전통시대(傳統時代) 조석(潮汐)에 대한 변증 연구

이향배 ( Lee Hyang Bae ) 한국동양예술학회 2020 동양예술 Vol.49 No.-

In this paper, I analyzed the logic of the theory of tide by categories after compiling dialectical data which were raised in the traditional era. In this process, I looked into the discussion method of natural phenomenon in traditional times and into how scientific thoughts have been formed. This results in three categories of the traditional theory of tide in general. First, I reviewed the theory of tide by several virtuous scholars in our country focused on the theory of earth-breath. Discussion of the theory of tide was begun by Lee Gyu-bo in the middle period of Gyoryeo dynasty. He compared 'the theory in which tide is caused by the moon and the sun' by Nho Heup-ju with 《Juyeok周易》or the principle of < Honcheoneo 渾天儀 > after reviewing previous theories in 《Sugyeong水經》, < Haehobu海潮賦 > and 《Bulgeong佛經》etc. On the other hand, the intellectuals in the Joseon Dynasty like Kim Deuk-sin, Han Won-jin, and Wi Baek-gyu including Kim An-ro explained that the principles of the ebb and flood are based on the theory of earth-breath by So-ong, on the logic of working of yin-yang and Ghi氣 by Jeongja, and on the theory by Chu Hsi which related it to the moon, not to the sun. Second, there is a dialectics about the theory in which Dong-Hae, the East Sea is not affected by the tide. Scholars have raised lots of theories to explain the reasons for this phenomenon. Lee Hang-bok explained that Ghi氣 would be exhausted when the seawater reached to the east. Han Baek-gyeom suggested the theory that Ghi氣 passing through south and north cannot affect the right and left sides. Jang Yu suggested the theory of the North Sea 北海說 which explained that it was because the East Sea was close to the North Sea. Jo ik argued that there was no tide because the East Sea belonged to the part of the open sea while asserting the ocean had the inland sea and the open sea. Song Gyu-ryeom and Guoen Heon interpreted that it was due to the earthen energy地勢 and Song Byeon-seon agreed with the theory of North Sea. In this way, the reasons why there was no tide in the East Sea were logically inferred based on a variety of imagination. These discussions let us be confirmed that there was none of scientific system of information at all for most of traditional intellectuals until the end of the Joseon Dynasty. Third, there is an explanation according to scientific dialectics. This theory can be found mainly in the theory of tide by Seongho Lee Ik and Hyegang Choi Han-gi. They had extensive knowledge of Western science and accurate understanding of the relationship between the Earth, and the moon and the sun based upon heliocentric theory. In this way, they described the ebb and flood phenomenon in terms of scientific knowledge system in the organized and detailed manner. This seems to be the first case of interpreting natural phenomenon of the sea in a modern scientific way.

사랑의 병리와 비움의 미학 -이언 맥큐언의『견디어가는 사랑』을 중심으로-

이향만 ( Hyang Mann Lee ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2010 현대영어영문학 Vol.54 No.1

One of the main themes of Ian McEwan`s Enduring Love is the problem of pathological love, focused on the conflicts of science and religion in the contemporary world. The differing attitudes toward human nature and love put the protagonist into the crisis of mid-life identity and marriage. Reading this novel requires the readers to find an alternative to the controversial ways of both the rational and religious understanding of the nature of love. Ian McEwan has commented that the protagonist needed something in Clarissa`s view of things. That may be defined as her sensitive, caring world view which comes from her study of Keats` letters about being in love. The aggregative content of objective knowledge represented by the protagonist is contrasted with the lived oneness of knowing and being which is represented by Clarissa. Clarissa`s receptive intuition is evident in her acceptance of love enduring all the agonies of marriage which can be described as the result of her receiving Keat`s "ability to be without any irritable reaching after fact & reason". This is a virtue of emptiness with which man can accept the irrational reality. (Hoseo University)

Effects of a Band Training Intervention on Dementia Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease, Cognitive Functions, and Functional Physical Fitness among Elderly Women with Suspected Mild Dementia

