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2006~2010년도 국내 노지재배 고추의 바이러스병 발생현황
이장하,홍진성,주호종,박덕환,Lee, Jang Ha,Hong, Jin Sung,Ju, Ho-Jong,Park, Duck Hwan 한국유기농업학회 2015 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.23 No.1
2006년부터 2010년까지 국내 고추 노지재배 포장을 대상으로 경상남도와 제주도를 제외한 강원도 11개 지역 등 전국에 걸쳐 총 83개 지역을 중심으로 바이러스 이병체를 채집하여 연차별 고추 발생 바이러스의 발병률, 바이러스 종류 및 감염 형태를 조사하였다. 2006년부터 2010년까지의 고추에서의 평균 단독 감염률은 46.6%, 복합 감염률은 48.0%로 조사되어 고추 생산에 있어서 가장 큰 위해요소는 바이러스 발병으로 나타났다. 바이러스별로는 CMV가 평균 34.8% 발병률로 가장 우점 바이러스로 조사되었다. 반면 BBWV2는 낮은 발병율을 보여주었으며, TSWV는 충남과 전남지역에 국한되는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 고추 노지재배 시 발생하는 바이러스의 위해도를 발병률에 따라 구분하면 CMV, PMMoV, 그리고 PepMov 순으로 조사되었다. 또한 복합 감염의 발생도 모든 조사지역 시료에서 검출되었으며, 이에 대한 감염 별 바이러스 종류와 발생률을 분석하였다. 복합 감염에서 가장 빈번하게 검출된 바이러스는 CMV로, CMV+BBWV2, CMV+PepMoV, CMV+PMMoV의 복합 감염형태가 검출률이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 고추의 유기농 재배 생산에 가장 큰 위협요인으로 작용하는 바이러스의 적절한 대책마련을 위한 지속적인 바이러스 모니터링과 3종 이상의 복합 감염 위해성을 판단하기 위한 추가 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. In this study, viral disease samples were obtained between 2006 and 2010 from pepper fields in 11 major pepper-growing districts in Gangwon-do, and in 83 areas from other provinces, with the exception of Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeju island in Korea. In order to assess the type of infection, field surveys were conducted with regard to viral disease severity and virus type, based on typical symptoms on leaves. The means of single and mixed-virus infections were 46.6% and 48.0%, respectively, during those periods, suggesting that viruses are the agents that most severely decrease pepper production in field cultivation in Korea. In terms of single infection, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was the most prevalent virus based on its disease severity ratings (34.8%). Next, Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) were shown to cause severe viral diseases in pepper, with disease severities of around 5-10%. On the other hand, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) occurs in a limited area in Chungcheongnam-do and Jeollanam-do. Thus, the viral disease caused by CMV, PMMoV, and PepMoV in pepper can be severe, and these virus types should remain considered critical reasons for decreased pepper production in field cultivation in Korea. In addition to single infection, mixed infections are frequently observed in collected pepper samples from all areas. The ratios of mixed infection were therefore studied to evaluate the disease severity of mixed infections and to define individual virus types. These data showed that different types of viruses were present, and CMV was the most abundant virus for mixed infection, as in the case of single infection. Among mixed infections, the highest disease severity was seen with CMV+Broad beam wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), followed by other types of mixed infection such as CMV+PepMoV and CMV+PMMoV. However, further work is needed to reduce the severe damage caused by viruses and to assess mixed infection types involving three or more viruses.
비스포스포네이트 연관 악골 괴사증 환자에서 유경 협부 지방 피판을 이용한 치료
이장하,김민근,김성곤,박영욱,박상욱,박영주,Lee, Jang-Ha,Kim, Min-Keun,Kim, Seong-Gon,Park, Young-Wook,Park, Sang-Wook,Park, Young-Ju 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2013 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.35 No.3
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a disease characterized by jaw necrosis and delayed wound healing in patients who had received bisphosphonates. Buccal fat pad (BFP) can be used as a pedicled flap in the posterior region of the oral cavity. BFP pedicle flap needs simple surgical technique and it shows less donor site morbidity and aesthetic problem than other vascularized flap. BFP pedicled flap was fed by 3 arteries-facial, internal maxillary, and transverse facial artery. Osteomyelitis was generally related with poor blood supply. Thus, rich blood supply of BFP pedicle flap can have a potential advantage to BRONJ patients. In this case report, we presented 3 BRONJ patients treated by BFP pedicle flap after sequestrectomy.
