여성작가가 재현한 신여성이라는 현실 -이선희,박화성, 강경애를 대상으로

이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ) 한국문학연구학회 2013 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.49

이선희, 박화성, 강경애는 1930년대라는 동시대를 산 여성작가들이다. 하지만 그들이 작품 속에 재현하고 있는 여류문사(신여성)의 모습은 다르 다. 계몽이 필요한 아이 혹은 속물적 인간으로 재현되거나 자기 욕망과 내 면에 집중하는 근대 개인으로 체현되기도 한다. 박화성은 1930년대 연애 담과 사치, 허영 등의 부정적 에피소드들로 담론화되었던 여류문사에 대 한 소문들을 그대로 받아쓰기하지는 않았지만 당대 가부장 문화에서의 일탈을 욕망하던 신여성을 담아내지는 못 했다. 강경애가 보여주는 여류문사는 1930년 당대 매체를 통해 형성되었던, 조롱과 반감의 대상으로서의 여류문사(신여성)의 모습과 일치한다. 자기 반성을 모르는 사람, 지적 허영 등은 강경애가 포착한 당대 여류문사의 일 면이다. 박화성과 강경애는 신교육을 받은 여성작가로 살았지만, 작품에 서 한 인간으로서의 신여성에 대해서는 특별한 관점을 드러내고 있지 않 다. 부르주아적 감성을 드러낸다고 이야기되는 이선희의 작품 속에 등장하 는 신여성들에게 중요한 것은 자기의 욕망, 감정, 내면의 변화이다. 이선 희의 작품에서 재현된 신여성들은 식민지 근대를 살아야 하는 도시인들의 양면성, 즉 근대 문화를 향유하면서도 그 속에서 느끼는 소외감과 내 것이 될 수 없음에서 느끼는 고독을 육화하고 있다. 1930년대 여성작가들이 신여성을 재현하는 눈은, 조선의 빈궁한 삶(과 공간)을 바라보는 신여성의 시선에도 그대로 투영된다. 박화성의 신여성 은 놀라고 배우는 자세로 조선 하층 현실을 수용한다면, 강경애의 여류문 사는 자기가 사는 세계와 다른 세계, 인간들이 사는 곳이라고 할 수 없는, 그래서 내가 있어서는 안 되는 공간으로 위계화한다. 한편 이선희의 신여 성들에게 농촌과 어촌은 생활과 삶의 공간이 아니라 개인의 욕망과 자아 가 투영되는 배경(자연)이 될 뿐이다. 부르주아 신여성들에게는 나(의 욕 망) 자신에 대한 몰두가 곧 삶이고 생활이었기 때문에 외부세계는 중요한 것으로 선택되지 못 한다. 그들의 현실은 조선 민중의 현실과 다른 것이었 다. Lee Sun Hee, Park Hwa Seong, and Kang Kyeong Ae are female writers who lived contemporarily in the 1930`s. However, the ways they represent female writers (modern women) in their works are distinct. They are reproduced as a girl or a snob who needs enlightening, or they are embodied as a modern individual who concentrates on the personal desire and inner side. Park, Hwaseong did not take down the rumors of female writers who had been discussed on such negative episodes as love stories, extravagance, and vanity in the 1930`s. She, however, failed to show a modern woman who longed to break away from the contemporary culture of patriarchism. The modern woman that Kang, Kyeongae showed corresponds to the image of modern women as a figure of mockery and hostility which was presented on the media of the 1930`s. A woman who does not know self-reflection and possesses intellectual vanity is an aspect of the contemporary female writer that Kang captured. Park and Kang were female writers who received new education, but they do not reveal any particular stance on modern women as a human being in their works. What is important to the modern woman in Lee, Sunhee`s works that have been said to expose bourgeois sentiment is her own desire, emotion, and inner variation. The modern women represented in Lee`s works incarnate ambilaterality of urbanites who had to live in colonial modernism; that is, they bask in the modern culture but they feel a sense of alienation and solitude due to the fact that they cannot actually have it. The perspective of the female writers` in the 1930`s on modern women is starkly reflected on the modern women`s eyes that view Joseon`s penurious life (and space). Park`s modern woman accepts the reality of Joseon`s lower class in a surprised and educational way, whereas Kang`s modern woman hierarchizes it into a disparate space where people cannot live and therefore she should not belong. Meanwhile, for Lee`s modern woman farming and fishing villages are not a space for life and living, but they are just a background (nature) on which an individual`s desire and ego are projected. For bourgeois modern women, engrossment in themselves (their desires) is equal to life and livelihood, and thus the outside world cannot be considered significant. Their reality was different from that of Joseon`s general public.