Hyang-Beum, Lee(이향범),Tae-Sang, Kim(김태상) 한국웰니스학회 2021 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 효과적인 치매 예방 및 관리를 위한 운동 중재 프로그램을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 G 지역에 거주하는 만 65세 이상 여성 중 MMSE-K 점수가 23점 이하로 경증치매가 의심되는 참여자(실험집단= 11명, 통제집단= 12명)를 대상으로 8주간 밴드 트레이닝 중재가 알츠하이머형 치매관련인자와 인지기능 및 기능적 체력에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 밴드 트레이닝 중재에 따른 경증치매 의심 노인여성의 알츠하이머형 치매관련인자(amyloid -β, BDNF)는 측정시기와 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의한 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(F = 101.479, p = .001 / F = 19.134, p = .001). 둘째, 밴드 트레이닝 중재에 따른 경증치매 의심 노인여성의 인지기능은 측정시기와 집단간에 통계적으로 유의한 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(F = 28.991, p = .001). 셋째, 밴드 트레이닝 중재에 따른 경증치매 의심 노인여성의 기능적 체력(의자에 앉았다 일어서기, 2kg 덤벨 들기, 의자 앉아 앞으로 굽히기, 등 뒤로 손잡기, 2.44m 왕복걷기, 2분 제자리 걷기)은 측정시기와 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의한 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(F = 12.979, p = .002 / F = 22.885, p = .001 / F = 5.131, p = .034 / F = 7.023, p = .015 / F = 7.083, p = .015 / F = 6.616, p = .018). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 밴드 트레이닝은 밴드를 통한 다양한 운동 자극을 통해서 경증치매 의심 노인여성의 혈액순환과 뇌 혈류량 증가를 발현시켜 알츠하이머형 치매관련인자와 인지기능 및 기능적 체력을 개선하는 것으로 나타나 치매를 예방 및 관리할 수 있는 중재 프로그램으로 적용 가능하다고 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to propose an effective exercise intervention program to prevent and control dementia. To this end, the 8-week band training intervention was conducted among those residing in G Province and aged 65 or older whose MMSE-K score was 23 or lower, which indicated suspected mild dementia(Exercise Group = 11, Control Group = 12). The effects of this intervention on dementia factors of Alzheimer"s disease, cognitive functions, and functional physical fitness were examined, and the following conclusions were derived: First, it turned out that after the band training intervention was applied, dementia factors of Alzheimer"s disease (amyloid-β, BDNF) among elderly women with suspected mild dementia showed statistically significant interactive effects depending on the measuring timing and group(F = 101.479, p = .001 / F = 19.134, p = .001). Second, it turned out that after the band training intervention was applied, cognitive functions of elderly women with suspected mild dementia showed statistically significant interactive effects depending on the measuring timing and group(F = 28.991, p = .001). Third, it turned out that after the band training intervention was applied, functional physical fitness (chair stand, 2kg dumbbell curl, sit and reach, back scratch, 2.44m up-and-go, and 2 minute walk) showed statistically significant interactive effects depending on the measuring timing and group(F = 12.979, p = .002 / F = 22.885, p = .001 / F = 5.131, p = .034 / F = 7.023, p = .015 / F = 7.083, p = .015 / F = 6.616, p = .018). The results above indicate that band training facilitates blood circulation and cerebral blood flow among elderly women with suspected mild dementia through various band-based stimulations. As a result, dementia factors of Alzheimer"s disease, cognitive functions, and functional physical fitness are improved. Band training, therefore, is thought to be applicable to intervention programs to prevent and control dementia.

