Prostate-Specific Antigen Density as a Powerful Predictor of Extracapsular Extension and Positive Surgical Margin in Radical Prostatectomy Patients with Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels of Less than 10 ng/ml

장진석,최훈,장영섭,김진범,오미미,문두건,배재현,천준 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.12

Purpose: To assess the ability of preoperative variables to predict extracapsular extension (ECE) and positive surgical margin (PSM) in radical prostatectomy patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of less than 10 ng/ml. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to December 2009, 121 patients with prostate cancer with PSA levels lower than 10 ng/ml who underwent radical prostatectomy were enrolled in the study. The differences in clinical factors (age, PSA, PSA density [PSAD], digital rectal examination [DRE] positivity, positive magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], Gleason sum, positive core number, and positive biopsy core percentage) with ECE and the presence of positive margins were determined and their independent predictive significances were analyzed. Results: The ECE-positive patients had higher PSA, PSAD, and MRI-positive percentages, and PSM patients had higher PSA, PSAD, MRI-positive percentages, Gleason sum, and positive biopsy core percentages for prostate cancer. In the multivariate analysis, PSAD and MRI positivity were the best independent predictors for ECE, and PSA and PSAD were the best independent predictors of PSM. By receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, PSAD had better discriminative area under the curve value than did PSA for ECE (0.765 vs 0.661) and PSM (0.780 vs 0.624). The best predictive PSAD value was 0.29 ng/ml/cc for ECE and 0.27 ng/ml/cc for PSM. Conclusions: PSAD has relevance to ECE (plus MRI findings) and PSM (plus PSA). PSAD might be a powerful predictor of ECE and PSM preoperatively in patients undergoing a radical prostatectomy with PSA levels of less than 10 ng/ml. Purpose: To assess the ability of preoperative variables to predict extracapsular extension (ECE) and positive surgical margin (PSM) in radical prostatectomy patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of less than 10 ng/ml. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to December 2009, 121 patients with prostate cancer with PSA levels lower than 10 ng/ml who underwent radical prostatectomy were enrolled in the study. The differences in clinical factors (age, PSA, PSA density [PSAD], digital rectal examination [DRE] positivity, positive magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], Gleason sum, positive core number, and positive biopsy core percentage) with ECE and the presence of positive margins were determined and their independent predictive significances were analyzed. Results: The ECE-positive patients had higher PSA, PSAD, and MRI-positive percentages, and PSM patients had higher PSA, PSAD, MRI-positive percentages, Gleason sum, and positive biopsy core percentages for prostate cancer. In the multivariate analysis, PSAD and MRI positivity were the best independent predictors for ECE, and PSA and PSAD were the best independent predictors of PSM. By receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, PSAD had better discriminative area under the curve value than did PSA for ECE (0.765 vs 0.661) and PSM (0.780 vs 0.624). The best predictive PSAD value was 0.29 ng/ml/cc for ECE and 0.27 ng/ml/cc for PSM. Conclusions: PSAD has relevance to ECE (plus MRI findings) and PSM (plus PSA). PSAD might be a powerful predictor of ECE and PSM preoperatively in patients undergoing a radical prostatectomy with PSA levels of less than 10 ng/ml.

국어의 다의어에 대한 수화표현 실태 조사 : 동사 [보다]를 중심으로

장진석 국립특수교육원 2009 특수교육연구 Vol.16 No.2

이 연구는 국어 동사 [보다]의 26개 다의어(多義語, polysemic words)가 수화사전에 얼마나 어떻게 등재되었는지와 이와는 달리 26개 다의어가 농사회에서 어떻게 수화로 표현되고 있는지 그 실태를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. 조사결과 첫째, [보다]의 26개 다의어 중 수화사전 등에 등재된 것은 단 하나뿐이고, 그것마저 국어사전에서처럼 설명이 없어 이해·활용상의 어려움이 있다. 둘째, 동사 [보다]의 26개 다의어는 실제 농사회에서 그들 나름대로 적절히 수화로 표현하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 국어의 수많은 다의어들에 대해 농인들은 그들 나름대로 수화로 표현해 청인세상과 관계 짓고 살아가고 있음을 뜻한다. 셋째, 연구 결과는 농인들이 수화로 형상화해 쓰고 있는 수많은 다의어들을 조속히 조사·확인하여 모든 사람들이 사용하는데 오류나 혼란 없게 표준화·일반화할 필요가 절실하다는 것을 시사해 준다. This study is aimed to find out how 26 polysemic words of the verb [BODA(SEE)] in the Korean Language Dictionary are registered and explained in the Korean Sign Language Dictionary, and how the Deaf express 26 polysmic words of the verb [BODA] in Korean Sign Language(KSL) in their community. The results of the study are followings; The first, the only one of 26 polysemic words of the verb [BODA(SEE)] in the Korean Dictionary is registered in the Korean Sign Language Dictionary but it is not explained detailly for the Deaf to use. The second, the above 26 polysemic words ar properly expressed in Korean Sign Language in the Deaf community. The third, the above findings in this study suggest us to try to find out how many other polysemic words in Korean Language are expressed in Korean Sign Language in the Deaf community, and try to make their polysemic words expressed in Korean Sign Langauge standardized and generalized for the Deaf to use in the Deaf community.

