서울 지역 장염환아에서 분리되는 아데노바이러스 형별

조은경,이규만,정용훈,조양자,김경희,Cho, Eun-Kyung,Lee, Kyu-Man,Chung, Yong-Hoon,Cho, Yang-Ja,Kim, Kyung-Hee 대한소아감염학회 1996 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.3 No.1

Adenoviruses(Ad) are considered to be second only to rotaviruses as the most significant cause of gastroenteritis in young children in Korea and thus it is essential to know the full spectrum of Ad serotypes routinely present in stool specimens from symptomatic patients. Sixty-six Ad isolates and three questionable ones collected over a 2-year peiord were typed by standard microneutralization, restriction endonuclease digestion and PCR of viral DNA to be able to evaluate these assays comprehensively for their ability to identify Ad associated with gastroenteritis. A total of sixty-one isolates(88.4%) were typed: the predominant types were Ad type 41(Ad41)(26.2%), Ad2(19.7%), Ad40(14.8%), Ad5(9.8%), and Ad7(9.8%) which together accounted for almost 80% of the isolates. The remaining virus isolates were typed as Ad1, 31, 34, 3, 25 and a mixture of 40/41. The incidence of Ad31(4.9%) or Ad3(1.6%) was relatively insignificant. DNA restriction analysis(77.5%) proved to be better than serum neutralization but not so when compared to a PCR-based assay for identification of the enteric Ad serotypes(90%) in stool specimens. In this work, the PCR-based assay was evaluated as a tool for the rapid, yet highly sensitive identification of adenoviral DNA sequences in fresh clinical stool specimens.

고대 동아시아 불탑 구조체계를 통해 본 미륵사지석탑

조은경,박언곤,Cho, Eun-Kyung,Park, Eon-Kon 한국건축역사학회 2011 건축역사연구 Vol.20 No.5

This research was to suggest the types according to structural system of the pagoda in ancient East-Asia and analyze the pagoda to the west of Mireuksaji temple site by these types. It will be possible to understand consistently the relation of the various form of the pagoda. The results of this research were described separately as follows. 1. The Buddhist pagodas founded in the ancient East Asia can be categorized according to their structural system, which provide us with insight to understand the interrelationship of categories. The pagoda is mainly classified into three categories. The first consists of two structures, an internal and an external structure. The second exposes its internal structure to the outside, and the third has the external components changing into the internal ones. 2. Although the pagoda to the west of Mireuksaji Temple Site have an internal and an external structures, it actually solves the structural problem by adopting the masonry structure in the outside as well as in the inside. Especially in this structural consideration can be found in the stylobate and the foundation structure of the pillar. The plan of the pagoda to the west of Mireuksaji Temple Site was intended to reveal the plane of the post-lintel layered construction which has a member, a main pillar, and the inner space in the cube with stones.

$(ZrO_2)_x-(Tm_2O_3)_y$계의 전기전도도

조은경,정원양,김규홍,조승구,최재시,Eun Kyung Cho,Won Yang Chung,Keu Hong Kim,Seung Koo Cho,Jae Shi Choi 대한화학회 1987 대한화학회지 Vol.31 No.6

$ZrO_2$가 1,3 및 5mol%로 각각 도프된 $(ZrO_2)_x-(Tm_2O_3)_y$계의 전기전도도가 600~1,100$^{\circ}$C 및 $10^{-5}-2{\times}10^{-1}atm$의 산소분압하에서 연구되었다. 전기전도도를 온도의 함수로 도시한 결과, log ${\sigma}$ vs. 1/T의 기울기로 부터 구한 활성화에너지의 평균치는 1.51eV이다. 전기전도도의 산소분압의존성은 두 온도 영역에서 각각 다르며 고온영역에서 ${\sigma}{\alpha}PO_2^{1/5.3}$, 저온 영역에서 ${\sigma}{\alpha}PO_2^{1/10.7}$이다. 전기전도도의 온도 및 산소분압의존성으로 부터 고온영역에서 $(ZrO_2)_x-(Tm_2O_3)_y$계의 결함이 $V_{Tm}^{'''}$이며, electron hole이 전하운반체로 제안되었다. 저온영역에서는 이온과 hole이 전하운반체인 mixed conduction이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Electrical conductivities of $(ZrO_2)_x-(Tm_2O_3)_y$ systems containing 1, 3 and 5mol% of $ZrO_2$ have been measured as a function of temperature and of oxygen partial pressure at temperatures from 600 to 1,100$^{\circ}$C and oxygen partial pressures from $10^{-5}$ to $2{\times}10^{-1}atm$. Plots of log conductivity vs. 1/T are found to be linear and average activation energy is 1.51 eV. The electrical conductivity dependences on PO$_2$ are different at two temperature regions, indicating ${\sigma}{\alpha}PO_2^{1/5.3}$ and ${\sigma}{\alpha}PO_2^{1/10.7}$ at high-and low-temperature regions, respectively. The defect of $(ZrO_2)_x-(Tm_2O_3)_y$ system is $V_{Tm}^{'''}$ and an electron hole is suggested as a carrier at high temperature region. At low temperature region, a mixed ionic and hole conduction is reasonable.

