아이들에게 교실과 수업을 돌려주자

홍인재 열린전북 2011 열린전북 Vol.141 No.-

Successful Conservative Management of Hepatic Portal Venous Gas due to Anastomosis Leakage After a Sigmoidectomy

홍인재,홍성우,장여구,이병모,이우용,오행진,김영기 대한대장항문학회 2019 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.35 No.5

In past decades, hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) has rarely been reported, and the mortality rate has been very high. In most cases, surgical intervention was needed. Presently, abdominal computed tomography can be conveniently used to diagnose HPVG, which has various underlying causes and benign courses. We present the case of a patient with HPVG due to anastomosis leakage after a sigmoidectomy for diverticulitis; the patient was cured with conservative management.

Expression of the Cancer Stem Cell Markers CD44 and CD133 in Colorectal Cancer: An Immunohistochemical Staining Analysis

홍인재,홍성우,장여구,이우용,이병모,강윤경,김유선,백인욱,이혁상 대한대장항문학회 2015 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.31 No.3

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the expressions of CD44 and CD133 in colorectal cancer tissue by using immunohistochemical staining and to analyze the clinical significance of the expressions related to other clinicopathological data and survival results. Methods: One hundred sixty-two patients with a biopsy-proven colorectal adenocarcinoma who were operated on between January 1998 and August 2004 were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical staining for CD44 and CD133 was performed on primary colorectal cancer tissue, metastatic lymph nodes, and synchronous and metachronous metastatic tumor tissues if available. Results: CD44 expression was stronger in the primary tumor than in metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.001), and CD133 expression tended to be stronger in primary tumor than in metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.057). No significant correlation was found between the CD44 and the CD133 expressions. The cases with recurrence showed low expression of CD44 (P = 0.017). CD133 expression was lower in cases with elevated CA 19-9 serum levels (P = 0.028) and advanced T stage (P = 0.038). Multivariate analysis proved that low expression of CD44 was an independent prognosis factor for short disease-free survival (P = 0.028). Conclusion: Low CD44 expression was correlated with increased tumor recurrence and short disease-free survival, and low CD133 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage. We suggest that further studies be performed to evaluate whether the immunohistochemical method for determining the CD44 and the CD133 expressions is appropriate for exploring cancer stem-cell biology in patients with colorectal cancer.

확률 단서 효과의 속성과 발생 기제

홍인재,정수근 한국인지및생물심리학회 2019 한국심리학회지 인지 및 생물 Vol.31 No.1

Probability cueing effect refers to a spatial bias to a certain region where a target is frequently presented. It is thought to be one of the representative forms of incidental learning that shows the efficiency of human visual system. The probability cueing paradigm provides evidence for habitual attention, which cannot be explained by the top-down and bottom-up attention dichotomy. In the current review article, we examined the key properties of the probability cueing effect and suggested a simple model of probability learning. In addition, we propose a possible direction of neuroimaging studies to test the suggested model and to explore the neural mechanisms of probability cueing effect. 독립적으로 발생한 사건들을 경험적으로 누적하여 하나의 규칙성을 발견하고, 이를 이용해 자극 출현 확률이 높은 공간으로 공간 주의의 편향이 유발되는 것을 확률 단서 효과(probability cueing effect)라 한다. 확률 단서 학습은 다수의 사건들로부터 통계적 규칙성을 암묵적으로 추론해낸다는 점에서 인간의 효율적인 정보 통합 능력을 보여준다. 확률 단서 학습은 기존의 상향 및 하향적 주의 모델로 설명되지 않는 습관성 주의의 증거를 제시한다는 점에서 중요성이 크지만 확률 단서 효과의 발생 기제에 관한 연구는 아직까지 미비한 실정이다. 본 개관 논문에서는 선행 연구들을 통해 확률 단서 효과의 속성을 살펴보았다. 또한, 확률 단서 학습이 발생하는 과정에 대한 기존의 모델과 수정된 모델을 제안하고, 이를 검증하기 위한 신경학적 연구의 방향성을 논의하였다.