고선형 단축파 대역 Up-Mixer 설계

장진석,채규성,윤상웅,김창우 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 2007 레이저공학 Vol.18 No.-

A single-side band double-balanced mixer using the Gilbert cell structure has been designed with the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS library. The SSB Up-Mixer consists of a core, IF balun-phase shifter, and LO balun-phase shifter block. In the core block, 4-source-coupled degeneration resistors are used to improve the mixer's linearity. The SSB mixer exhibits a 6.8 dB conversion gain with a - 5.7 dBm P_(1-dB) for IF power of 11.5 dBm and LO power of 0 dBm inputs. The image rejection ratio is - 37.7 dBc at a -5.7 dBm output power.

자연수화의 관점에서 본 한국어대응식 수화 실현의 문제점 분석

장진석 국립특수교육원 2005 특수교육연구 Vol.12 No.2

이 논문은 자연수화의 관점에서 본 한국어대응식 수화 실현의 문제점을 분석하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단어에서는 ① 조정 ② -에게 ③ -년 ④ 보내다 ⑤ 크다 ⑥ -로 ⑦ 빠르다 ⑧ 정말! 등이 오용되고 있다. 둘째, 관용어에서는 ①-죽겠다 ② 말도마라 ③ 뜻밖이다 등에서 표현상의 문제점이 있다. 셋째, 문법 및 문체에서는 ① <-들>의 복수형 ② <-자>의 종결어미형인 청유형 ③ <태>의 수화표현 ④ 문장구성성분의 위치 ⑤ 의미상의 공존관계 ⑥ 의미상의 치환 가능성 및 추상성 관계 등에서 표현상의 문제점이 있다. 한국어대응식 수화에서 이상과 같은 표현상의 문제점으로 인하여 청각장애인들뿐만이 아니라 일반 청인들에 이르기까지 수화로의 의사소통상에 많은 혼란과 어려움이 있다. 따라서 농학계와 정책당국에서는 이러한 문제점 해결을 위한 보다 깊은 검토와 연구가 있기를 바라는 바이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mis-used word, phrases, idioms, grammars and sentence structures in the designed Korean Sign language to be equivalent to Korean language. The results of the study are as follows; First, the examples in misused words are found in ① coordination ② to someone ③ ~years ④ send ⑤ big ⑥ to ⑦ quickly ⑧ indeed. Second, the examples in misused phrases and idioms are found in ① will(or shall) die ② don't tell me in such a way ③ couldn't imagine. Third, the misused examples in grammars are found in ① the explanations of plurals ② letting someone end speaking words. ③ explanations in voices ④ positions of structural factors of sentences ⑤ co-relationship in meanings of explaining sign language, ⑥ the possibilities of transmitting meanings of sign language. and abstraction of meanings of sign language in syntax. These misused examples in the designed sign language are big problems to the deaf and in the education of sign language in Korea. And so, this study suggests us to examine this big problem as fast as possible.

심초음파를 이용한 경피적 승모판 성형술 후 심한 승모판 폐쇄 부전의 예측

장진석,강덕현,송종민,이철환,홍명기,송재관,박성욱,박승정 대한순환기학회 2001 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.31 No.12

900 MHz 대역 고선형 CMOS 상향 주파수 혼합기 설계

장진석,채규성,윤상웅,김창우 경희대학교 경희정보통신 SoC연구소 2007 경희정보통신SOC연구소 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

Multibody Dynamic Analysis of a Washing Machine with a Rapid Change of Mass during Dehydration

장진석,진재훈,정혜영,박진홍,이재욱,유완석 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.17 No.1

Dehydration is one of the main processes while laundering clothes. The distribution of clothes may not be uniform and can cause an unbalanced mass distribution in washing machines. Recently, many clothes are being made with waterproof materials, which can hold and release water suddenly, causing unusual vibrations during the dehydration process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the vibration of a washing machine during the dehydration process with a rapid decrease of unbalanced liquid mass and to find a design solution for reducing vibrations. A washing machine system rotating on the vertical axis was modeled using ADAMS. A multibody dynamic model was established using experimental data of several components obtained using an MTS test machine. To validate the dynamic model, a comparison of the simulation and experiment of a washing machine during the dehydration process was carried out. For simulating the effects of a rapid decrease of unbalanced liquid, constraint equations were deactivated through several steps with rapidly decreasing time. Higher preload on the upper and lower pivot connectors can help in decreasing the vibration, and in analyzing the dynamic behavior of the washing machine. For decreasing vibration, a pre-load tool was applied in the dynamic model. Effects of pre-load were analyzed by experimental simulation.

