16-18세기 이탈리아 귀족 계층의 인구학적 위기와 상속 관행의 변화

임동현 효원사학회 2023 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.64

본 연구는 16세기에서 18세기까지 이탈리아 귀족 계층의 상속 관행과 인구 변동 사이의 상관관계에 대해 다룬다. 이탈리아의 귀족 계층은 16세기부터 16세기 후반부터 장자상속의 관행을 널리 채택하기 시작했는데 이는 유산의 보전을 기초로 가문의 이름을 영속시키기 위한 전략의 일부였다. 그러나 역설적이게도 가문의 영속을 위해 채택했던 장자상속의 관행은 애초에 의도했던 것과 완전히 반대되는 결과, 즉 가문의 절멸로까지 이어질지 모르는 인구학적 위기를 초래하는 결과를 낳았다. 그것은 장자상속의 관행이 필연적으로 차남 이하 아들들의 독신을 전제로 하고 있었기 때문이었다. 이탈리아의 귀족 계층은 고대에 널리 확산되어 있던 양자상속의 관행을 부활시킴으로써 위기에 대응했다. 상속을 위한 양자의 입양은 대부분의 경우 같은 귀족 계층 내부에서 이루어졌으며 양자상속의 확산과 더불어 귀족 가문들의 동맹과 연대는 더욱 강화되었다.

THERMAL ANAYSIS OF AN ELECTRIC WATER PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VEHICLES

임동현,김성철,김민수 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.4

An electric water pump for engine cooling system has an advantage which particularly in the cold start, the use of the electric water pump saves fuel and leads to a corresponding reduction in emissions. However, the electric water pump for internal combustion engine generates much more heat loss than that for hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle since it is operated by electric power of high current and low voltage. In this study, the fluid flow and thermal characteristics of the canned type electric water pump with an inverter integrated has been investigated under the effects of heat generation. The analysis conditions such as outdoor air temperature of 125oC, water pump speed of 6000 rpm, coolant temperature of 106oC and coolant flow rate of 120 L/min were used as a standard condition. Therefore, the thermal performance of the canned type electric water pump's motor and inverter was evaluated by comparison with that of mechanical seal type. In the motor, the temperature reduced by over 10oC, and in the inverter, the amount of temperature decrease equaled to the maximum temperature difference, about 18.7oC. Also, canned type electric water pumps of variable materials were compared for the evaluation of thermal transfer performance for variable thermal conductivity of a can. The motor and inverter were cooled lower to 42oC at motor and about 40oC at inverter for reasonable selection of can's thermal conductivity.

표본ADAS 데이터를 활용한 고속도로 교통밀도 추정

임동현,서영훈,김형주 대한교통학회 2020 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.83 No.-

Quantitative study of fine dust-stabilized Pickering emulsions using optical laser tweezers

임동현,한혜린,김용우,최규환,박범준 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Ultrasound-Guided Totally Implantable Venous Access: Comparison between Arm and Chest Ports in Solid Organ Cancer Patients

임동현,Yang Jae Do,Chung Byeoung Hoon,유희철,이미린,황홍필 대한외과초음파학회 2021 대한외과초음파학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, technical feasibility, and complications of ultrasound-guided placement of totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) in the arm compared to the chest for patients with cancer in a single center. Methods: We retrospectively identified 371 patients who underwent TIVAP implantation in the upper arm or chest between July 2018 and June 2019. Implantation via the upper arm (arm port) or the jugular vein (chest port) was performed under sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance after administering local anesthesia. Medical records were reviewed to determine technical success, complications, and the causes of port removal were analyzed. Results: In total, 371 devices were implanted, 252 in the upper arm (n = 252) and 119 in the upper chest wall (n = 119). The technical success rate was 100%. There were fewer complications observed in the arm port group compared to the chest port group (13 vs 23 patients; 5.2% vs 19.3%), which was statistically significant (P = 0.002). The chest port group developed more complications per 1000 catheter days and had a higher total complication rate than the arm port group (P < 0.001). Local infection with abscess and wound dehiscence were the most common cause of port removal. Multivariate analysis showed that the implantable port in the arm involved a less complicated procedure (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Implantation of TIVAPs in the upper arm is a safe and feasible procedure with a low rate of complications. TIVAPs in the upper arm may be a good alternative to TIVAPs in the chest.

