Development of a Molecular Marker Using GWAS to Select the Resistance Resource for the Yeoncheon Strain Causing Kimchi Cabbage Clubroot Disease

장하영,박민영,이정수,김창수,박수형 한국원예학회 2019 원예과학기술지 Vol.37 No.1

Resistant cultivars have been developed as a response to clubroot disease, which poses a challengeto Kimchi cabbage cultivation in Korea. However, the recent problem of disease vulnerability inresistant varieties has led to collective efforts to promote genetically diverse resistant sources. TheNational Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS, Vegetable Research Division) promotesand conserves resistant resources, and despite using the molecular markers reported thus far inanalyzing the resources, a need for novel molecular markers has become apparent owing to the largenumber of resources that could not be amplified. To address this problem, 96 resources for resistanceand vulnerability were selected among the ones conserved at the NIHHS, from which 20,540 SNPswere detected using genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) analysis. Subsequently, a molecular markerassociated with resistance to the Yeoncheon strain that causes clubroot disease was developed usinga genome-wide association study (GWAS). The corresponding gene had an SNP (G↔T) at the23098380 position of A07, which was used to develop the CAPS marker that can differentiateresistance and susceptibility to the Yeoncheon strain causing clubroot disease. The gene at theposition of the CAPS marker was found to be an associated gene within 21 kb, encoding aglucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductase family protein with four V-type H+-transportingATPase subunit Gs. In this study, a molecular marker specific for the Yeoncheon strain wasdeveloped. Its use, alongside other previously developed markers in selecting resistance resources,is expected to prove useful in the selection of a wide array of disease-resistant breeding sources. Furthermore, the resulting GBS data could be used for future analysis of the resistance genesassociated with various strains causing clubroot disease.

불소를 함유한 교정용 접착제의 브라켓 주변 법랑질 탈회 예방 효과

장하영,김종빈,김종수,오소희 대한소아치과학회 2017 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

During orthodontic treatment, formation of white spot lesions (WSLs) around brackets has long been recognized as a potential risk. This study performed to investigate effect of preventing enamel demineralization and remineralization by application of fluoride-containing orthodontic primer. Fifty extracted bovine incisors teeth were randomly allocated to 3 groups: (I) Non-preparation specimens, (II) Application of Light Bond™ as fluoride containing orthodontic primer, (III) Application of Transbond™ XT Primer as traditional orthodontic primer without fluoride. Each group is demineralized under artificial carious solution. The demineralization pattern was evaluated using a Q-ray view, Vickers hardness test and polarized light microscope. The remained primer was calculated as 35 - 50%. The highest surface microhardness was shown on Light Bond™ surface. There were statistically significant differences in Vickers microhardness number between adjacent areas of Light Bond™ and non-prepared area. There was almost no demineralization of the enamel surface under the Light Bond™. At the adjacent site of Light Bond™, the shallow caries pattern and remineralization appearance were also observed. These results suggest that the use of fluoride-containing primers may be useful for bracket attachment to reduce enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment. 브라켓 주위에 발생되는 법랑질 탈회는 교정 치료 시 극복해야 할 문제 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 교정용 브라켓 부착 시 사용되는 접착제 중 불소를 함유하는 교정용 프라이머의 적용이 법랑질 탈회 예방 및 재광화 유도에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 건전한 표면을 가진 발치 된 소의 절치 50개를 실험재료로 하여 법랑질 처리 방법에 따라 3개 군으로 분류하였다: (I) 아무처리하지 않은 시편, (II) 불소를 함유한 교정용 프라이머인 Light Bond™로 처리한 시편, (III) 전통적으로 불소를 함유하지 않는 프라이머인 Transbond ™ XT Primer로 처리한 시편. 각 군을 인공우식용액에서 탈회시킨 다음 Q-ray view로 관찰하고, 비커스 표면미세경도 측정 및 편광현미경을 이용하여 우식 양상을 평가하였다. 인공 탈회 후 프라이머는 치아 표면에서 떨어져 나가 35 - 50% 잔존하는 것으로 보인다. 표면미세경도는 Light Bond™를 직접 적용한 법랑질 표면에서 가장 높았으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 하지만 Light Bond™를 적용한 인접부위의 법랑질 표면미세경도는 아무처리를 하지 않은 대조군보다 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다. 편광현미경을 통해 관찰한 소견으로 Light Bond™를 직접 적용한 법랑질 표면은 탈회가 거의 나타나지 않았으며, Light Bond™의 인접부위에서는 가장 얕은 우식 양상과 재광화 소견을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과, 교정치료 시 법랑질 탈회의 발생을 줄이기 위해서 브라켓 부착 시 불소를 함유하는 프라이머의 사용이 유용함을 시사하는 바이다.

