가와사끼병에서의 저 T₃ 증후군 : 혈청 tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 및 NT-proBNP 농도와의 관계

조혜경,손진아,김혜순,손세정,Cho, Hye Kyung,Sohn, Jin A,Kim, Hae Soon,Sohn, Sejung 대한소아청소년과학회 2009 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.52 No.2

목 적 : 가와사끼병에서 갑상샘 호르몬과 혈청 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 및 NT-proBNP 농도와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 환자군으로 가와사끼병 환아 52명과 대조군으로 다른 열성 질환 환아 10명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자군의 치료 전 급성기와 치료 3-9일 후의 아급성기 때의 혈청과 대조군의 급성 발열기 혈청에서 갑상샘 호르몬과 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, NT-proBNP를 각각 측정하여 비교하였다. 환자군에서는 심장 초음파검사로 관상동맥 병변의 유무를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 가와사끼병의 63.5%에서 저 $T_3$ 증후군($T_3$<100 ng/dL)이 동반되었다. 급성 가와사끼병의 $T_3$는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다($86.8{\pm}36.6$ vs $116.7{\pm}24.4$ ng/dL, P<0.05). 가와사끼병 환자군에서 $T_3$는 급성기에 감소하고 갑상샘 호르몬의 치료없이 아급성기에 증가하였으나($84.3{\pm}33.0$ vs $109.3{\pm}37.5$ ng/dL, P<0.01), 반대로 TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 및 NT-proBNP는 모두 급성기에 증가하고 아급성기에 감소하였다. 가와사끼병 환자군에서 저 $T_3$군(n=33)은 정상 $T_3$군(n=19)에 비해 신장 및 간기능의 차이는 없었고, NT-proBNP는 높았으며, IL-6는 약간 높은 경향을 보였다. 또한 $T_3$는 IL-6 (r=-0.12, P>0.05) 및 NT-proBNP(r=-0.54, P<0.001)와 반비례 관계를 보였다. 관상동맥 병변을 보인 가와사끼병 환아 4명 중 3명에서 $T_3$가 25.0-42.7 ng/dL로 매우 감소하였다. 면역글로불린 치료반응군(n=45)에 비해 저항군(n=7)에서 $T_3$는 더 낮았고($93.8{\pm}33.5$ vs $41.6{\pm}19.8$ ng/dL, P<0.001), IL-6와 NT-proBNP는 더 높았다. 결 론 : $T_3$는 가와사끼병의 급성기에 감소되며 아급성기에 갑상샘 호르몬의 치료 없이 정상화된다. $T_3$ 감소는 부분적으로 TNF-${\alpha}$ 보다는 IL-6의 작용에 의해 유발되며 NT-proBNP의 상승과 연관된다. 가와사끼병에서 $T_3$ 측정은 다른 열성 질환과의 감별진단에, 질병경과를 모니터하는데, 심근 손상의 초기 표식자로, 질병의 심한 정도를 예측하는데 이용할 수 있으리라 생각된다. Purpose : We investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin (IL-6) and N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods : Serum levels of thyroid hormone, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, and NT-proBNP were measured in 52 KD patients in the acute and subacute phase and 10 patients with acute febrile illness (control group). TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 were determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Echocardiography was performed to detect coronary artery lesions (CAL) in KD patients. Results : Low $T_3$ syndrome occurred in 63.5% of KD patients. $T_3$ in the acute phase of KD was lower than that in the control. In KD patients, $T_3$ was lowered in the acute phase and elevated in the subacute phase, whereas TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and NT-proBNP were elevated in the acute phase and decreased in the subacute phase. NT-proBNP, and IL-6 were higher in patients with low $T_3$ than in those with normal $T_3$. In addition, $T_3$ inversely correlated with IL-6 and NT-proBNP. Of the 4 patients with CAL, 3 had very low $T_3$. Compared with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-responsive patients, IVIG-resistant patients had lower $T_3$ and higher IL-6 and NT-proBNP. Conclusion : $T_3$ decreases in the acute phase of KD and normalizes in the subacute phase without thyroid hormone replacement. Low $T_3$ may be partially induced by IL-6 rather than TNF-${\alpha}$, and is strongly associated with high NT-proBNP. $T_3$ in KD may be used for the differential diagnosis, monitoring the activity of the disease, and predicting the severity of inflammation.

