부산지역 강우의 화학적 특성 I. pH 및 주요이온의 시ㆍ공간적 변화

전은주,양한섭,옥곤,김영섭,Jeon, Eun-Ju,Yang, Han-Sub,Ok, Gon,Kim, Young-Sub 한국환경과학회 1998 한국환경과학회지 Vol.7 No.5

The chemical characteristics of precipitation was investigated in Pusan area. Samples were collected from January to November in 1996 at 4 sites, and analyzed pH, major soluble ionic components(C $l^{[-10]}$ , N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ , S $O_4$$^{2-}$, N $a^{+}$, $K^{+}$, N $H_4$$^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$). The order of anion and cation concentrations for the initial precipitation were C $l^{[-10]}$ > S $O_4$$^{2-}$ > N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ , and $Ca^{2+}$ > N $a^{+}$ > N $H_4$$^{+}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $K^{+}$, respectively. At coastal sites(P1 and P2) C $l^{[-10]}$ and N $a^{+}$ of maritime sources (seasalt) were high, but at inland sites(P3 and P4) nss-C $a^{2+}$ and nss-S $O_4$$^{2-}$ were high. Calcium ion for the initial precipitation showed high value of enrichement factor(EF) relative to seawater composition. The contribution of seasalt to the composition of precipitation was higher at bite P1 (53.5%) than those of the other sites. Throughout the year the concentrations of major ions for the initial precipitation were low in the heavy rain season. The mean pH for the initial precipitation was 5.4 and showed the negative relationship with the precipitaion amount. The S $O_4$$^{2-}$ and N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ do not play an important role in rain acidification due to the high(97%) neutralizing effect of amonia and calcium species.and calcium species.

간호대 학생과 일반대 학생이 지각하는 간호사 이미지

전은주,노영미,유순미,오수연,박금숙,Jeon, Eun-Ju,Noh, Young-Mi,Ryou, Soon-Mi,Oh, Su-Yeon,Park, Kum-Suk 대한한의정보학회 2015 大韓韓醫情報學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the perceived image of nurses on major and non-major students. Methods: The subjects were 120 nursing school students and 120 other university students in J province. The data was collected by using structured questionnaire. T-test, ANOVA were performed by SPSS/PC 20.0. Results: The score for image of nurses was as follows. special image($3.86{\pm}0.51$), traditional image($3.71{\pm}0.53$), individual image($3.53{\pm}0.85$), social image($3.43{\pm}0.58$), and grand mean($3.66{\pm}0.48$). Perceived image of nurses was significant difference between students of a major and non-major(t=6.390, p<.001). Conclusion: It is needed to monitoring of media for the improvement the perceived image of nurses and also nurses have to try to make an individual role model.

포커스 - 이란 핵협상 타결 합의 배경과 주요 내용 및 국내외 시사점

전은주,Jeon, Eun-Ju 한국원자력산업회의 2015 원자력산업 Vol.35 No.4

성대에 발생환 혈관종 1예

전은주,박용수,이승균,김동기,Jeon, Eun-Ju,Park, Yong-Soo,Lee, Seung-Kyun,Kim, Dong-Kee 대한후두음성언어의학회 2004 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Hemangioma of the larynx is generally classified into adult and infantile form. More common infantile form usually arises on subglottic portiion and may cause respiratory distress. Adult form is rare and arises on vocal cord or above. Vocal cord hemangioma was rarely reported in the medical literature. Since Kimmelman et al reported vocal hemangioma in 1979 first, there are four cases of vocal hemangioma reported in medical literature. Recently, we experienced a case of vocal cord hemangioma and successfully removed it with micro-laryngeal surgery. Hence we report this case with review of literatures.