골 전이 병변의 증상 조절과 치료

조은경 ( Eun Kyung Cho ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.81 No.3

The bone is a very common site of metastasis in patients with advanced cancer. Bone metastases can cause a wide range of symptoms and complications, such as pain, pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia. The aim of treatment is to reduce the risk of skeletal related events, which in turn can increase quality of life and life expectancy. The main therapeutic alternatives directed at treating bone metastases in advanced cancer have been orthopedic stabilization, radiotherapy, bisphosphonates, and radioisotope treatment, in conjunction with chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Drugs used for pain relief include non-opioid analgesics, opioid, and adjuvant analgesics. Most patients require a combination of medications for optimal pain relief. It has been demonstrated that single-fraction radiotherapy with 1 × 8 Gy is as effective for pain relief as multi-fraction regimens. Painful bone metastasis with pathologic fracture or spinal cord compression should be treated with multi-fraction long-course radiotherapy. Denosumab, a new generation of bone metastasis treatment, is a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclast maturation, activation, and function by binding to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand, with the final result being a reduced rate of bone resorption. (Korean J Med 2011;81:300-306)

衝動性과 攻擊性向이 强力犯罪에 미치는 影響

趙恩慶(Cho Eun-Kyung) 한국형사법무정책연구원 1997 형사정책연구 Vol.30 No.-

미륵사지서탑의 목구조 표현과 해석

조은경(Cho Eun-Kyung) 대한건축학회 2010 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.26 No.12

The purpose of this study was to understand the presentation of wooden structure in the elevation of Mireuksajiseotap. Mireuksajiseotap is the stone pagoda in the western area of Mireuksaji. It has been said that the pagoda was only the adaptation of wooden pagoda because it was made with stone. But through the dismantle and investigation of this pagoda it revealed that the cental column is from 1st floor to 4th floor and how the elevation members are composed. And it can be understood that this pagoda is the only adaptation of elevation in wooden architecture or the interpretation of wooden structure. This study is progressed first by the analysis of interrelationship between Mireuksajiseotap and so called 'wooden tower pagoda', after that it is need to analyze the elevation members of the pagoda. The results of this study were as follows; Mireuksajiseotap has interrelated with ancient wooden tower pagoda. First in Mireuksajiseotap the horizontal members are amphasized by being piled up one on another. Second the only members inserted to inner structural part in this pagoda is the 'upper roof support stone' as the 'bo(梁)', insertion members in wooden tower pagoda. Third there are members containing two different direction and characters in one piece. Of course as the pagoda had made with stone, it could not but differ from wooden pagoda. But the composition of elevation members had been based on the sufficient understanding of structural characteristics in wooden pagoda.

3차원 긍정적 행동지원 전략에 대한 보육교사와 특수교사의 중요도와 실행도 분석

조은경(Cho, Eun-Kyung),조윤경(Cho, Youn-Kyung) 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2017 특수교육 Vol.16 No.4

연구목적: 본 연구는 장애통합 어린이집에서 근무하는 보육교사와 특수교사를 대상으로 기관 차원의 1차, 소집단 차원의 2차, 개별적 차원의 3차 하위 영역을 포함하는 3차원의 긍정적 행동지원(PBS) 전략에 대한 중요도 인식과 그에 따른 실행정도가 얼마나 이루어지고 있는지 비교하여 보육교사와 특수교사의 긍정적 행동지원에 대한 중요도 인식과 실행도를 높일 수 있는 방법을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구방법: 장애통합어린이집의 보육교사와 특수교사 300명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였고, 수집된 자료(208명)는 IBM SPSS Statistics 20 프로그램으로 통계적 분석 및 대응 표본 t 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 첫째, 1차, 2차, 3차 하위 전략에서 보육교사와 특수교사 집단 내의 중요도와 실행도 간에 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 둘째, 1차, 2차, 3차 하위 영역을 포함하는 긍정적 행동지원(PBS) 전략에 대한 보육교사와 특수교사 집단 간에 중요도와 실행도에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 통합학급에서 보육교사와 특수교사의 실행도를 높이기 위한 방법으로 실행 중심의 교수전략에 대한 교사 교육과 전문가 자문을 통해 실제로 적용해볼 수 있는 기회를 마련하는 것과 사례중심의 연속적인 교육을 통한 교사연수 등이 필요함을 제시하였다. Purpose: This study intended to investigate the recognition of importance and the implementation status of 3-level positive behavior support(PBS)(center based level 1, small group based level 2, and individual based level 3) strategies between child care and education teachers and special education teachers at an inclusive child care and education center. Method: This study performed surveys containing the 3 level PBS items. A total of 221 responses(73.6%) from 50 centers in Seoul, Gyenggi-do, and Incheon were statistically analyzed . The surveys used IBM SPSS Statistics program to analyze the data with the paired sample t-test. Results: The child care and education teachers and the special education teachers showed significant differences between the recognition and the implementation of all 3-level PBS strategies. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the recognition and the implementation of 3-level PBS strategies. Conclusion: To improve the implementation of 3-level PBS strategies and the individual based level 3 PBS strategies, in-service teacher education with “hands-on” practice, follow-up coaching, or consultation on implementation with professionals and in-service training workshop based on the case were suggested.

