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Pragmatically Factive Implication of Even If
정영한,Younghan Chung 한국영미어문학회 2015 영미어문학 Vol.- No.117
S ince Pollock (1976), there has been much debate on the so-called consequent-entailment problem of even if P, Q (eP > Q ). Researchers such as Bennett (1982, 2003), L ycan (1991), Barker (1991, 199 4 ), and G uerzoni & L im (2007) tried to offer explanations about this linguistic phenomenon. However, in most cases, eP > Q generates a factive implicature rather than an entailment, which this paper endeavors to explain. The present study also presents conditions for pragmatically factive implication (PF I ) of the consequent of eP > Q . For eP > Q to be felicitous, P should be at a point on a given scale low enough to make eP > Q sufficiently informative. The consequent of eP > Q has PF I iff P is at the lowest point on a given scale or alternative conditions at lower points than P are pragmatically excluded either for their pragmatic irrelevance or pragmatic impossibility. Their pragmatic relevance is determined by mutual knowledge between the speaker and the hearer(s), and their pragmatic possibility is by world knowledge
임대아파트 장기수선 대체안 검토를 위한 CAFM 시스템 개발
정영한,박태근,김광우,김창덕,김옥규,황영삼,박홍석 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1
In the case of rental apartment. the special Quality continuously preservation administration business consist and saves up Long-term Maintenance expense voluntarily. Because business surrounding that this can control preservation administration business whole is possible. administration of repair work is easy. Do system development that introduce technique for long-term strategy establishment in CAFM by purpose. Estimation of system to develop is as following: Can reduce time that take in LCC calculation because approach automatically to information of necessary facility in LCC calculation and know repair time as is easy. It is possible that execute selection of item that is examined in long-term maintenance plan as efficient and correct. Priority injection of budget by facility deteriorated degree is consisted preferentially using FCI.
임대아파트 유지관리를 위한 성장형 데이터베이스 모델에 관한 연구
정영한,박태근,김광우,김창덕,김옥규,황영삼,박홍석 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2
In making social sympathy about the drafting of a mid-long term of maintenance plan and the development of building maintenance database for technique support, the target of this study is rental apartments admitting a variety of objects to data model in maintenance. For the development of database in maintenance, it shows that the database model is possible for the references of AS-IS modeling and function model and continuous work analysis by function and process analysis. Also, the structure of model at this study will be applied in maintenance as well as construction needed the development of database. To get continuous growth in maintenance information, it has been necessary to take a standard of information in plan, design, construction, and management. After this, it would be required to develop the South Korea-type FMS(Facilities Management Classes) based on IFC(Industry Foundation Classes)
정영한,류재정,Jeong, Young-Han,Ryoo, Jae-Jeong The Korean Society of Analytical Science 2010 분석과학 Vol.23 No.1
(R)-N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl (DNB) phenylglycinol로 부터 만들어진 키랄 선택제가 라세미 Nacylnaphthylalkylamines의 분리에 HPLC 키랄 정지상으로 이용된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 (R)-phenylglycinol 유도체 키랄 선택제를 이용하여 키랄 크로마토그래피와 NMR 분광법에 의한 광학순도를 측정하였다. NMR과 HPLC 실험결과를 참값과 비교하여 각 광학순도 측정값의 정확도와 정밀도를 계산하였다. NMR 방법의 오차는 +2.2%, 평균 RSD는 4.54% 이었고, HPLC 방법의 오차는 -3.5%, 평균 상대표준편차는 3.23% 이었다. (R)-N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl (DNB) phenylglycinol derived chiral selector was used as a HPLC chiral stationary phase (CSP) for the resolution of racemic N-acylnaphthylalkylamines. In this study, determination of optical purity was performed by both chiral chromatography and NMR spectroscopy by using the (R)-phenylglycinol derived chiral selector. The data of accuracy and precision of each optical purity value are calculated from the results of NMR and HPLC experiments by comparing with true value. Average error of the NMR method was +2.2% with average RSD of 4.54%, while that of HPLC method was -3.5% with average RSD of 3.23%.
정영한,이재승,조봉호 (사)한국교육녹색환경연구원 2010 교육·녹색환경연구 Vol.9 No.2
This study is to present an engineering solution for the repair frequency and repair rates of a building. The existing data for the repair frequency and repair rates are used to draw the probability distribution for the generalized repair frequency and repair rate in a building. The suggested methodology can be widely used for most buildings to estimate the legal repair frequency and repair rates . Also, the methodology can be applied to resolve the risks on the maintenance costs in LC (Life Cycle) plans or LCC (Life Cycle Cost) analysis. As the future studies, there are the multiple regression analysis including the parameters on incurred costs and the decision methods on efficient repair and replacement.
The Empty Focus Particle and the Scope Theory of Even
정영한 한국영미어문학회 2013 영미어문학 Vol.- No.111
The English focus particle even can generate ambiguity because in some contexts its focus can denote either a high or a low end on a pragmatic scale. Since Karttunen and Peters (1979) and Rooth (1985) proposed the scope theory and the lexical theory of even respectively to account for this ambiguity, many researchers have tried to prove the superiority of one over the other. The present paper offers novel evidence against the lexical theory. More importantly, to remedy some of the weaknesses of the scope theory, it posits the empty focus particle (EFP) based on relevant Korean data. The EFP introduces a constituent describing new information. This constituent is the focus of the EFP and usually serves as the topic of a given sentence. The adoption of the EFP can help solve some of the problems with the scope theory and clearly explain some puzzling cases of double focuses.