A Surface Reaction Monitoring of Self-Assembled Monolayer Using Interference-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistor

장하영,이화성 한국고분자학회 2018 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.43 No.2

뿌리가 작고 근육이 단단하며 채종이 잘 되는 무 계통 ‘원교10045호’ 육성

장하영,박민영,이정수,박수형 한국육종학회 2019 한국육종학회지 Vol.51 No.1

The radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is one of the major vegetables of Korea and is consumed as the main ingredient of kimchi. To improve the texture of radish kimchi, herbs, and soup, we attempted to develop a cultivar with a hard texture. Using species native to Jeju Island, we bred ‘Wonkyo10045ho’ which produces short, elliptically shaped roots with a hard texture. Generation progress was made via the self-fertilization method using bud pollination. We selected individuals with good horticultural characteristics from each of five generations grown from 2006 to 2010. Finally, in 2015, the line was named ‘Wonkyo10045ho’, and the granting of plant variety rights (Grant number 6527) was certified in 2017 following an application for the protection of new plant varieties (application number 2015-398). The root characteristics of ‘Wonkyo10045ho,’ include an oval shape, mixed white and green root skin, and a white inner root color. ‘Wonkyo10045ho’ had a sugar content of 4.9 Brix, with excellent sweetness, good taste, and strong pithiness. The average number of seeds per plant obtained via pollination by bees in a small net house was 609.1, suggesting that the strength of its self-incompatibility was not strong and male sterility might be advantageous. Therefore, it is expected that this variety will be useful as a material for improving the competitiveness of domestic farmers and for stable radish exports.

청소년들의 가정학대 경험과 우울감의 관계에서 교사관계 적응의 조절효과

장하영,이창식,유은경 한국디지털정책학회 2020 디지털융복합연구 Vol.18 No.4

The Demand for Quantitative Techniques in Biomedical Image Informatics

장하영,김혜련,강미선,김명희,장병탁 대한의용생체공학회 2014 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.4 No.4

With recent technological advances, biomedical imageinformatics has become a quickly rising field. It focuses onthe use of computational techniques to process and analyzebiomedical images. Its goal is to obtain useful knowledgefrom complicated and heterogeneous images from differentmodalities for biomedical research. Although the advancementof imaging technologies has provided a data explosion, mostbiomedical images are only used by the researchers whocreate them. The lack of a canonical procedure, from dataacquisition to data analysis, contributes to this issue. As thenumber of biomedical images increases, the demand forquantitative techniques rises. In order to increase awarenessof the needs and importance of quantitative techniques forbiomedical image informatics, this paper reviews severalaspects including biomedical imaging, image repositories,and image processing. We explore the state of the arttechnology available in quantitative techniques for biomedicalimage informatics. The essential techniques for quantification,such as imaging devices, biomedical image management,and image processing, are further summarized.

Efficient Synthesis and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of 2,5-Diaryloxazoles as Potential Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitors

장하영,Kongara Damodar,김진경,전종갑 대한화학회 2017 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.38 No.12

An efficient first synthesis of 2,5-diaryloxazoles 1–5 was accomplished from commercially inexpensive precursors and in overall yields of 38–48%. The synthesis proceeds via α-aminoketones and cyclodehydration (Robinson–Gabriel reaction) as key step. Next, these oxazoles were examined for their inhibitory effect against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and were found to display concentration-dependent inhibition of NO production without cytotoxicity. Of note, compound 3 (70.7%; IC50 = 2.33 μM) was identified as a potent inhibitor in view of its comparable inhibitory effect with the positive control, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA) (79.3%; IC50 = 4.51 μM) followed by compounds 5 (68.3%; IC50 = 2.30 μM) and 2 (53.9%; IC50 = 6.31 μM). As a whole, compound 3 may hold great promise for further development of NO production targeted anti-inflammatory agent.

