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        동학농민혁명 지도자 손화중의 지역적 기반과 활동

        정성미 동학학회 2017 동학학보 Vol.0 No.45

        This study is about activities of Son, Hwa-Jung, one of leaders of Donghak Peasant Revolution and Gochang Region, the background of his activities. It is very important to conduct biographical studies on the leaders in order to understand Donghak Peasant Revolution in 1894. In particular, the studies about regional leaders should be preceded for regional unit studies about Donghak Peasant Revolution. Son, Hwa-jung was a a grand master of Donghak Order, which was most influencing in Jeolla-do. He was a main actor of Mujang Gipo(무장起包: Mujang stands for regional name, and Gipo means rebellion), a point that Donghak Peasant Revolution developed from a regional rebellion to a national one and played a central role in battles of Hwangto-hyeon in Jeong-eup and Hwangryong-chon in Jangseong, respectively, in the process of the revolution. Gochang region is meaningful because it was where Son, Hwa-jung was trusted as a leader of Donghak by peasants, and was a critical background for rebellion in Mujang based on it. Accordingly, Son, Haw-jung took in his part based in Gochang region in the entire process of Donghak Peasant Revolution. Human and material resources of this region made Gobu rebellion as the start of counter-governmental rebellion to combine various villages in Jeolla-do. After Mujang Gipo, Son, Hwa-Jung was the center of Honam region in the entire process of DongkPeasantRevolution. 1894년 동학농민혁명을 이해하는 데 있어서 당시 지도자들에 대한 인물 연구는 매우 중요한 것으로 특히 동학농민혁명의 지역 단위 연구에 있어서 해당 지역 지도자에 대한 연구는 선행되어야 할 부분이다. 본 연구는 동학농민혁명지도자 손화중의 활동과 지역적 기반이었던 고창지역에 관한 것이다. 손화중은 정읍지역의 토반세력으로 중농정도의 경제력과 한미해졌지만 몰락해 가는 밀양 손씨 가문의 의식있는 농촌지식인이었다. 그는 평등의 가치를 내세운 동학사상에 매료되어 동학에 입도하였다. 이후 무장을 근거로 동학을 포교하던 중 석불비결 사건을 계기로 전라도에서 가장 큰 동학세력을 형성하게 되었다. 그는 교조신원운동을 경험함으로서 정치의식이 고양되었고 전봉준과의 만남을 통해 농민봉기에 참여하게 된다. 동학농민혁명 당시 농민군의 근간을 이루고 있었던 세력은 손화중이 이끄는 동학교도를 기반으로 하는 조직이었을 것으로 추정된다. 특히 손화중이 이끄는 천민부대의 활약이 주목할 만하다. 그는 1차 봉기이후 나주ㆍ장성을 중심으로 서남부 일대를 지휘하였고 가을 재봉기 과정에서도 고창 무장을 거점으로 인근 나주와 광주지역에서 주로 활동하였다는 사실이 확인된다. 고창 무장은 손화중이 동학의 접주로서 농민들로부터 신망을 얻은 곳이자 활동무대였으며 체포된 곳 역시 이 곳이었다. 무엇보다 이 지역의 인적·물적 자원은 고부봉기를 전라도 각 고을이 연합한 반정부 봉기로 승화시킨 출발점이었다. 손화중은 무장기포 이후 동학농민혁명 전 과정에서 항상 호남의 중심에 서 있었다.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        조선시대 사노비의 사역영역과 사적영역 -『瑣尾錄』에 나타나는 사례를 중심으로

        정성미 전북사학회 2011 전북사학 Vol.0 No.38

        Fatigue and life of the personal servants in Chosǒn Dynasty is not likely well known as much as being expected, because the most of stories on them had been told without grounding on contemporary accounts. From this point of view, 『Shwaemirok』written by Oh Hee-Mun is very significant source material which makes possible to understand what was fatigue of the personal servants, how much it was big burden to them, how much they made efforts to get away from it, and what was owners concern on them. So this article made an attempt to understand those subjects, dividing into two categories: fatigue and private life of the personal servants. The most typical labor of servants was to cook food and to prepare firewood. As long as a noble man did not possess servants who would accomplish those works, he should survive by himself and sleep in a cold bedroom. Basically servants had their works in bring water from fountain, cooking food, and preparing firewood, although sometimes they went out of home. Besides the domestic fatigue, servants went on errant for delivering message, and accompanied with their lords. In the age when there was no any communication system to correspond and any effective transportation to go long distance, servants played a role as corresponding communications and transportations. Because the noble could not go out long distance without horse or donkey, servants always led those animal and their lords on horseback. Servants took the responsibility of Farming the lord's land and commercial activities for the lord on themselves. If they showed laziness, and did not work at their best in the busy farming season, they were whipped with leash. Due to this cruel treatment, they constantly attempted to get away from fatigue for the lords. When they ran away from the houses of the lords, the owners of servants chased the fled servants by help of civil office. The arrested servants were punished harshly. Servants could not keep marriage stable because of various causes. Nevertheless, they were free to remarry. When they have free time from fatigue for the lords, they worked for their lives. Female servants engaged in rearing silkworm and weaving. Male servants rented a patch of land as tenants, and sometimes endeavored to do commercial activity for their economic prosper. They used to weave cloth at night long with exhausted body. Sometimes it caused fire to break out, and burnt the house where they lived. A certain servant leased the land which he rented. But he was to be scolded by his lord for the behavior. Moreover he was often concerned to do his own work rather than that of the lord, risking to be beaten by his lord. In the long run, the self-management works of servants performed before the Japanese-Korean war of 1592. But after the war these were extended overall in Chosǒn Dynasty. It was one of the reasons that improved the economic life of servants.