도시부 자율주행차 운행 안전성을 위한 모니터링 지표 개발 : 판교제로시티를 중심으로

임동현,서영훈,김종호,소재현,김형주 한국도로학회 2021 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.23 No.3

PURPOSES : Accidents involving autonomous vehicle continue to occur. However, research on autonomous vehicle monitoring has been insufficient. The purpose of this study is to develop monitoring indicators from the perspective of vehicles and road infrastructure for the safe driving of autonomous vehicles. In addition, the purpose is to monitor autonomous vehicles and road environments using the monitoring indicators developed, as well as to analyze the characteristics of road sections where autonomous vehicles exhibit abnormalities. METHODS : Data from Pangyo Zero Shuttle, an autonomous vehicle, were used in this study. Infrastructure data installed in Pangyo Zero City were used. The data were collected from June 2019 to July 2019, during the normal driving period of the zero shuttle. The five monitoring indicators were developed by combining the vehicle operation information table collected from the V2X device of the zero shuttle and the road environment monitoring detail table collected from the infrastructure data with the road section table. In addition, an analysis of road characteristics with frequent errors is performed for each monitoring indicator. RESULTS : The three monitoring indicators from the perspective of the vehicle allowed monitoring of the sensor error, sensor communication error, and yaw rate error of the autonomous vehicle's timing and road section. In addition, the two monitoring indicators from the infrastructure perspective enabled the monitoring of events and road surface conditions on roads where autonomous vehicles drive. As a result of analyzing the road characteristics that frequently caused errors by monitoring indicators, sensor errors frequently occurred in the section waiting to enter the left-turn lane. Sensor communication errors are left-turn standby and have occurred frequently on road sections where U-turns are allowed. Finally, yaw rate error occurred frequently in sections of roads where there were no induction lines or where changes to lanes occurred frequently. CONCLUSIONS : The five monitoring indicators developed in this study allowed the monitoring of autonomous vehicles and roads. The results of this study are expected to help the safe driving of autonomous vehicles and contribute to the detection of autonomous driving abnormalities and the provision of real-time road condition information through further analysis.

1920~1938년 공설운동장 건설과 조선인 엘리트의 활동

임동현 한국독립운동사연구소 2023 한국독립운동사연구 Vol.- No.83

In this paper, the characteristics of the public stadium construction process from 1920 to 1938 and the activities of the Korean elite were examined. In the 1920s, sports were established as modern cultural activities, and the problem of lack of space for sports activities emerged as a top priority. Korean thought that a public stadium was necessary as a sports complex for sports activities. However, the construction of public stadium in the 1920s was led by the colonial authorities, and as a result, difficulties such as ethnic discrimination occurred in the use of public stadium. Therefore, Korean promoted the construction of a public stadium for the Korean as a free public facilities for sports activities. In the 1930s, as sports activities of Korean began in earnest and construction of public stadium was required as a social facility to support modern urban development, the elites of Korean, centered on the wealthy class, actively participated in the construction of public stadium. 본 논문에서는 1920~1938년까지 공설운동장 건설 과정에서 나타난 특징과 조선인 엘리트들의 활동을 살펴보았다. 1920년대 근대 문화 활동으로 스포츠가 정착되고 스포츠 활동을 위한 공간 부족 문제가 최우선 과제로 등장하였다. 조선인들은 스포츠 활동을 위해서는 종합운동장으로 공설운동장이 필요하다고 생각했다. 하지만 1920년대 공설운동장 건설은 식민당국이 주도하였고, 그 결과 공설운동장 사용에 민족적 차별 등 어려움이 발생하였다. 그래서 조선인들은 스포츠 활동을 위한 자유로운 공공시설로서 조선인들의 공설운동장 건설을 추진하였다. 1930년대 조선인들의 스포츠 활동이 본격화되고 근대적 도시 발전을 뒷받침하기 위한 사회시설로서 공설운동장 건설이 요구되면서 자산가계층을 중심으로 한 조선인 엘리트들이 적극적으로 공설운동장 건설에 참여하였다. 조선인 엘리트들은 공설운동장 건설에 필요한 토지를 제공하고 건설비용을 지원하였다. 이러한 활동을 통해서 조선인 엘리트들은 자신들의 부정적인 이미지를 극복하고 지역 사회에서 헤게모니를 확보하여 자신들의 위상을 강화하고자 하였다.

옥수수 사일리지 제조 시 세절 여부와 TMR 배합시간에 따른 젖소 TMR의 물리적 유효 NDF 함량 및 in situ 반추위 분해율에 미치는 영향

임동현,기광석,최순호,권응기,김태일,박성민,박수범,김언태 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2014 농업생명과학연구 Vol.48 No.4

