSR-C polyclonal antibody showed induction of the putative protein in the cytosols of hemocytes at 3 h after inoculation of C. albicans. RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing and phagocytosis assays were used to understand the role of TmSR-C in antifungal immunity. Silencing of TmSR-C transcripts reduced the survivability of late instar larvae at 2 days post-inoculation of C. albicans, Escherichia coli, or Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in TmSR-C-silenced larvae, there was a decline in the rate of microorganism phagocytosis. Taken together, results of this study suggest that TmSR-C plays a pivotal role in phagocytosing not only fungi but also gram-negative and -positive bacteria in T. molitor.

Cell cycle-dependent Cdc25C phosphatase determines cell survival by regulating apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1

Cho, Y-C,Park, J E,Park, B C,Kim, J-H,Jeong, D G,Park, S G,Cho, S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015 CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION Vol.22 No.10

Cdc25C (cell division cycle 25C) phosphatase triggers entry into mitosis in the cell cycle by dephosphorylating cyclin B-Cdk1. Cdc25C exhibits basal phosphatase activity during interphase and then becomes activated at the G<SUB>2</SUB>/M transition after hyperphosphorylation on multiple sites and dissociation from 14-3-3. Although the role of Cdc25C in mitosis has been extensively studied, its function in interphase remains elusive. Here, we show that during interphase Cdc25C suppresses apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a member of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase family that mediates apoptosis. Cdc25C phosphatase dephosphorylates phospho-Thr-838 in the activation loop of ASK1 in vitro and in interphase cells. In addition, knockdown of Cdc25C increases the activity of ASK1 and ASK1 downstream targets in interphase cells, and overexpression of Cdc25C inhibits ASK1-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that Cdc25C binds to and negatively regulates ASK1. Furthermore, we showed that ASK1 kinase activity correlated with Cdc25C activation during mitotic arrest and enhanced ASK1 activity in the presence of activated Cdc25C resulted from the weak association between ASK1 and Cdc25C. In cells synchronized in mitosis following nocodazole treatment, phosphorylation of Thr-838 in the activation loop of ASK1 increased. Compared with hypophosphorylated Cdc25C, which exhibited basal phosphatase activity in interphase, hyperphosphorylated Cdc25C exhibited enhanced phosphatase activity during mitotic arrest, but had significantly reduced affinity to ASK1, suggesting that enhanced ASK1 activity in mitosis was due to reduced binding of hyperphosphorylated Cdc25C to ASK1. These findings suggest that Cdc25C negatively regulates proapoptotic ASK1 in a cell cycle-dependent manner and may play a role in G<SUB>2</SUB>/M checkpoint-mediated apoptosis.

200 GeV/핵자 유황이온과 핵건판핵의 충돌에 의해 생성된 헬륨 파쇄핵의 극한파쇄 연구

김동철,송진섭,윤천실,정성헌,박인곤,김종오,김철수,김태연,이승희,조재희,천병구,김재률,김준원,김태익,박명렬,장한일,임인택 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

고에너지 중이온 원자핵과 핵건판의 충돌에서, 200GeV/핵자 유황이온에 의해 생성된 파쇄 헬륨핵(Z=2)의 실험실계의 방출각 분포는 표적핵에 무관한 회귀공식. dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)]로 잘 표현된다. 여기에서 의사신속도 η=-ln[tan(θ/2)]이고, y_b는 실험실계의 입사입자(^32S)의 신속도이다. 이 공식에 의한 적합에서 k=-0.057±0.008로 얻어진다. 즉, 핵건판과 고에너지 중이온의 충돌에서 파쇄 헬륨핵의 exp(η-y_b)의 분포는 "극한파쇄" 현상을 잘 설명하고 있다. The angular distribution of emission angle θ of helium (Z=2) produced in the collisions of incident particles of 200 GeV/nucleon ^32S in nuclear emulsion is well expressed by dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)] where the pseudorapidity is η=-ln[tan(θ/2)], the laboratory system primary rapidity is y_b, and k=-0.057+0.008. The shape of this frequency of occurrence distributions in terms of exp(η-y_b) attests to the validity of the concept of "limiting fragmentation" for helium projectile fragments produced in the projectile fragmentation regions of heavy ion collisions in nuclear emulsion.