거리환경미화원의 근골격계 증상의 특징 및 인간공학적 평가

이향기(Hyang Ki Lee),명준표(Jun Pyo Myong),정은희(Eun Hee Jeong),정혜선(Hye Sun Jeong),구정완(Jung?Wan Koo) 대한인간공학회 2007 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

The aim of this study was to evaluate the musculo-skeletal symptomatic features of municipal sanitation workers and to compare differences of the musculo-skeletal symptoms by work types. We conducted descriptive cross-sectional survey concerning the musculo-skeletal symptomatic features of 315 street cleaners in Seoul and GyeongGi Province, Korea, during 2 weeks of September 2006. Questionnaires were consisted of general characteristics, occupational characteristics and musculo-skeletal symptoms. And we observed their works and evaluated their movement and posture by REBA. For work types, tools and subjective physical work loading, there were statistical difference whether or not NIOSH symptom positive on upper limb. Musculo-skeletal symptoms on upper limb were claimed from 43.2% of street cleaners, more than in 32.4% of cleaners. Musculo-skeletal symptoms on upper limb were reported higher in the group who felt their subjective physical work loading severe than in the otherwise group. The REBA results were over 'high risk stage' in street cleaners. Street cleaners had more repetitive motions than solid waste collectors on upper limbs. Works according to the criteria of musculoskeletal burdened work by the Ministry of Labor results were over 'high risk stage' of No. 2 and No. 4 in street cleaners. We found that street cleaners complained musculo-skeletal symptoms on upper limb more than solid waste collectors. This study suggests that it is necessary for street cleaners to carry out the prevention program of musculo-skeletal diseases. For street cleaner, the measure plans such as job rotation, automatic street sweepers, reducing work hours are helpful in preventing musculoskeletal symptoms on the upper limb.

경구 항바이러스제의 장기적 효과와 안전성

이향이 ( Hyang Ie Lee ) 대한간학회 2008 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.14 No.3

특집논문 : 회봉(晦峯) 안규용(安圭容)의 시문학(詩文學) 연구(硏究)