통일 일꾼으로 자랄 아이들을 꿈꾸며

홍인재 열린전북 2006 열린전북 Vol.2006 No.6

쉬는 시간에 장승 되기

홍인재 열린전북 2008 열린전북 Vol.2008 No.1

Pheochromocytoma as an Etiology of Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries

박인재,김미림,김규,조익성,홍그루 대한내과학회 2023 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.2

권력 관계에서의 사회적 의사결정

지은희,홍인재,김민식 한국심리학회 2019 한국심리학회지 일반 Vol.38 No.3

The current study investigated whether the difference in power can influence people’s social decision-making, specifically when trying to consider the other’s intentions. Participants in power were told that they could decide the distribution ratio of additional reward at the end of the experiment, whereas other participants were told that they just had to accept the opponent’s decision. Participants in the control condition were informed that they would receive an equal additional reward to the opponent. Participants played a prisoner’s dilemma game with a computer that was pre-programmed to betray the participants, which participants believed to be another participant’s doing. Emojis (joyful, neutral, or regretful) as emotional expressions were exchanged at the end of every round. The computer showed frank facial expressions with their action (e.g., a joyful face after winning more points) or camouflaged facial expressions (e.g., a regretful face after winning more points). We found that participants in the control condition were less cooperative in the frank expression conditions than in the camouflaged expression conditions. However, participants did not show any difference between both conditions, regardless of the power condition. After the dilemma game, participants in the control condition gave less reward to the opponent expressed betrayal intention, whereas participants in power or not did not give different reward to the opponent. Rather, participants who were in power gave less reward compared to those not in power. These results suggested that people tend to be insensitive to the other’s emotional expression when they were situated in a power relationship, but rather acted according to their own status of power. 본 연구는 상대방의 의도를 파악하는 것이 중요한 의사결정 상황에서 권력관계에 따라 상대의 의도를 추론하여 내려지는 의사결정이 달라질 수 있는가를 알아보았다. 추가 보상에 대한 배분 결정권을 조작함으로써 권력관계를 조작하였고, 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배분 결정권의 차이가 없었다. 참가자들은 상대방과 60회의 죄수의 딜레마 게임을 실시하였고, 매 시행마다 이모티콘을 상대방과 교환하였다. 참가자들은 실제로는 세 번 중에 두 번 배신하도록 설정된 컴퓨터와 게임을 하였으며, 컴퓨터는 배신 의도를 그대로 드러내거나 감추는 방식으로 정서 표현 방식이 조작되었다. 죄수의 딜레마 게임 중에 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배신 의도를 표출하는 상대에 비해 배신 의도를 감추는 상대에게 더 협력해주는 것으로 나타난 반면, 권력 조건의 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식에 따른 협력 비율의 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 상대방의 정서 표현 방식과 관계없이 낮은 권력 조건의 참가자들이 권력을 가진 참가자들에 비해 더 많이 협력해주는 결과가 관찰되었다. 죄수의 딜레마 게임이 끝난 후에 추가 보상을 배분할 때, 통제 조건의 참가자들은 배신 의도를 표출하는 상대에게 자원을 덜 배분하는 반면, 권력관계에 조작된 참가자들은 배신 의도 표출여부에 따른 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 높은 권력 조건의 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식과 관계없이 낮은 권력 조건의 참가자들보다 상대에게 더 적은 자원을 배분하는 경향을 나타냈다. 권력관계에 놓인 참가자들은 상대방의 정서 표현 방식에는 거의 영향을 받지 않고, 자신이 처한 권력관계에 따라 의사결정이 이루어진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Developmental aContinuity in the Statistical Learning of Target Location Probability

이새별,정수근,홍인재 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2020 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.33 No.4

Regularities in the learning environment allow us to make predictions and guide behavior. Growing evidence of location probability learning (LPL) demonstrates that the statistical regularity of target locations affects spatial attention allocation. However, existing studies on LPL mostly focus on learning in adults. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of LPL, we investigated the effect of target location probability on visual search in children aged 5 to 9 years compared to adults. Both children and adults responded faster when the target appeared in the high probability “rich” quadrant than in the low probability “sparse” quadrants of the search space. Importantly, the magnitude of the bias was constant across participants of various ages and not dependent on individual differences in executive functions. These results provide novel evidence that implicit statistical learning of target locations occurs early in development and remains stable until early adulthood and this is a distinct developmental pattern from learning of explicit goal-driven spatial attention.

급성심근경색증을 동반한 내장 역위 환자의 관상동맥 풍선성형술 1예

정정조,김종진,김희열,윤인재,정욱성,승기배,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1997 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.27 No.8