정영신(Young-Shin Chung),이석종(Seok-Jong Lee),최선아(Sun a Choi),이장하(Jang-ha Lee),류재천(Jae-Chun Ryu),홍은경(Eun-Kyung Hong) 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2002 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.22 No.4
In order to investigate the safety of Aralia elata extract causing the reduction in the blood glucose level and oxidative stress in diabetes animals, these genotoxicity studies in bacterial and mammalian cell assay system such as Ames bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration assay were performed. As results, in Ames bacterial reversion assay the extract in the range of 5,000~625 ug/plate did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 strains with and without metabolic activation of S-9 mixture. For chromosomal aberration assay, IC50 (50% inhibition concentration of cell growth) of the extract were determined; 792 ㎍/ml without and 524 ㎍g/ml with S-9 mixture in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cell culture. Any significant chromosomal aberration was not observed in CHL cells treated with the extract at the concentrations of 792, 396 and 198 ㎍/ml or 524, 262 and 131 ㎍/ml in the absence or presence of S-9 metabolic activation, respectively. From these results, Aralia elata extract did not induce any harmful effects on the gene in bacteria and mammalian cell system used in these experiments.
CGMMV-CP 형질전환 수박대목의 CGMMV 내성시험 및 계통확보
박상미,권정희,임미영,신윤섭,허남한,이장하,류기현,한지학,Park, Sang-Mi,Kwon, Jung-Hee,Lim, Mi-Young,Shin, Yoon-Sup,Her, Nam-Han,Lee, Jang-Ha,Ryu, Ki-Hyun,Harn, Chee-Hark 한국식물생명공학회 2007 식물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.1
수박작물의 대목용으로 사용하는 수박공대에 CGiMMV-CP 유전자를 도입하여 개발된 LM 수박공대의 CGMMV 내성 정도를 격리하우스와 노지 포장내에서 조사하였다. 격리온실에서의 $T_{3}$ 형질전환 수박대목의 CGMMV 내성은 접종 후 70일까지 유지되는 반면 대조구는 접종 후 20일에 전부 이병되었다. 인위적 토양전염 포장에서 형질전환체는 접종후71일까지 약 40%의 내성률을 보였으며, 대조구는 접종 후 37일에 모두 이병되었다. 인위적 접촉전염 포장에서 형질전환체는 대조구에 비해 약 10일 정도 지연효과를 보였다. 따라서 CGMMV-CP 형질전환체는 CGMMV에 저항성을 가진 것이 아니라 감염시기를 지연시키는 부분 내성으로 나타났다. CGMMV-CP homozygous T 세대를 진전시켜서 형질전환 수박공대 계통을 $BC_{1}T_{5}$ 세대에서 선발하였다. 또한 LM 수박공대에 형질전환 되지 않은 접수 (슈퍼금천수박)를 접목하여 non-LM 수박을 생산하고 CGMMV-CP 유전자에 관련된 물질의 이동 여부를 조사하였다. PCR, northern, western 분석한 결과 수박공대 대목에서 형성되는 DNA, RNA, protein 물질이 접수로 이동되지 않음을 확인하였다. Previously developed transgenic watermelon rootstocks (gongdae) inserted by CGMMV-CP were examined to test the virus tolerance levels. In the restricted plastic house, the $T_{3}$ watermelon rootstock showed tolerance to CGMMV until 70 days after inoculation on the leaves while the non-transformed watermelon rootstock became susceptible at 20 days after inoculation. In the field, tolerance efficiency of transgenic rootstocks maintained up to 40% at 71 days after contamination with CGMMV in the soil while all of the non-transformed rootstocks became susceptible at 37 days with the same condition. In the same field, transgenic rootstocks showed more tolerance to CGMMV than the non-transformed rootstocks as those were inoculated on the leaves, but it showed only 10 days delay before being susceptible. Therefore, transgenic rootstocks have a characteristic of delay effect against CGMMV susceptibility, rather than resistance character. From $T_{3}$ rootstocks homozygous for the CGMMV-CP horticulturally favorable individuals were selected for further breeding and a transgenic line was finally obtained at the $BC_{1}T_{5}$. A material transfer experiment was conducted to find out if the DNA, RNA or expressed protein in the transgenic rootstocks could move to the grafted scion (non-transformed watermelon, Super-Kumcheon). PCR, northern, and western blot analysis were performed and no evidence of transferring of those materials from rootstock to scion was ever found.