      • KCI등재

        통합 도시 이미지 확립을 위한 도시 브랜드 디자인 개발 연구- 위례신도시를 중심으로 -

        정성미,신상윤 사단법인 한국브랜드디자인학회 2023 브랜드디자인학연구 Vol.21 No.3

        세계 여러 도시들은 도시 간 경쟁력 확보를 위해 차별화된 도시 브랜드 아이덴티티 구축을 활발히 진행해왔다. 위례는 3개의 행정구역으로 나눠져 개발된 신도시로 지자체별 디자인체계에 접목한 시각물로 인해 도시 이미지 인식의 혼동을 가져오고 있다. 연구목적은 일관성이 결여된 위례신도시의 차별화된 통합 도시 브랜드 개발 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 문헌 조사와 선행 연구 자료, 디자인 사례를 분석한 후 각 지자체별 도시 브랜드 특징을 정리하였다. 연관 키워드와 랜드마크, 워드 클라우드를 조사 분석하여 위례 브랜드 에센스를 도출하고 디자인 콘셉트를 설정하여 디자인 작업을 진행하였다. 1차 슬로건 시안을 진행하였고 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 축약 후 최종 디자인 선정을 위해 온라인 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사 결과 도시 비전과 상징물을 강조한 B 시안이 상징성, 통합성, 실용성 항목에서 많은 표를 받았고 세 지역의 시각체계를 통합한 표현 유형인 C 시안은 차별성 항목에서 높게 나타났으며 도시 스토리를 담아 시민 공감을 유도한 표현 유형인 A 시안은 심미성 부분에 많은 표를 받아, 최종적으로 B 시안이 선정되었다. 이 연구과정을 토대로 통합 도시 이미지 확립이 필요한 지역의 브랜드 디자인 프로세스가 이루어진다면 도시 이미지를 제고 시킬 수 있는 지속 가능하고 미래 지향적인 통합 도시 브랜드를 만들 수 있을 것으로 기대해 본다. Many cities around the world have been actively building differentiated city brand identities to secure competitiveness among cities. Wirye New Town, which was developed by combining three administrative districts (Seoul, Seongnam, and Hanam), is causing confusion in city image recognition due to inconsistent visual objects grafted onto the design system of each local government. Branding development plan was sought. After literature review, prior research data, and design cases were analyzed, the city brand characteristics of each local government were summarized. Based on the image of the city of Wirye, which was researched and analyzed with related keywords, landmarks, and word clouds, a brand essence was derived, a design concept was set, and design work was carried out. The first slogan was drafted, and after condensation through expert interviews, an online survey was conducted to select the final design. As a result of the survey, draft B, which emphasizes city vision and symbols, received a lot of votes in the categories of symbolism, integration, and practicality, and draft C, an expression type that integrates the visual systems of the three regions, showed high scores in the category of differentiation, and contained a city story to citizens. The type of expression that induced sympathy, draft A, received many votes in the aesthetic part, and finally draft B was selected. Based on this research process, if the brand design process of the area that needs to establish an integrated city image is carried out, it is expected that a sustainable and future-oriented integrated city brand that can enhance the city image can be created.

      • KCI등재

        Comparison of displacement of polyvinyl chloride and silicone leftsided double-lumen tubes during lateral positioning

        정성미,권녕건,박상진,한용희 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.1

        Background: Compared to an equivalent sized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) double-lumen tube (DLT), a silicone DLT has a shorter endobronchial segment. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of clinically significant displacement of left-sided PVC and silicone DLTs after a positional change to a lateral position from a supine position and determine its effect on the need for DLT repositioning for successful lung separation in patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Methods: One hundred eight adult patients requiring one-lung ventilation were randomly divided into group P (PVC DLT, n = 54) and group S (Silicone DLT, n = 54). The position of the DLT was observed before and after lateral positioning to assess the effect of the position change. The incidence of clinically significant displacement (> 10 mm) of DLT was compared between the groups. Results: DLTs were clinically significantly displaced in group P (17/48, 35.4%) and group S (18/52, 34.6%) after lateral positioning (P = 0.933). A proximal displacement (31.3% [group P] and 25.0% [group S]) was more common than distal displacement (4.2% [group P] and 9.6% [group S]), with no significant intergroup difference (P = 0.494). After lateral positioning, critical malposition of DLT with bronchial herniation to the right main bronchus was 8.3% (group P) and 7.9% (group S, P = 0.906). Conclusions: Left-sided PVC and silicone DLTs produced comparable incidences of clinically significant displacement and, consequently, required similar rates of repositioning for successful lung separation after lateral positioning.