어머니의 부부갈등과 양육스트레스, 유아의 공격성 간의 구조적 관계와 유아의 기질에 따른 잠재평균분석

전은주(Jeon Eun Ju) 한국육아지원학회 2015 육아지원연구 Vol.10 No.4

본 연구는 어머니들의 부부갈등과 양육스트레스, 유아의 공격성 사이의 관계를 살펴보고, 기질에 따른 잠재평균분석의 차이를 분석하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 육아정책연구소(PSKC) 패널 자료중 1,597명의 어 머니를 대상으로 부부갈등, 양육스트레스, 공격성, 기질 척도를 활용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니가 지각한 부부갈등과 양육스트레스는 유아의 공격성에 유의 한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 어머니가 지각한 부부갈등은 양육스트레스에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 잠재 평균을 살펴보기 전 형태 및 측정, 절편동일성을 검증한 결과 모든 요인에서 기질에 따른 동일성이 입증 되었다. 잠재평균분석을 실시한 결과, 활동성 기질 집단은 정서성 기질 집단보다 공격성에서 효과 크기가 높게 나타났다. 반면, 양육스트레스의 경우 정서성 기질 집단이 활동성 기질 집단보다 더 높은 평균효과 크기가 나타났다. 그러나 부부갈등은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로, 유아의 공격성을 감소시 키기 위해서는 어머니의 부부갈등과 양육스트레스 감소가 선행되어야 함을 알 수 있다. 또한, 유아의 기 질에 따라 양육스트레스와 부부갈등을 감소시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발의 필요성을 시사할 수 있다. The purpose of this study in investigate the relationship among marital conflict, rearing stress and child's aggression toward mothers. In addition, the study was to analyze latent mean analysis of the variables of the child's temperament. The subjects were 1,597 mothers who responded to the questionnaires from Korea Institute of Child and Education(Panel Study on Korean Children). The results of study are as follows. First, marital conflict and rearing stress perceived by mothers directly affected child's aggression. Second, marital conflict of perceived by mothers that was perceived inherently was related to depression. Thirdly, there was no configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance between emotional temperament and activity temperament. Given the three types of invariance satisfied, latent mean analysis was performed to test mean differences on marital conflict, rearing stress and aggression. According to the latent mean analysis where emotional temperament group was used as the reference group, activity temperament group had a higher latent mean value in aggression. In addition, the average effect size of rearing stress in activity temperament was lower than the emotional temperament. But, marital conflict did not show a significant difference. Consequently, mother's rearing stress and maternal conflict should be reduced in order to lower the level of children's aggressiveness. Also, development of a program that can reduce rearing stress and marital conflict based on the infant temperament is needed.

일 지역 간호대학생의 온라인 수업에서 메타인지, 학습몰입, 문제해결력 관계

전은주(Eun-Ju Jeon),김수은(Su-Eun Kim) 한국정보전자통신기술학회 2020 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

본 연구는 온라인 수업에서 간호대학생의 메타인지, 학습몰입, 문제해결력 간의 관계를 파악하고 문제해결력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위해 G시 소재 대학에서 온라인 수업에 참여한 2, 3학년 재학생 88명을 대상으로 실시한 서술적 조사연구이다. 분석방법은 SPSS version WIN 23.0을 이용하여 평균, 표준편차, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, stepwise multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 일반적 특성에 따른 학습 몰입과 문제해결력의 차이는 학습이후 간호사에 대한 인식과 간호학과 입학동기에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 문제해결력은 메타인지와 학습몰입감과 유의한 정적(+) 상관관계가 있었고 메타인지와 학습몰입이 문제해결력에 영향을 미치는 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 연구의 결론은 간호교육에서 온라인 수업으로의 변화 속에 문제해결력을 증가시키기 위해서 학습몰입과 메타인지가 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었고, 메타인지와 학습몰입을 높일 수 있는 교육방법의 변화가 필요하고 이를 위해 체계적인 프로그램 개발에 본 연구가 기초자료가 될 것이다. This is a narrative research study conducted on the subject in order to understand the relationship between the meta-cognition, learning flow, and problem solving ability of nursing students in online class, and to find out the factors that influence problem solving ability, 88 students enrolled in 2nd and 3rd grade students who participated in online classes at G city universities. The analysis method was analyzed by means, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS version WIN 23.0. As a result of the study, the difference between learning flow and problem-solving ability according to general characteristics was significantly different depending on the perception of nurses after learning and the motivation for admission to the department of nursing, and the problem-solving ability was positively correlated with metacognition and learning flow. There was a relationship, and metacognition and learning flow were significant variables that influenced problem solving ability. The conclusion of the study is considered to be the basic data for the development of a systematic program that can increase the learning flow and meta-cognition to increase problem solving ability amid the change from nursing education to online classes, and to change the teaching method.