소나무 새순 에탄올 추출물의 angiotensin converting enzyme, xanthine oxidase 및 nitrix oxide synthase 활성

조은경(Eun Kyung Cho),송효주(Hyo Ju Song),조혜은(Hea Eun Cho),김미향(Mihyang Kim),최인순(In Soon Choi),최영주(Young Ju Choi) 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.11

본 연구에서는 솔순의 기능성에 관한 연구를 위하여 에탄올 추출물로 여러 가지 생리활성과 아질산염 소거작용에 대하여 분석하였다. 우선, 솔순의 항산화 활성을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH, SOD 유사활성, XO 저해활성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 DPPH법을 통해 측정한 솔순의 항산화력은 1 ㎎/㎖에서 88.9%의 radical 소거능을 나타내었으며, 동량의 BHA와 비교했을 때 유사한 항산화력이 측정되었다. 이것은 솔잎보다 항산화 활성이 높은 것으로 솔순의 항산화력에 관한 높은 이용가치를 의미한다. SOD 유사활성은 10 ㎎/㎖ 농도에서 47.9%로 비교적 높은 SOD 유사활성을 나타내었다. Xanthine oxidase 저해활성 측정 실험에서는 1 ㎎/㎖에서 71.9%의 높은 xanthine oxidase 저해 활성을 나타내었다. Tyrosinase의 저해 효과는 시료의 농도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나 전체적인 활성은 4 ㎎/㎖의 솔순 에탄올 추출물에서 15.2%로 나타났다. 솔순 추출물에 대한 항균력을 조사하기 위해 식중독균주인 S. aureus, E. coli, V. paraheamolyticus에 대한 성장저해 효과를 측정하였다. 그 결과 E. coli와 V. paraheamolyticus에 대해 높은 항균력을 나타냈다. 항고혈압 측정실험에서는 시판되는 항고혈압제와 동일한 농도(1 ㎍/㎖)에서 captopril은 93.0%, 솔순은 50.6%의 저해률을 나타냈으며, 100 ㎍/㎖에서는 60.8%의 저해률을 나타내어 ACE 저해 활성이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. 또한 LPS에 의하여 유도된 NO 합성은 200 ㎍/㎖ 농도의 솔순 에탄올 추출물을 처리함으로서 NO 합성률이 54.0% 정도 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 솔순 에탄올 추출물이 면역기능과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 나타내고 있다. 이상의 결과로 보아 솔순 에탄올 추출물의 우수한 생리활성을 증명하고 있고, 또한 솔잎 추출물에 비해 항산화력, 자유레디칼 소거활성능, 미백효과, 면역활성 및 항고혈압 효과가 높은 것으로 나타나 기능성식품의 소재로서 그 활용도가 높을 것으로 판단된다. Pine trees (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zacc.) have been used as a traditional health-promoting medicinal food in Korea. This research was performed to determine the antioxidative and antibacterial activities, tyrosinase, nitric oxide synthesis, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and xanthine oxidase inhibition effects of the pine bud ethanol extract (PBE). Antioxidative activities of PBE were measured by using 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase-like activity (SODA). DPPH radical scavenging and SOD-like activities of PBE were remarkably increased in a dose-dependent manner, and were about 88.9% and 47.9% at 1 ㎎/㎖ and 10 ㎎/㎖, respectively. The xanthine oxidase and angiotensin converting enzyme activities were inhibited about 71.9% and 60.8% at 1 ㎎/㎖ and 100 ㎍/㎖ of PBE, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of PBE were slightly increased in a dose-dependent manner. The PBE showed strong antimicrobial activities on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Vibrio paraheamolyticus. Stimulation of the macrophages RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in increased production of nitric oxide (NO) in the medium. However, NO synthesis was reduced up to 54% by addition of PBE at 200 ㎍/㎖. These results revealed that pine buds have a strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity, and exhibit angiotensin converting enzyme and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities. This suggests that pine buds have the greatest property as a source for natural health products.

