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이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),홍기영(Ki Young Hong),주재학(Jae Hak Joo),김도진(Do Jin Kim),어수택(Soo Taek Uh),김용훈(Yong Hun Kim),박춘식(Choon Sik Park) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.60 No.3
Backgroud : Wheezes are the oscillation of airway walls that occures when there is airflow limitation, as may be produced by bronchospasm, airway edema or collapse or intraluminal obstruction by neplasm or secretions. Wheezes can be observed in about 34% of bronchiectasis, that defined as abnormal and permanent dilatation of bronchi. Bronchiectasis is associated with bronchial asthma in 2.7-42%. We studed the clinical significance of wheeze observed in bronchiectasis and interrelationships between the bronchiectasis with wheeze and bronchial asthma. Methods : We reviewed the 32 patients with bronchiectasis confirmed by HRCT. Exclusion criteria are acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis, neoplasm, bronchial asthma. The controlled group is 29 bronchial asthma patients and their diagnositc criteria is when the %change of FEV1 after inhaled bronchodilators is 12% or more and absolute change value is ≥200 mL. All patients were performed spirometry, bronchodilator test, bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, skin prick test and sputum analysis for cell counts. Results : The Wheeze observed in 43.7% of bronchiectasis patients. Wheeze group revealed the more obstructive pattern in spirometry than non-wheeze group (FEV1% 71.0±8.2% vs 91.7±5.5%, p=0.04; FEV1/FVC 61.1±4.4% vs 78.2±3.7%, p=0.009), more bronchodilator responses (8.4±2.1% vs 4.9±1.7%, p=0.045) and more bonchial hyperresponsiveness (positive results in PC20 : 2 in 6 patients vs no positive in 3 patients). Asthma control group has no significant differences with wheeze group. But compared with non-wheeze group, it has significantly decreased lung function (FEV1/FVC 65.5±2.9% vs 78.2±3.7, p=0.004), more bronchodilator responses (14.8±0.6% vs 4.9±1.7%, p=0.001) and more eosinophilic airway inflammations (sputum eosinphile% 11.4±2.0 vs 0.8±0.4, p=0.05). Conclusions : The wheezes observed in bronchiectasis are associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic airway inflammations.(Korean J Med 60:242-248, 2001)
로봇 개인화를 위한 승자 피드백과 선호도 기반 보상 학습
김찬우(Chan-Woo Kim),이준혁(Joon-Hyeok Lee),김준호(Jun-Ho Kim),이경재(Kyung-Jae Lee) 대한전자공학회 2023 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.6
As people started to interact with robots for their convenient use, personalizing a robot’s behavior is necessary to satisfy the user. Recently, significant progress in personalizing robot behavior has been made by learning a reward function with human feedback. However, earlier works primarily focused on pairwise comparison, which is common in preference-based learning. In this paper, we extended the pairwise comparison into a b-length comparison. We propose an upper confidence bound based algorithm which efficiently balances the exploration-exploitation trade-off by building a query with potentially high reward trajectories. Moreover, we found out that collecting winner feedback, while avoiding cognitive overload, showed better performance in learning a personalized reward function.