의료정보를 활용한 14세 이하 외상환자 응급실 총 경유시간에 미치는 요인

전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ),김광환 ( Kwang Hwan Kim ) 한국병원경영학회 2008 병원경영학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This research focused on a total of 378 patients with external injuries under the age of 14 who visited the emergency center at a university hospital in Korea, during the months of January, April, August and November between January and December of 2007. In addition, the survey was conducted only on even number days and ranged across the whole year to reflect the impact of seasonal characteristics on the collected data. The research focused on determining the characteristics and inflicting cause of these patients with external injuries, analyzed the total time spent in the emergency room and obtained the following results. 1. When classifying the patients into different genders, the proportion of males (67.5%) was higher than that of females (32.5%). According to the different age groups, the highest ratio, at 61.1%, was patients under the age of six. 2. Looking at the total number of minutes spent in the emergency room, the longest amount of time occurred during April with 162.7 minutes, followed by 121.9 minutes in January and 92.4 minutes in November. August had the shortest period of time spent in the emergency room, a significant statistical difference from the other periods of the year (p<0.001). 3. Regarding the amount of time required for each examination, patients required to provide a urine test spent an average of 204.7 minutes while those who did not spent 113.5 minutes on average. This is a 5% statistical difference among the two groups (p>0.05). 4. Looking at the five most commonly diagnosed problems in the emergency room, the total number of people with these top five commonly diagnosed illnesses comprised 55.6%, or 210 patients out of 378. 5. Utilizing the Decision Tree Model to estimate the total number of minutes required per visit, the first classifications were made using a chemical examination factor. People subject to chemical classification spent an average of 177.7 minutes, which was longer than the overall average of 115.2 minutes, and those exempt from chemical examination spent an average of 103.8 minutes, which was shorter than the average. Conclusion ; Effort to curtail the total time spent in emergency rooms is vital in guaranteeing efficient management of hospitals and providing medical services. The delay experienced by many comprehensive professional medical centers must be resolved through the establishment of effective delivery of medical services, increased supply of patient rooms and other policy oriented implementations. However, for now, this problem must be resolved by increasing the level of patient satisfaction and guaranteeing effective operation of patient rooms, which will significantly contribute to the general management and success of hospitals and institutions.

스마트 교육 시대의 화법 교육

전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ) 국어교육학회 2014 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.49 No.2

이 연구에서는 스마트 교육 환경에서 요구하는 교수-학습 체제의 특성을 살펴보고 이에 따른 국어과 듣기ㆍ말하기 영역의 교육 내용과 방법의 변화 방향을 탐색하였다. 스마트 교육 환경은 화법 교육의 내용 확장과 화법 교수-학습 방법의 개선을 지원할 수 있는 긍정적인 면이 있다. 스마트 교육이 실효성을 거두기 위해서는 화법 교육에서 대량 의사소통 능력 신장에 대한 교육, 구어적 다중담화텍스트의 생산과 수용에 대한 교육, 매체 사용과 채널 선택 전략에 대한 교육 등 교육 내용의 확장이 시도될 만하다. 또 스마트 교육 환경에서는 담화 수행 동영상 제시, 담화 수행 과정에서 학습자 간의 의사소통 촉진, 청중 평가 혹은 상호평가 방법의 적용, 녹화기록법의 사용, 말할 내용을 위한 자료 수집 등을 쉽게 할 수 있어 다양한 화법 교육 방법의 시도가 가능하다. 그러나 스마트 교육 환경에서는 오히려 학습자가 대면 의사소통의 중요성을 인식하게 하고 담화 상황, 참여자, 내용에 따라 어떤 매체 채널을 선택해야 하는가에 대한 교육이 반드시 이루어져야 한다. The present study evaluated the characteristics of teaching-learning systems requested by the "smart" educational environment and explored the future direction for the change of educational contents and methods in the field of Korean listening and speaking. Smart education environment has a positive aspect by expanding the contents of speech communication education and supporting the diversification of the ways of speech communication teaching-learning. In order to realize the smart education, the educational contents needs to be extended into such fields as the education in mass communication capacity, production and acceptance of verbal "multi-discourse and multi-text", and education on the strategy for using communication media. Besides, a smart educational environment helps to realize various methods in the speech communication education, by enabling the video-clipping of speech performance, communication between learners, application of the audience-driven or mutual assessment, employment of video-recording, and material collection for a speech. However, in a smart education system, learners should to be reminded of the importance of face-to-face communication and be educated on which media channel to be selected, depending on a specific speech situation, participants, and contents.