자연과 실험관찰 단원의 운영실태 - 4 . 5 . 6 학년 지구과학 관련단원을 중심으로 -

조혜경(Hae Kyung Cho),황정(Jeong Hwnag) 한국초등과학교육학회 1993 초등과학교육 Vol.12 No.1

To investigate whether experimental and observational works are properly performed on the spot of education, we inquired of 185 teachers about actual conditions relating to experiment and observation. The present experimental and observational works are performed with high proportions more than 80%, but inquiry learning of the students may not be cultivated by them. In this study, we discussed the problems and improvements of experiments and observational works, especially based on earth science topics.

종합병원 간호사의 이직의도에 미치는 영향 요인

김소연,조혜경,Kim, So-Yeon,Cho, Hae-Kyung 한국융합학회 2020 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.11 No.9

본 연구는 종합병원 간호사의 감성지능, 경력정체, 간호근무환경이 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 시도하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0로 분석하였으며 이직의도와 간호근무환경(r=-.397, p<.001), 이직의도와 감성 지능(r=-.112, p=.033)은 부적 상관관계가 있었고, 이직의도와 경력정체(r=.352, p<.001)는 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 종합병원 간호사의 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 경력정체와 간호근무환경이었으며 설명력은 21.1% 이었다. 본 연구결과는 종합병원 간호사의 이직의도를 낮추기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to find factors affecting on emotional intelligence, career plateau, nursing work environment on the turnover intention among general hospital nurses. The data were analyzed by SPSS/SIN 22.0. Negative correlations were turnover intention and nursing work environment(r=-.397, p<.001), turnover intention and emotional intelligence(r=-.112, p=.033). Positive correlations were turnover intentions and career plateau(r=.352, p<.001). Factors affecting on turnover intention were career plateau and nursing work environment. The career plateau and nursing work environment explained 21.1% of turnover intention. These results can be used as a basis for reduce the turnover intention.

어린이를 위한 융 · 복합 디자인 교육 프로그램 개발연구

한혜련(Han, Hae-Ryon),조혜경(Cho, Hye-Kyung),장연화(Jang, Yon-Hwa),반자연(Ban, Ja-yuen),이윤희(Lee, Yun-Hee) 한국실내디자인학회 2013 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.22 No.1

The convergence progress in science technology and ensuing changes in educational environments require another huge change in education programs in the 21st century defined as a knowledge-based information society. But nowadays, prospective college students are increasingly avoiding natural science and engineering. So, educational fields in korea need suitable convergence educational programs (STEAM: science, technology, engineering, arts, mathematics) for creative competent person who is training and experiencing. In addition, environmental design fields are predicting about spread of Kinetic architecture. Therefore the aim of this study is developing convergence hand-on educational program which is incorporate robot science into environmental design for children. The program and teaching materials were developed by mapping between robot science and environmental design process leading the Design Promote Committee in KIID(Korea Institute of Interior Design) supported research teams in Hansung University. And then, For utility of the program, we had a 3 times of demonstration of empirical education. First, graduate students of design and robot major, and small group of children who are selected, at last, 63 children who are applying the program randomly. For more high quality program, we were conducting survey of post-empirical education evaluation for children and their parents. In conclusion, we found out highly satisfaction of the program those two groups. Also they need more organized places, time, task and so on. And the convergence educational program would develop by systematic approach and empirical research. At last, various and series convergence programs and teaching materials would develop creative competency based for regular and irregular courses of whole educational period.

골프용품 웹사이트품질이 웹사이트 만족, 신뢰 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향

이정학(Lee, Jeoung-Hak),조혜경(Cho, Hye-Kyung),이지혜(Lee, Ji-Hae) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study was to provide the data for golf marketers by identifying the relationship between web-site quality of golf product, web-site satisfaction, reliability and purchase intention. The data was collected in golf practice ranges located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province 330 questionnaires were given out to golfers who have experience purchasing golf products through online shop. A total of 312 questionnaires were used as a final validity sample and the data from this study were analyzed using frequency analysis, exploring factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple factor analysis were used. First, ‘service quality’ and ‘information quality’ sub-factors of golf product web-site quality influenced on web-site satisfaction. Second, ‘service quality’ and ‘information quality’ sub-factors of golf product web-site quality influenced on web-site reliability. Third, ‘service quality’ and ‘information quality’ sub-factors of golf product web-site quality influenced on purchase intention. Fourth, golf product web-site satisfaction influenced on reliability. Fifth, golf product web-site satisfaction influenced on purchase intention. Sixth, golf product web-site reliability influenced on purchase intention.