이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),이규택(Kyu Taek Lee),최성호(Seong Ho Choi),노재형(Jae Hyung Noh),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Ko),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.1
N/A Backgroud/Aims: For many years, it has been thought that gallstone disease was relatively rare and pigment stone was prevalent in Korea. But a few recent studies showed that 60-70% of gallbladder stones in Korea were cholesterol stone. This study was designed to obtain a prevalence and risk factors for gallstone in Korea. Methods: A total of 5,126 persons undergoing routine health screening enrolled in this study. All persons were given a questionnaire about smoking habits, alcoho] consumption, parity, and present illness along with its history of management. Height and body weight were checked. They were examined using ultrasonography and hiochemical test such as lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose. Gallstone disease was defined as the presence of posteriorly shadowing, echogenic, movable structures within the gallbladder as determined by ultrasonography and a history of previous cholecystectomy due to gallstones. Chi-square test and stepwise logistic regression analysis assessed the risk factors for gallstone disease. Results: The prevalence of gallstone disease in Korean adults(above 20 years old) was 4.7% in men and 5.2% in women. The age-standardized prevalence was 3.1% and 3.4% respectively. Gallstone disease was more frequent in the older age groups(6.6% in the sixth decade, 12.2% in the seventh decade, and 20.4% in the eighth decade). Age, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes were risk factors for gallstone disease. Smoking, alcohol consumption, parity, and hypercholesterolemia including LDL-C did not differ significantly between persons with and without gallstone disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of gallstone in Korean adults are 3.1% in men and 3.4% in women. The risk factors for gallstone are age, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes. Further studies will be needed about the prevalence of gallstone disease in general population according to the composition of gallstone.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 29:85-92)
결핵균이 배양되어 장결핵으로 오인되었던 Crohn 병 임상적 , 대장 조영술 및 대장 내시경적 경과 관찰
정훈용(Hwon Yong Jung),이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),이준성(June Sung Lee),정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),윤용범(Yong Bum Yoon),송인성(In Sung Song),최규완(Kwoo Wan Choi),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1991 대한내과학회지 Vol.41 No.5
Crohn's disease is a subacute and chronic inflammation of the digestive tract from mouth to anus, presenting especially in the distal ileum, the colon, and the anorectal area. Crohn's disease has been known to be a very rare disease in Korea. But the incidence of this disease seems to be in increasing tendency as in the developed counturies. Although many reports on the relationship between Crohn's disease and mycobacterium, the etiology and pathogenesis of Crohn's disease has remained to be solved up to now. In our countury, we have several problems in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease because of much higher incidence of intestinal tuberculosis and clinical similarities of two disease entities. The authors present a case of Crohn's disease with culture positive for M. tnberculosis on the colonic biopsy specimen with his clinical, radiological, and colonos-copic manifestations.
만성 염증성 장질환 및 감염성 대장염 환자의 대장상피 세포에서의 HLA - DR 항원 발현 양상
정현채(Hyun Chae Jung),이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),김우호(Woo Ho Kim),송인성(In Sung Song),최규완(Kyoo Wan Choi),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim),김정목(Jung Mogg Kim) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.5
Objective: Since it was reported that expression of HLA-DR antigen by colonic epithelial cells was observed in inflammatory bowel disease, whether this phenomenon is specific for idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease has been controversial. Furthermore, studies concerning the expression of HLA-DR antigen in tuberculous colitis, one of the most common diseases which need differential diagnosis with idioapthic inflammatory bowel diseases in Korea, and Behcet's colitis, rare in Western countries, have not been reported as yet. The purposes of this study are to test the hypothesis that the expression of HLA-DR antigen by colonic epithelium is specific for idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and to observe the pattern of the colonic expression of HLA-DR antigen in Behcet's colitis and to compare with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Methods: Multiple colonoscopic biopsies were performed on fifty eight patients(twenty seven ulcerative colitis, four Crohn's disease, nine Behcet's colitis, nine infectious colitis, and nine normal control). Immunohistochemical staining using mouse monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody was performed on each biopsy specimens, and was compared according to its histologic activity. Results: 1) In the ulcerative colitis group, 77.2% of specimens with histologically active inflammation expressed HLA-DR antigen, whereas only 15.6% of specimens without active inflammation did, showing significant difference(p<0.005). 2) In the Crohn's disease group and the infectious colitis group, specimens with histologically active inflammation(58.3% and 60.0%) showed higher positive rate than specimens without histologically active inflammation(12.5% and 40.0%), but statistical significance was not observed(p>0.05). 3) Colonic epithelial cells of the Behcet's disease group expressed HLA-DR antigen only in 18.8% of specimens with histologically active inflammation, showing significantly lower rate of positive expression than other inflammatory bowel diseases with active inflammation(67.3%, p<0.005). 4) Overall, 52.2% of specimens with active inflammation expressed epithelial HLA-DR antigen, showing significantly higher rate of positive expression than specimens without active inflammation(19.8%, p<0.005). Conclusion: The epithelial expression of HLA-DR antigen in inflammatory bowel disease seems to be a nonspecific parameter indicating active histologic inflammation, especially in ulcerative colitis, and cannot be used in differential diagnosis of tuberculous colitis and Crohn's disease. However, in Behcet's colitis, the frequency of HLA-DR antigen expression by colonic epithelium is significantly lower than other inflammatory bowel disease, therefore a different immunopathophysiologic mechanism is suggested, which needs further investigation.