High mobility group B1(HMGB1)과 LPS의 염증유발효과 차이의 비교 및 HMGB1에 의한 IL-8 promoter 자극 기전의 규명

전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ),곽희원 ( Hee Won Kwak ),송주한 ( Ju Han Song ),이영우 ( Young Woo Lee ),정재우 ( Jae Woo Chung ),최재철 ( Jae Chul Choi ),신종욱 ( Jong Wook Shin ),박인원 ( In Won Park ),최병휘 ( Byoung Whui Choi ),김재열 ( 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2007 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.62 No.4

배경: HMGB1은 염증반응의 후기에 분비되는 중요한 염증유발물질 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 염증유발물질로 잘 알려진 LPS와 새롭게 염증유발물질로 관심을 받고 있는 HMGB1의 염증유발작용을 생체 외 및 생체 내 실험을 통해 비교하고자 하였다. 또한 HMGB1의 자극에 의한 IL-8 promoter region의 활성화에 중요한 역할을 수행하는 전사인자들을 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: RAW264.7 세포에 LPS(100 ng/ml) 또는 HMGB1(500 ng/ml)을 투여하고 각각 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 그리고 24시간 뒤에 세포상층액의 TNF-α, MIP-2 그리고 IL-1β의 농도를 ELISA법으로 측정하였다. 생쥐의 복강에 LPS(5 mg/kg) 또는 HMGB1(2.5 mg/kg)을 주입하여 급성폐손상을 유발한 후에 폐의 사이토카인의 발현과 MPO 활성도를 측정하였다(LPS는 4시간 뒤, HMGB1은 24 시간 뒤). IL-8 promoter 부위에 있는 NF-IL6, NF-κB 그리고 AP-1에 대한 결합부위에 대해 돌연변이를 일으킨 후에 각각의 돌연변이체를 pIL-6luc에 결합시킨 뒤 RAW264.7 세포에 삽입하였다. 이 세포들을 36시간 배양한 후에 HMGB1(500 ng/ml)으로 자극하고, 한 시간 뒤에 세포를 녹인 후 luciferase 활성도를 측정하였다. 결과: LPS 투여 후에 RAW264.7 세포 배양상층액의 TNF-α농도는 24시간 뒤에, MIP-2 농도는 8시간 뒤에 최고치를 보였다. 한편 HMGB1 투여 후에는 TNF-α와 MIP-2 농도 모두 24시간 뒤에 최고치를 나타내었다. LPS 복강 내 투여 후 4시간 뒤에 생쥐의 폐의 TNF-α, MIP-2 그리고 IL-1β의 농도는 대조군에 비해 현저히 증가하였으나, HMGB1 복강 내 투여 후 24시간 뒤에 생쥐의 폐에서는 IL-1β의 농도만 약간 증가하였다. MPO 활성도는 LPS와 HMGB1 투여 후에 모두 증가하였으며, LPS 투여 후가 더 의미있게 증가하였다. NF-κB 돌연변이체와 AP-1 돌연변이체에서 luciferase 활성도가 의미있게 감소하였다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 HMGB1은 염증유발효과는 LPS에 비해 강도가 떨어지나 지속시간은 오래 계속되는 것으로 보이며, HMGB1에 의한 IL-8의 활성화에 NF-κB 뿐만 아니라 AP-1도 중요한 역할을 수행하는 것으로 판단된다. Background: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel, late mediator of inflammation. This study compared the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS and HMGB1. The transcriptional factors that play an important role in mediating the HMGB1-induced stimulation of IL-8 were also evaluated. Methods: RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with either LPS (100 ng/ml) or HMGB1 (500 ng/ml). The TNF-α, MIP-2 and IL-1β levels in the supernatant were evaluated by ELISA at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24h after stimulation. An acute lung injury was induced by an injection of LPS (5 mg/kg) or HMGB1 (2.5 mg/kg) into the peritoneum of the Balb/c mice. The lung cytokines and MPO activity were measured at 4h (for LPS) or 24h (for HMGB1) after the injection. The transcriptional factor binding sites for NF-IL6, NF-κB and AP-1 in the IL-8 promoter region were artificially mutated. Each mutant was ligated with pIL-6luc and transfected into the RAW264.7 cells. One hour after stimulation with HMGB1 (500 ng/ml), the cell lysate was analyzed for the luciferase activity. Results: The expression of MIP-2, which peaked at 8h with LPS stimulation, increased sequentially until 24h after HMGB1 stimulation. An intraperitoneal injection of HMGB1, which induced a minimal increased in IL-1β expression, provoked the accumulation of neutrophils the lung. A mutation of AP-1 as well as NF-κB in the IL-8 promoter region resulted in a lower luciferase activity after HMGB1 stimulation. Conclusion: The proinflammatory effects of HMGB1, particularly on IL-8, are mediated by both NF-κB and AP-1. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2007; 62: 299-307)