바이오에너지 작물 소재로서 자트로파의 염과 가뭄 스트레스 하에서 상반되는 생리적 특성과 아쿠아포린(JcPIP2 )의 발현

장하영,이지은,장영석,안성주 한국작물학회 2011 한국작물학회지 Vol.56 No.3

열대작물인 자트로파의 염과 가뭄 스트레스에 따른 생리적 반응과 유전자 발현의 연구를 통해 바이오에너지 작물로서의 기초적 자료를 얻고자 본 실험을 수행하였다. 1. 100~cdot200~cdot300 mM NaCl의 염 스트레스와 5~cdot10~cdot20~cdot30 % PEG의 가뭄 스트레스를 처리하여 잎의 생장, 기공의 전도도, 엽록소 형광, 전해질 유출량을 조사하였다. 자트로파의 잎의 생장, 기공의 전도도, 엽록소 형광, 전해질 유출량을 통한 생육조사 결과 가뭄 스트레스 보다 염 스트레스에서 더 많은 피해를 입었다. 2. 수분 수송과 관련된 아쿠아포린 중에서 JcPIP2가 뿌리, 줄기, 떡잎 그리고 잎에서 모두 고르게 발현하고 있음을 확인하였다. 잎의 JcPIP2는 대조구와 가뭄 스트레스 처리구에서 모두 발현하는 반면, 200 300 mM NaCl 처리구에서는 잎에서 발현하지 않았다. 3. 염과 가뭄 스트레스에서 JcPIP2가 상반되는 반응을 보이는 것은 JcPIP2가 염 스트레스 관련 주요 내재 단백질과 같은 기능을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 4. 자트로파는 염 스트레스보다 가뭄 스트레스에 더 내성을 보이므로 간척지보다는 가뭄지역에서 재배하는 것이 더 유리할 것으로 보인다. This study was undertaken to collect basic knowledge of Jatropha which is one of bio-energy crops, based on the understanding of physiological and molecular aspects under salt and drought conditions. The treatments were followed as: 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl for salt stress and 5, 10, 20 and 30% PEG for drought stress for 8 days, respectively. Leaf growth, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence and gene expression of aquaporin (JcPIP2) of Jatropha were investigated. From 2 days after treatments, plants treated with higher than 100 mM NaCl and 10% PEG respectively were significantly suppressed in leaf length, width, and stomatal conductance, but 5% PEG treatment showed that plant growth was improved more than control plant. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that the JcPIP2 gene was expressed in root, stem, cotyledon and leaves. It was not detected in leaves at 200 and 300 mM NaCl treatments. However, transcripts of JcPIP2 were induced in roots and stems under salt and drought conditions compared to those of healthy plants. Therefore, it was concluded that JcPIP2 plays an important role in improving drought tolerance.

소포자 배양으로 육성된 구가 크고 곧은 배추 계통 ‘원교20038호’

장하영,박민영,장석우,윤무경,이정수,박수형 한국육종학회 2017 한국육종학회지 Vol.49 No.3

Kimchi cabbage (known as Chinese cabbage) is major vegetable in Korea. An inbred line of ‘Wonkyo20038ho’, was developed by the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA in Republic of Korea. The microspore culture was carried out using ‘Chunhuigohangwang’ which was introduced from China in 2002. Among 3 DH inbred lines, ‘Wonkyo20038ho’ inbred line was finally selected after field exhibition in 2009. The horticultural traits of ‘Wonkyo20038ho’ inbred line; half-open head, white inner leaf colour, and dark green outer leaf colour. The average (for four years) head weight was 2025.3g, and head width and height were 15.8cm and 32.4cm, respectively. Head shape was narrow elliptic and degree of overlapping leaf was medium. Numbers of outer and internal leaves were 14.1 and 49.8, respectively. Harvest maturity was mid-late maturing type and average of seed yield for five years was 926 seeds. In addition, ‘Wonkyo20038ho’ inbred line is suitable for salad in that it possessed few trichome and narrow elliptic head shape.

치와와견에서 위저부 및 유문부의 절개성 위고정술을 통한 축성열공허니아의 수술적 치료

장하영,윤헌영,김준영,한현정,정순욱 한국임상수의학회 2005 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.22 No.1

A 1 year 2 months old, male Chihuahua dog weighing 0.92kg was presented with a history of intermittent vomiting after eating since two weeks ago. Based on the history, clinical signs, physical examination, and contrast radiographs, the diagnosis of sliding hiatal hernia was made. Diaphragmatic plication, esophagopexy and left-sided gastropexy concurrently required for surgical correction but in this case, diaphragmatic plication and esophagopexy could not be applied because of the patient's special condition. Instead, left-sided gastropexy was performed with additional pyloropexy. To treat reflux esophagitis, cimetidine and sucralfate were administrated and patient was fed in an upright position. Two days after the surgery, the patient showed normal activity and after then there was not found recurrence or complication.