      • KCI등재

        Validity of bispectral index monitoring during deep sedation in children with spastic cerebral palsy undergoing injection of botulinum toxin

        정성미,이은희,박상진 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.6

        Background: This prospective study aimed to determine whether the bispectral index (BIS) is a valid objective tool for differentiating adequate from inadequate deep sedation in spontaneously breathing children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Propofol was titrated to increase the level of sedation with a continuous infusion of remifentanil at a rate of 0.05 μg/kg/min while maintaining spontaneous ventilation in 22 children with spastic CP, aged 3–18 years. The depth of sedation was assessed using the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) and the Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAAS) scale. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff BIS values for deep sedation, defined as a UMSS score of 3–4 and a MOAAS score of 0–1. Results: The BIS values significantly changed with the increase in the level of sedation across both the UMSS and MOAAS scores (P < 0.001). The BIS values correlated with the UMSS (r = −0.795, P < 0.001) and MOAAS (r = 0.815, P < 0.001) scores. The cutoff BIS value to detect adequate deep sedation in children with CP was 61.5 (UMSS score: sensitivity 0.860, specificity 0.814; MOAAS score: sensitivity 0.794, specificity 0.811). Conclusions: The BIS value strongly correlates with the clinical sedation scales, such as the UMSS and MOAAS, during deep sedation in children with CP. Therefore, BIS monitoring can be used as a valid tool for assessing the level of propofol sedation in spontaneously breathing children with CP undergoing a botulinum toxin injection.

      • KCI등재

        전북지역 고문서 연구현황과 그 활용방안

        정성미 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2005 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.6 No.-

        The purpose of this thesis is to show the actural and present status of the study on old documents owned by Chonbuk province and make a few suggestions about how to make use of them. Old documents are valuable not only as historial materials themselves, but as materials for cultural use as to a study on Korean history. That's why we should collect, document, and preserve the old documents being lost through modernization and industrialization. This thesis consists of two categories. One category is about the present status of the researching and documenting of old documents designated as cultural assests and those which are not. In case of the old ducuments not designated as culturas assets, the status of documenting and researching using old documents is broken into parts according to the places having them. The other is about the ways of aplication using old documents. The way how to store old documents in the computer is presented, including methodology of the regional history and the way of developing th regional culture contents using who's who or a gazetter. The materials used here come from old documents in Iksan region conducted by Iksan Historical Materia! Is Committee.(益山史料조調査委員會) There are 695 old documents designated as cultural assets including those designated as cultural assets by Chonbuk province itself, and 31,575 old documents not designated as cultural assets in Chonbuk. There are also approximately 2,663 old documents belonging to each individual, which are divided into the documents related to a state examination and a government post (42%), a etition and a lawsuit (19%), a family register (19%), and a personal property (14%). The amount of old documents owned by each museum account for more than 90% of the documents belonging to Chonbuk province, and, especially, the Museum of Chonbuk National University has about 18,000 old documents accounting for 57%. Most of the old documents carried in literature are no more than an introduction toan event or a person and they are not fully interpreted or documented. The National History Compilation Committee has comparatively carried out research on historical materials about Iksan in detail by adding images and detailed lists. Also, Museum of Chonbuk National University ha published books about old documents. In addition, of the writings using old documents in Chonbuk province, those referring to Buan Kim's documents(扶安金氏古文書) of the families from the same clan account for the most However, these are likely to change because a research and a study on old documents being underway are not included. Lastly, these findings are based on the condition of the r! esearch and study conducted on September, 2004.

      • KCI등재

        [X-족] 신어에 투영된 2010년대 우리의 삶

        정성미 국제언어인문학회 2020 인문언어 Vol.22 No.2

        The aim of the paper is to .... The aim of the paper is to examine our lives in the 2010s, when the [X-Jok] neologisms emerge and are the most actively coined about people, by considering their social linguistic meanings. The objects of analysis in this study are the [X-Jok] neologisms in the neologism collection of the 2010s that has been investigated by the National Institute of Korean Language. The research methodology is to examine the [X-Jok] neologisms’ classification by type and their characteristics of sociolinguistic meaning by each type. [X-Jok] neologisms are, in the first place, classified into target types and field types, and then the target types are classified specifically by age and gender. By doing so, the sociolinguistic meanings reflected in each type are examined. The field types are subdivided into three sectors like the following; first is food, clothing, and shelter. Second is economy, education and environment. Third is culture. According to each sector, its sociolinguistic implications are examined. Besides, [X[HON x]-Jok] [X[PYEON x]-Jok] [X[x KANGS]-Jok] are coined in series by being repeated, reproduced, and enriched like the way ‘meme phenomena’ is. Therefore, the repeated patterns of [X[HON x]-Jok], [X[PYEON x]-Jok], [X[x KANGS]-Jok] are studied.

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