다문화 사회와 국어교육 ; 다문화 학습자와 일반 학습자의 국어과 교수-학습에 관한 비교 연구

전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ) 국어교육학회 2009 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.34 No.-

이 연구에서 다문화 가정 학습자와 일반 가정 학습자의 국어과 교수-학습과 관련된 학습자 특성, 국어과 수업의 내용과 방법, 요구 정도 등을 비교하였을 때 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. (1) 다문화 학습자는 자신의 한국어 능력이 부족하다고 느끼지 않고 있으며, 일반 학습자보다 읽기, 쓰기, 문법, 문학 작품 이해 등의 능력에 관해서는 평균적으로 조금 낮게 반응하고 있으며 이는 통계적으로도 유의한 차이가 있었다. (2) 두 집단 모두 국어 수업 중에서 `읽기`를 가장 흥미 있고 쉬운 영역으로, `쓰기`를 가장 흥미가 없는 영역으로, `문법`을 가장 어려운 영역으로 생각하고 있었다. 그러나 `쓰기`가 가장 쉽다고 응답한 비율이 다문화 학습자가 일반 학습자에 비하여 높았으며, 이는 통계적으로도 유의한 차이가 있었다. (3) 다문화 학습자 보다 일반 학습자가 모둠 활동을 할 때와 발표, 토론 등을 할 때 어려움이 있다는 반응에 더 많이 응답을 하였으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. (4) 다문화 학습자는 `쓰기`, `문법` 영역의 내용과 국어 교과서에 사용된 어휘에 대하여 어렵게 인식하는 경향이 있었으며 이는 일반 학습자와 비교하였을 때 통계적으로 유의한 수준이었다. (5) 다문화 학습자는 국어 수업 시간 이외 자신들의 국어사용능력을 신장 할 수 있는 추가 수업에 대한 요구가 거의 없었으며, 이러한 경향은 일반 학습자에서도 비슷하게 나타났다. This study compared learner`s characteristics associated with Korean teaching-learning, and contents, methods and requirements in the Korean class between students from multi-cultural and ordinary Korean families. The resultsshow the followings; (1) Multi-cultural learners do not feel that they lack Korean proficiency, but they feel themselves in a significantly lower level than regular learners in terms of reading, writing, grammar and literature understanding. (2) Both learner groups regarded reading as the most interesting, writing as the least interesting and grammar as the most difficult field. However, significantly higher proportion of the students from multi-cultural family thought of writing as the easiest field. (3) Significantly less students from multi-cultural families have difficulties in group activities, speech and discussions. (4) Multi-cultural learners were more likely to have difficulties in the contents of writing and grammar and vocabulary in Korean textbooks. (5) Multi-cultural learners were equally devoid of requirements for extra lessons for enhancing their speaking, listening, reading, writing, grammar, vocabulary and literature understanding, as well as the ordinary learners. These results imply that Korean teachers/researchers should not be prejudiced that the multi-cultural learners would be inferior to ordinary learners in terms of Korean teaching-learning. They also imply that supplementary class in order to enhance Korean proficiency for multi-cultural learners is not desirable. Finally, more data on the weak points of multi-cultural learners and their solutions need to be prepared in the near future.