직장 유암종 2례

장진석,한상영,김동현 啓明大學校 醫科大學 2002 계명의대학술지 Vol.21 No.1

직장 유암종은 최근 항문 직장 부위의 검사 증가로 인하여 점차로 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있는데, 크기가 작고 원격전이가 없는 경우는 내시경적 국소 절제술로 치료를 하고 있다. 저자들은 직장에 발견된 작은 크기의 유암종을 내시경적 국소 절제술로 제거한 2례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Carcinoid tumors are enigmatic slow growing malignancies which occur most frequently (74%) in the gastrointestinal tract. Rectal carcinoids comprise 12.6% of all carcinoid tumors and represent the third largest group of the gut carcinoids. The initial symptoms of carcinoid may be nonspecific when present and symptoms are dependent on the location and extent of the tumor. The majority of patients with rectal carcinoid tumors are asymptomatic, and the tumor is after diagnosed incidentally at endoscopy, surgery, or autopsy. Rectal carcinoid tumors are generally small and rarely metastatic and it is known that about 15% of these tumors frequently metastasize to distant organs (especially, liver) when its size is larger than 2 ㎝. Endoscopic resection may be the best treatment for small tumors. Recently, we experienced two cases of rectal carcinoid tumors which were treated by endoscopic polypectomy, therefore, the cases are presented in this paper with a relevant literature review.

900MHz 대역 고선형 CMOS 상향 주파수 혼합기 설계

장진석,채규성,윤상응,김창우 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2007 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

Gilbert Cell 구조를 이용한 이중평형형 성향 주파수 혼합기를 TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS library로 설계하였다. 상향 주파수 혼합기는 Mixer Core, IF balun 과 LO balun 블록으로 이루어져있다. Mixer Core 블록과 IF balun블록에서, 4매의 source deeeneration 저항이 주파수 혼합시의 선형성을 향상시키기 위해 사용되었다 .설계된 상향주파수 흔합기는 -8 dBm의 입력전력과 0 dBm의 LO전력일 때 , 8.7dB 선형변환이득를 갖는 -0.3 dB의 실출력압축전력 얻었다.

Predicting Factors for Death from Other Causes in Patients with Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma

장진석,박용현,구자현,곽철,김현회 대한비뇨의학회 2012 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.53 No.1

Purpose: To identify the predictors of death from other causes in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: We identified 1,101 patients with pathologically confirmed T1 or T2 RCC with a follow-up duration of over 6 months. Survival according to the cause of death was evaluated by using the Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test. Prognostic factors for death from other causes were assessed by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Once the prognostic factors were identified, a risk-group variable was created by counting the number of unfavorable features present for each patient. Results: The median follow-up was 62 months, and RCC-related death occurred in 50 patients (4.5%), whereas death from other causes occurred in 47 (4.3%). Patients who died from other causes had a higher American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score (26.1% vs. 10.2%; p=0.044), older age (63.4 years vs. 55.0 years; p<0.001), smaller mass size (5.1 cm vs. 7.9 cm; p<0.001), and lower nuclear grade (p=0.003). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, older age, higher ASA score, and lower body mass index were independent factors predicting death from other causes in patients with localized RCC. On the basis of the number of risk factors for death from other causes, the 5-year other-cause-specific survival was 98.3% (0 risk factors), 84.7% (1 risk factor), and 67.6% (2 or 3 risk factors), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: Older age, higher ASA score, and lower body mass index were independent predictors of death from other causes in patients with localized RCC. Purpose: To identify the predictors of death from other causes in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: We identified 1,101 patients with pathologically confirmed T1 or T2 RCC with a follow-up duration of over 6 months. Survival according to the cause of death was evaluated by using the Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test. Prognostic factors for death from other causes were assessed by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Once the prognostic factors were identified, a risk-group variable was created by counting the number of unfavorable features present for each patient. Results: The median follow-up was 62 months, and RCC-related death occurred in 50 patients (4.5%), whereas death from other causes occurred in 47 (4.3%). Patients who died from other causes had a higher American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score (26.1% vs. 10.2%; p=0.044), older age (63.4 years vs. 55.0 years; p<0.001), smaller mass size (5.1 cm vs. 7.9 cm; p<0.001), and lower nuclear grade (p=0.003). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, older age, higher ASA score, and lower body mass index were independent factors predicting death from other causes in patients with localized RCC. On the basis of the number of risk factors for death from other causes, the 5-year other-cause-specific survival was 98.3% (0 risk factors), 84.7% (1 risk factor), and 67.6% (2 or 3 risk factors), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: Older age, higher ASA score, and lower body mass index were independent predictors of death from other causes in patients with localized RCC.