이향배 ( Hyang Bae Lee ) 호남사학회(구 전남사학회) 2014 역사학연구 Vol.56 No.-

본고는 회봉 안규용의 생애와 한시 세계에 대해 분석하였다. 회봉은 연재 송병선으로 고제자로 평생 동안 산림에서 강학활동하며 존화양이의 의리사상을 실천하여 고고한 지조를 지키며 살다간 유학자이며 애국지사이다. 그의 문학 작품에는 그런 시대에 살아가면서 겪어야만 했던 갈등과 고민이 투영되어 있었다. 회봉은 載道的 문학관을 견지했다. 덕행을 문학의 근본으로 삼고 인품을 중시하는 문학론을 펼치고 있었다. 인품이 높은 사람이 훌륭한 시도 짓는다는 논리로서 덕행이 문학으로 승화되었을 때 훌륭한 문학이라고 본 것이다. 회봉의 한시세계는 대체로 창작시기별로 내용을 중심으로 분석하였다. 먼저 회봉이 젊었을 때 불운한 시대를 만나 선비로서 품은 포부가 좌절되면서 내면적으로 방황하는 면모를 밝혔다. 회봉은 암담한 현실 속에서 겪어야 했던 좌절감과 갈등을 시로 승화시키고 있었다. 그의 시에는 회봉의 포부와 함께 호방한 기상이 잘 나타나 있었다. 평생 동안 춘추의리를 실천한 회봉은 尊攘義理 사상을 시로 형상화하였다. 대명의리사상이 문학적으로 승화된 작품으로는 <誓東征壯士>와 <壽皇亭歌>였다. 그의 시에 투영된 존화양이의 의리사상은 일제에 대한 저항하는 대응논리이며 제국주의 문화에 맞서 인의도덕문화를 지켜내려는 인문정신의 발로였다. 회봉에 있어서 죽곡정사는 매우 중요한 공간이었다. 강회의 분위기를 읊은 시와 제자들에 대한 사랑을 드러낸 시의 분석을 통해 볼 때 죽곡정사는 회봉의 학문탐구 공간이었다. 또한 <죽곡잡영>의 분석을 통해 정사 주변 경물은 靜觀의 대상이며 寓興의 知己였고, 심신 수양의 공간이며 풍류를 즐기는 장소였음을 밝혔다. 회봉이 산수를 유람하여 한시를 남겼다. 회봉이 맑은 승경을 유람하면서 자신을 반성하기도 하고 끊임없이 나라를 걱정하는 마음을 토로하였다. 또한 회봉이 자신의 내면에 쌓인 울분과 답답한 심경을 산수를 통해 해소했던 것이다. 회봉의 한시에는 우국충정과 춘추의리사상이 일관되게 점철되어 있었으며, 불우한 시대에 선비로 살아가면서 겪어야만 했던 갈등과 고민이 문학적으로 승화되어 있었다. 그의 시풍은 대체로 비분강개의 호방한 풍격을 지녔으며, 선비의 정신세계가 잘 드러나 있었다. This paper attempts to take an in-depth study of Hoebong Ahn, Gyuyong’s life and his poetic artworks and activities. Hoebong was a loyal student of Yeonjae Song, Byungsun. He had devoted his whole life for teaching and put ‘revere the China and expel the foreigners’ theory into practice. He was a Confucian scholar and a patriot who spent his life time to keep his fidelity. His agony and inner conflicts are reflected in his literature works. His literary philosophy put a great importance on a virtue and a noble character of human being. He appreciated that a person who has a noble character writes great poems. It shows that virtue can be sublimated into great literature works. His literature was analyzed by written time and by the main themes. First of all, Hoebong had to go through misfortunate time when he was young. His wishes were frustrated and he had to agonize over the dark reality of the age. His inner conflicts are analyzed through his literature. He sublimated his frustration and inner conflicts into great poetry. His poems express his ambitious wishes and vigorous spirit. He had put ‘revere the China and expel the foreigners’ theory into practice and this was expressed in this poetry. His poetic artworks such as Suhdongjeonjangsa and Suhwangjeongga reflecting his royalty toward Ming. His ‘revere the China and expel the foreigners’ and royalty toward Ming were against Japan and its imperialism. His humanitarianism was the groundwork of his humanity which tried to keep loyal and moral spirit. Jukgokjeongsa was a meaningful place for Heebong. It was a place for fostering academic research and this was revealed through his poetry analysis which expressed the atmosphere of the place and his love for his students. Besides, Jukgokjabyoung reflects that the scenery of the season was an object of appreciation and an appreciative friend of his. It was a place for cultivating his body and mind through tasting for the arts. Hoebong made tours to mountains and rivers national wide to write poems. Those tours made him reflect on himself and worry his nation. He also resolved his frustration and stuffy feeling through appreciating beautiful nature in mountains and rivers. His literature works expressed his consistent patriotic spirit and critical attitude(Chuchu-Euili) and sublimated his inner frustration and conflicts into great poetry. His poetry expresses his sorrowful indignation and broad spirit as well inner mind of a scholar.

모바일 사용자의 대용량 GPS 데이터로부터 시맨틱 관심지점 발견

이향진(Hyang-Jin Lee),최정화(Jung-Hwa Choi),박영택(Young-Tack Park) 한국정보과학회 2012 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.39 No.3