스크린골프 이용자의 만족, 신뢰, 기업이미지, 브랜드 자산 및 고객충성도의 구조적 관계

이정학(Lee, Jeoung-Hak),조혜경(Cho, Hye-Kyung),이지혜(Lee, Ji-Hae),김재환(Kim, Jae-Whan) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.6

This study targeted customers using screen golf clubs in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Choongcheong-do and Gyeongsang-do. The sample group was extracted using convenience sampling. For this study, a total of 850 questionnaires were distributed in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Choongcheong-do and Gyeongsang-do. After collecting 820 questionnaires, a total of 784 questionnaires were used for actual analysis except 36 ones with unreliable responses. For data processing, frequency analysis, exploratory factory analysis, reliability test, confirmatory factory analysis and correlation analysis were carried out and for extracting a structural behavior model of each variable, structure equation modeling was conducted. First, screen golf user satisfaction positively influenced trust and the hypothesis was supported. Second, screen golf user satisfaction positively influenced corporate image and the hypothesis was supported. Third, in terms of the hypothesis that screen golf user satisfaction significantly influences brand equities(brand awareness, brand image and perceived quality), screen golf user satisfaction positively influenced brand image and perceived quality, but had no effect on brand awareness. Fourth, trust in screen golf positively influenced corporate image and the hypothesis was supported. Fifth, in terms of the hypothesis that trust in screen golf significantly influences brand equities(brand awareness, brand image and perceived quality), trust in screen golf positively influenced brand awareness and brand image, but had no effect on perceived quality. Sixth, corporate image positively affected all of brand awareness, brand image and perceived quality and the hypothesis was supported. Seventh, corporate image positively influenced customer loyalty and the hypothesis was supported. Eighth, in terms of the hypothesis that brand equities significantly influence customer loyalty, brand equities positively affected brand image and perceived quality, but didn’t affect brand awareness.

스포츠 브랜드의 이벤트성 마라톤대회 이미지 일치성이 브랜드 감정, 태도 및 충성도에 미치는 영향

이지혜(Lee, Ji-Hae),조혜경(Cho, Hye-Kyung),이정학(Lee, Jeoung-Hak) 한국체육과학회 2020 한국체육과학회지 Vol.29 No.4

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of image congruity of sports brand corporate"s event marathon on brand emotion, attitude and loyalty and aimed to propose strategic marketing methods to sports brand companies based on the result. The questionnaires were distributed to people who have participated in the event marathon. A total of 332 questionnaires were used as final validity sample and for data analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used with SPSS 21.0. The results of this study are follows. 1) The image congruity of sports brand corporate"s event marathon had positive influence on brand emotion. 2) The image congruity of sports brand corporate"s event marathon had positive influence on brand attitude. 3) The image congruity of sports brand corporate"s event marathon had positive influence on brand loyalty. According to the result, sports brand companies can expect to generate profits through strategic marketing and sales taking into account the image consistency of the event and the characteristics of the participants.

초등학생의 자연과 수행평가 실태조사 및 초등학교 자연과 수행평가도구의 개발 I

임영득(Young Deug Lim),조혜경(Hae Kyung Cho),한안진(Ann Chin Hann),박현주(Hyun Ju Park),송민영(Min Young Song),김은진(Eun Jin Kim),홍석인(Seok In Hong),강호감(Ho Gam Kang),노석구(Suk Goo Noh) 한국초등과학교육학회 1999 초등과학교육 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate about current status of authentic science performance assessment in elementary schools. A total of 707 elementary teachers was involved and the data from questionnaire was gathered. The questionnaire was comprised two categories: items on the epistemological aspect & items on the actual condition. The major findings are as follows: 1. There are some elementary teachers who don`t have a clear understanding on what authentic science performance assessment is even though most of teachers admit the importance of authentic performance assessment in their science teaching. 2. Many teachers have chosen and have used experimental activities or performance tasks rather than they have developed tasks of their own. 3. Many teachers have pointed out `the lack of time for performance assessment preparation` and `the limitation of class time` as the problems of working on science performance assessment in elementary schools.