본 연구는 옥수수 수확 시 세절여부에 따라 제조된 옥수수 사일리지를 이용하여 TMR 제조시 배합시간에 따른 물리적 특성(Particle size 및 laceration)과 반추위 내 in situ 건물분해율에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 수행되었다. TMR 시험사료는 세절(20 mm)한 것(T1구)과 세절하지 않은 옥수수 사일리지(T2구)를 이용하여 총 60분간 배합하면서 시료를 채취한 후Penn State Particle Separator(PSPS)로 분석하였다. 모든 배합시간에서 T2구보다 T1구에서상층(>19 mm)과 하층(<8 mm)이 유의적으로 낮았고(p<0.05), 중층(8-19 mm)은 유의적으로높았으며, 굵은 비율(≥1 mm)의 감소율도 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 그리고 peNDF>8.0 및 반추위 내 in situ 건물분해율도 T1구에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과에서 옥수수 사일리지 위주의 TMR 제조 시 세절하지 않은 것보다 세절한 옥수수 사일리지가적정 peNDF 범위가 유지되어 조사료로서 사료적 가치를 증진하는데 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chopped or unchopped corn forage oncharacteristics of corn silage, and the effect of mixing time on particle size, laceration, andruminal in situ dry matter degradation of TMR mixed with these corn silage. Samples werecollected from TMR mixed with chopped or unchopped corn silage for 60 minutes, and thenanalyzed by Penn State Particle Separator. The particle retention of T1 was significantly lowerin the top screen (19 mm) (p<0.05) and in the bottom pan (p<0.01), respectively, while it washigher in the middle screen (8 mm) (p<0.01) than that of T2. peNDF>8.0 was significantlyhigher in T1 (17.10-18.18%) than in T2 (14.69-16.41%) (p<0.01) after mixing for 60 minutes. Ruminal In situ dry matter disappearance of the particle retention (>19 mm) in T1 wassignificantly increased at 24 hours incubation (p<0.05). The results show that the chopped cornsilage may improve the nutritive value of forage as promising forage with maintaining adequatepeNDF.

44. 저지종 육우의 출하월령이 성장, 도체특성 및 육질특성에 미치는 영향

임동현,김태일,위자야,최희철,이현정,박성민,박지후,김언태,김동현,임현주,이지환,최순호 한국초지조사료학회 2019 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.06

피에트로 베리와 계몽주의 여성관

임동현 한국세계문화사학회 2017 세계 역사와 문화 연구 Vol.0 No.43

This study analyses the 18th-century Italian Enlightenment philosopher Pietro Verri’s view of women. In 1776 Verri, who was 48 years old, married his niece, Maria Castiglioni, who was 23 years old, and she gave birth to their daughter, Teresa. He kept vast number of manuscripts not only on his family life with Maria, but also on the growth and education of Teresa. These manuscripts left by him are precious primary sources that tell us many things about his view of women and female education. Verri, on the one hand, applied to his daughter an innovative model of bringing of children proposed by the 18th-century European Enlightenment thinkers, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and, on the other hand, accepted their conservative view of women based upon the last centuries’ traditions. Verri affirmed the idea on physical and mental differences between men and women on the basis of biological determinism and accordingly maintained that men’s education had to be differentiated from women’s, limiting women’s activities to the domestic sphere. In conclusion, Verri’s view of women, exposed in his manuscripts, coincided with the ideas of almost all 18th-century European thinkers before the first feminist, Mary Wollstonecraft, refuted them. ( Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 본 연구의 목적은 18세기 밀라노의 계몽주의자 피에트로 베리(Pietro Verri)의 여성관을 분석하는 것이다. 1776년 48세의 피에트로 베리는 당시 23세이던 자신의 조카 마리아 카스틸리오니와 결혼하였고 그녀와의 사이에 테레사라는 딸을 두었다. 피에트로 베리는 자신의 가정생활 그리고 테레사의 양육 및 교육과 관련된 방대한 양의 수기(手記)를 남겼고 이 수기는 피에트로 베리의 여성관과 여성교육에 대한 인식을 알 수 있게 해 주는 귀중한 사료이다. 피에트로 베리는 한편으로 루소에 의해 최초로 제시되어 프랑스 계몽주의자들 사이에 널리 확산되었던 새로운 양육모델의 도입을 시도했지만 다른 한편으로는 이전 시대의 전통을 그대로 계승했던 루소의 보수적인 여성관마저 그대로 받아들였다. 피에트로 베리는 생물학적 결정론에 근거한 남성과 여성의 신체적, 정신적 차이를 긍정했으며 이에 따라 남성과 여성의 교육 방법이 달라야 한다고 주장하였다. 뿐만 아니라 남성과 여성의 사회적 역할의 차이를 인정하며 여성의 활동영역을 가정적인 영역으로 제한하였다. 결국 피에트로 베리의 수기를 통해 드러나는 여성관은 최초의 페미니스트 울스턴크래프트가 등장하기 이전 루소를 위시한 18세기 계몽주의자들이 가지고 있던 관념과 일치한다.