모바일 환경에서의 위치정보는 새로운 정보 자원으로써 다양한 서비스로 확장이 가능하다. 좀 더 의미 있는 확장을 위해서는 위치정보를 단순히 지도와 연결하는 것뿐만 아니라 사용자가 존재한 위치가 내포하는 의미까지도 알 수 있어야 한다. 하지만 GPS 수신의 오차로 정확한 GPS 좌표를 수집할 수 없고, 이로 인해 사용자가 머물거나 이동한 장소에 대한 존재 이유를 정확하게 판별하기 어렵다. 본 연구는 모바일 사용자의 대량의 이동궤적 정보를 기반으로 시맨틱(semantic) POI(Point Of Interest) 발견 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 두 가지 단계로 구성된다. 첫째로, WiFi 맵(map)을 사용한 GPS 클러스터링(clustering) 알고리즘을 이용하여 GPS 수집 시 발생하는 오차를 보정하여 사용자 이동궤적을 정제한다. 다음으로 세가지 노드로 축약한 그래프 표현 방법을 이용하여 정제된 사용자의 이동궤적에서 시맨틱 POI를 발견한다. 세 가지 노드는 시맨틱 노드, 휴게 노드, 중간 노드이다. 시맨틱 노드는 특수한 목적을 가지고 머문 장소이고, 휴게 노드는 잠시 머문 장소, 그리고 중간 노드는 시맨틱(휴게) 노드로 가는 선호 지점을 표현한다. 제안하는 방법은 위성 GPS 데이터의 오류를 73% 개선하며, 약 2달간의 테스트 데이터로 발견한 시맨틱 POI 결과를 기존의 연구와 비교 평가하여 42% 더 정확한 결과를 보였다. Location information in mobile environments can be extended for a variety of services as a new information resource. To make it more meaningful expansion, you are simply connecting with information, but also should be able to find the implications of user's existence. However, Due to error in GPS receiver it can not collect the exact GPS coordinates, and it is difficult to distinguish exactly the existence reason for a place where the user stayed or moved. This study proposes a semantic POI detection technique based on the large-scale moving trajectory information of mobile users. The proposed method consists of two steps. First, Using the GPS clustering algorithm with WiFi map, it corrects errors that occurred when collecting GPS data and refines the user trajectory. And then it can find the semantic POI from the user's refined trajectory using the shorthand graph representation by three kinds of nodes. Three different nodes are the semantic node, the stop-over nodes, and intermediate node. Semantic nodes are a stayed place with a special purpose, and stop-over nodes is a temporary stayed place, and intermediate nodes express the favorite point going to semantic(stop-over) nodes. As a result, the proposed method improved 73% to errors of satellite GPS and produced 42% more accurate results compared with the previous research evaluation of semantic POI results detecting from test data over period of approximately two months.

교양무용/체육수업 참여에 따른 대학생들의 자기효능감, 몰입경험 및 대학생활만족의 관계

이향범 ( Hyang Beum Lee ),이한경 ( Han Kyung Lee ),이영일 ( Young Il Lee ) 한국무용연구학회 2015 한국무용연구 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구는 교양무용/체육수업 참여에 따른 대학생들의 자기효능감, 몰입경험 및 대학생활만족의 관계를 규명하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울, 경기도 및 충청북도 소재 4개 대학 대학생 328명을 연구대상자로 선정하였다. 연구의 목적을 규명하기 위하여 빈도분석, 확인적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 상관관계 분석 그리고 구조방정식 모형을 사용하여 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 교양무용/체육수업 참여에 따른 대학생들의 자기효능감은 몰입경험에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 교양무용/체육수업 참여에 따른 대학생들의 자기효능감은 대학생활만족에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 교양무용/체육수업 참여에 따른 대학생들의 몰입경험은 대학생활만족에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. The purpose of this study was to investigate that verification of relationship model among self-efficacy, flow experience, and university life satisfaction by liberal dance/physical education class particiapants. To achieve the objective of this study that 328 surveys had collected form general physical education class in, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheongbuk-do areas. Frequency, reliability, correlation, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. The main results were as follows. First, self-efficacy had influence on flow experience. Second, Self-efficacy had influence university life satisfaction. Third, flow experience had influence on university life satisfaction.

논문 : 일본 농업협동조합법의 성립 및 제도형성에 관한 연구 -1945~1952년 미국의 일본점령기를 중심으로-

이향철 ( Hyang Chul Lee ) 한국협동조합학회 2003 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.21 No.2

청소년 자살행동의 영향요인

이향석(Hyang-Seok Lee),김연하(Yeon-Ha Kim),김순희(Soon-Hee Kim) 한국생활환경학회 2015 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.22 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of suicidal behavior(suicidal ideation – plan–attempt) among adolescents. The data of the 10<SUP>th</SUP> (2014) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was analyzed by x²-test and multiple logistic regression. The risk factors of suicidal behavior were grade, school performance, perceived social economic status, residence type, perceived health status, perceived happiness, stress, depression, alcohol, smoking and drug experience. Therefore it is necessary to develop suicide prevention program that can control those influencing factors. In addition, intervention program that can enhance the ability of managing the crisis is urgent in priority of female students.