요구사항 온톨로지 기반의 시맨틱 태깅을 활용한 산출물의 재사용성 지원을 위한 요구사항추적 방법

이준기(Junki Lee),조혜경(Hae-Kyung Cho),고인영(In-Young Ko) 한국정보과학회 2008 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.35 No.6

산출물들의 추적 관계 정의를 이용한 요구사항 추적을 통해, 기존의 컴포넌트 자체의 재사용뿐만 아니라 컴포넌트 개발과정에서 나오는 다양한 산출물들을 요구사항 기반으로 재사용할 수 있다. 이러한 재사용성 증가를 목적으로 하는 요구사항추적을 지원하기 위해서는 산출물들이 요구사항을 기반으로 표현될 수 있어야 하고, 표현된 요구사항을 기반으로 하여 추적관계를 추론하는 메커니즘이 제공되어야 한다. 이를 위해, 본 논문에서는 시맨틱스 기반의 요구사항추적을 지원하기 위해서 요구사항 온톨로지를 하여 기술한다. 그 다음에 산출물들이 요구사항 온톨로지를 통해서 시맨틱 태깅되는 기술을 기술한다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 요구사항 추적을 위한 메커니즘을 제안하고, 요구사항 온톨로지의 구조를 정의하며 프로토타입을 제시한다. Requirements traceability enables to reuse various kinds of software artifacts, which are the results from software development life cycle, rather than reuse source code only. To support requirements traceability for reuse of software artifacts, 1) artifacts should be described based on requirements and 2) a requirements tracing method should be supported. In this paper, we provide a description model for annotating requirements information to software artifacts by using requirements ontology. We also provide semantic tagging method users to efficiently annotate artifacts with the requirements ontology. And we finally present how requirements traceability is supported based on requirements ontology and also suggest the system architecture for requirements traceability support.

골프용품 소비자의 구매 시 혼란이 소비자 행동에 미치는 영향: 개인적 특성의 조절역할 중심으로

이정학 ( Jeoung-hak Lee ),이지혜 ( Ji-hae Lee ),조혜경 ( Hye-kyung Cho ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2017 체육과학연구 Vol.28 No.2

[목적] 본 연구는 소비자 혼란의 세 가지 차원을 적용하여 골프시장에 과잉 공급되고 있는 골프클럽에 대한 소비자 혼란이 부정적 감정을 유발하는 원인이 될 수 있는지 살펴보고, 이 부정적 감정이 초래할 수 있는 행동적 결과로서 부정적 구전, 신뢰도, 구매지연에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검증하였다. [방법] 총 850부의 설문지를 사용하였으며, 자료처리방법으로는 PASW 18.0을 이용하여 빈도분석과 각 항목의 신뢰도 평가를 위해 신뢰도분석을 실시하였으며, 변인간의 관계를 알아보기 위한 상관관계분석을 실시하였다. 다음으로 AMOS 18.0을 이용하여 문항의 타당성 확보를 위한 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였으며 각 변인간의 인과관계를 검증하기 위하여 구조방정식모형분석을 실시하였다. 부정적 감정 성향과 불확실성에 대한 인내력 수준의 조절효과를 규명하기 위해 다중집단분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 소비자 혼란의 모든 하위요인이 부정적 감정에 유의한 영향으로 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부정적 감정은 부정적구전에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부정적 감정은 불신에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 부정적 감정은 구매지연에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 소비자 혼란중 모호혼란을 제외한 모든 하위요인이 부정적 감정에 미치는 영향은 부정적 감정 성향이 높은 소비자들이 낮은 소비자들 보다 높게 나타났다. 여섯째, 소비자 혼란이 부정적 감정에 미치는 영향은 불확실성에 대한 인내 수준이 낮은 소비자가 높은 소비자 보다 높게 나타났다. [결론] 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 골프 산업과 관련한 서비스 제공자들에게 유용한 기초정보를 제공하고, 이를 통하여 전반적인 효율성을 높여 서비스 개선과 향상에 도움이 될 것이다. [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to identify how the three variables of consumer confusion proneness affect consumers` negative emotion, word of mouth, trust and decision postponement during the process of purchasing golf club. Futhermore, this study looked through the moderating effect of the personal characteristics in the relation between consumer confusion proneness and negative emotion. [Method] A total of 850 questionnaires were used for data analyses(i.e., frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling) with PASW 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The results of the study are as follow. [Results] First, all of the subordinate factors of consumer confusion proneness had a significant effect on the consumer`s negative emotion. Second, consumer`s negative emotion had a significant effect on negative WOM. Third, consumer`s negative emotion had no significant effect on distrust. Fourth, consumer`s negative emotion had a significant effect on decision postponement. Fifth, the moderating role of negative effectivity partially had a significant influence in a relation ship between confusion proneness and negative emotion. Sixth, the moderating role of intolerance of uncertainty had a significant influence in a relation ship between confusion proneness and negative emotion. [Conclusion] The results of this study contributed to provide fundamental information on over all golf industry as in service providing point of view as well as development and application relate to it.