오미자 발효음료의 알코올 분해능과 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 및 α-Glucosidase 저해효과

조은경(Eun Kyung Cho),조혜은(Hea Eun Cho),최영주(Young Ju Choi) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.5

전통발효식품의 기능성을 증명하기 위하여 경상남도 거창 농가로부터 구입한 오미자를 발효시켜 오미자 발효액을 제조하였으며, 여러 가지 생리활성에 대하여 조사하였다. 우선 오미자 발효액의 혈전분해능에 대해 분석한 결과, 혈전용 해제로 알려져 있는 plasmin보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 항고혈압 활성 측정 실험에서는 현재 시판되고 있는 항고혈압제인 captopril은 93.4%의 ACE 억제효과가 나타났고, 5배 희석한 오미자 발효액(20%)에서는 94.8%의 높은 저해활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 오미자 발효액은 인체에 부작용이적은 천연 항고혈압소재로서 이용가능성이 높은 것으로 사료된다. 혈당 강하 효과를 조사하기 위하여 α-amylase와 α-glucosidase 활성억제 효과를 측정하였다. 오미자 발효액의 pancreatin α-amylase에 대한 저해 효과를 검토한 결과 오미자 발효액 25%의 농도에서 7.4%의 저해효과가 나타났고 오미자 발효원액인 100%에서는 100%의 높은 α-amylase 저해효과를 나타냈다. 따라서 오미자 발효액의 α-amylase 저해활성은 우수한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 오미자 발효액의 α-glucosidase 활성억제를 조사한 결과 30%의 농도에서 15.8%, 60%의 농도에서 49%의 저해활성을 나타냈다. 아질 산염 소거능 측정 실험에서는 positive control인 Vit. C 0.1% 의 경우 ? 1.2와 3.0에서는 61~76%, ? 6.0에서는 49%의 소거능을 보인 반면 오미자 발효원액(100%)의 경우 ? 1.2와 3.0에서는 72~96%, ? 6.0에서는 68%의 소거능을 나타내었다. 오미자 발효액의 숙취해소 효능은 ADH와 ALDH 활성증진에 오미자 발효액이 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 증명하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 오미자 발효액은 acetaldehyde 분해능은 없는 반면, 알코올 분해능은 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 오미자 발효액의 우수한 기능성식품으로서의 이용 가능성에 대한 기초자료로 그 가치가 기대된다. The nutraceutical role of fermented omija (Schizandra chinensis) beverage (FOB) was determined through the analysis of fibrinolytic and alcohol metabolizing activities, nitrite scavenging activity, and angiotensin converting enzyme and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. Firstly, FOB increased fibrinolytic activity in a dosedependent manner and indicated angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity of 94.8% at 20% FOB (0.6 ㎎/㎖). In addition, the inhibitory activities of FOB on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were determined to be 100% at 100% FOB (3 ㎎/㎖) and 49% at 60% FOB (1.8 ㎎/㎖), respectively. Nitrite scavenging activity of FOB was about 96.1%, 72.3%, and 68.3% on ? 1.2, 3.0, and 6.0 at 100% FOB, respectively. To determine influence of FOB on alcohol metabolism, the generating activities of reduced-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) were measured. Facilitating rate of ADH activity was 70.3% at 50% FOB, but ALDH activity was not affected. These results revealed that FOB has a strong alcohol metabolizing activity, and fibrinolytic and nitrite scavenging activities and exhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

몽골의 부패 현황 및 반부패 정책

조은경(Cho Eun Kyung) 한국부패학회 2004 한국부패학회보 Vol.9 No.3

This paper is to introduce the corruption and anti-corruption countermeasures in Mongolia. In most cases the corruption and the anti-corruption studies were limited to highly developed nations including the United States of America. But anti-corruption effort must be urgently needed not only in advanced countries, but throughout underdeveloped and developing countries. Corruption is often compared to an iceberg, whose tip showing on the surface is extremely small compared to the gigantic part hidden underwater. In the case of corruption also, the part showing is meager, while the size of the hidden reality is hard to even estimate. In order to uproot iceberg like corruption, we need a holistic and systematic approach. Through comparison and analysis of various country studies, we will find another side of corruption. Based on case study of Mongolia, we realize the similarity to develop anti-corruption countermeasures, and we can find there are some differences. However, this research is only the beginning of the country studies. In order to present more practical, relevant and effective anti-corruption measures in the future, such research must be continued.