한방소아·청소년과 외래 환자 주소증의 최근 경향에 대한 연구

이은주,이보람,이지홍,장규태,Lee, Eun Ju,Lee, Bo Ram,Lee, Ji Hong,Chang, Gyu Tae 대한한방소아과학회 2016 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate about chief complaints of Korean pediatrics and adolescent outpatients in the ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university hospital for their recent trend. Methods The study was composed of 4,677 new patients aged between 1 month and 20 years who had been visited pediatrics in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university hospital from 2012 January to 2015 December. Results 1. Among those patients, majority was early childhood as 51.4%, followed by early childhood, late childhood, infancy, and adolescence. 2. Chief complaints in this population have been recorded in the fall the most as 29.6%, but the distribution was inconsistent. 3. To categorize, digestive-related chief complaints were the highest as 30.6%, followed by respiratory, supplemental use, growth, psychiatrics. Respiratory-related chief complaints increased dramatically in the fall. 4. In infancy and early childhood, digestive/respiratory complaints were common, whereas, growth complaints were common in late childhood and adolescence. 5. Digestive/respiratory complaints have been over 50% out of all chief complaints annually. Psychiatric and growth-related complaints have been trending up, whereas, supplemental/skin complaints have decreased every year. 6. Specifically, anorexia were the most common in digestive complaints, and rhinitis/sinusitis were top among respiratory complaints. Precocious puberty and developmental disability increased every year. Conclusions The most common chief complaints were digestive and respiratory-related, and precocious puberty and growth issues have been trending up lately. Based on this result, more studies that targets precocious puberty and growth problems are needed.

지역사회 중노년기 성인의 연령군별 낙상두려움 관련 요인

이은주,이은숙,Lee, Eun Ju,Lee, Eun Sook 경희대학교 동서간호학연구소 2022 동서간호학연구지 Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors related to fear of falling (FOF) in different age groups from community-dwelling mid to late-adults. Methods: To identify the factors related to FOF, data of 162,684 adults over 45 years of age from 2019 Community Health Survey was analyzed using logistic regression with complex samples. Results: Factors related to FOF found in all age groups were sex, previous experience of falls, physical activity levels over moderate intensity, subjective health status, number of chronic diseases, stress, depression, and cognitive decline. In the 45-64 age group, the FOF was significantly higher in the groups of low education level and low monthly household income. In the 65-74 and over 75 age groups, the FOF was significantly higher in the groups of not living with spouse and walking not practiced. Conclusion: We suggests that understanding of risk factors and early detection of fall risk patients in each age group are necessary to establish and apply tailored fall prevention programs for prevention and management of the FOF in community-dwelling mid to late-adults.

저염식이를 이용한 cyclosporine 신독성에서 angiotensin converting enzyme Inhibitor의 영향

이은주,이은실,하정희,김용진,박용훈,Lee Eun-Ju,Lee Eun-Sil,Hah Jung-Hi,Kim Yong-Jin,Park Yong-Hoon 대한소아신장학회 2000 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.4 No.2

목 적 : Cyclosporine(CsA)는 면역 억제제로서 중요한 역할을 하고 있지만 가장 중요한 부작용인 신독성 때문에 사용에 제한이 있다. 이에 저염식이를 한 쥐에서 유발되는 만성 CsA 신증에서 angiotensin converting enzyme 억제제(ACEI)가 미치는 영향을 검색하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 흰 쥐를 대상으로 하여 표준식이(NSD), 저염식이(LSD), NSD+CsA. LSD+CsA, NSD+CsA+ACEI, LSD+CsA+ACEI를 1-6군으로 분류하여 공급하였다. 6주 후 혈중 CsA농도, 혈청 sodium, potassium, GFR을 측정하였고, 신장의 조직검사를 시행하였다. 성 적 : 혈중 CsA농도와 sodium치는 각 군간에 차이가 없었고 potassium치는 CsA 단독 투여시에는 식이군간에 차이가 없었으나, CsA와 ACEI를 병용 투여시에는 NSD군에 비해서 LSD군에서 유의하게 증가하였다. (P<0.05). 사구체 여과율은 CsA만 투여한 경우나 CsA와 ACEI를 병용투여한 경우에서 NSD군에 비해 LSD군에서 유의하게 감소하였고 NSD를 시행한 경우에서는 CsA만 투여한 경우보다 ACEI를 병용투여했을 때 GFR이 더 감소하였다 (P<0.05). 조직학적 소견은 CsA투여에 의한 근위부 세뇨관 위축, 간질의 섬유화와 PAS염색 양성인 과립들이 출현하였고 이는 NSD군보다 LSD군에서 더 저명하였으며 ACEI를 병용시에도 LSD군에서 이러한 변화가 더 저명하게 관찰되었으나 ACEI 투여 전과는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서는 염분 부족은 renin-angiotensin system을 활성화해서 CsA 신증을 더욱 가중시키며, ACEI는 LSD로 유발된 CsA 신증에서 신기능의 화학적 지표와 조직학적으로 더욱 악화시컸다. 이 결과로 LSD로 인해 더욱 조장될 수 있는 간접적인 신허혈 상태에서는 ACEI는 신관류를 개선하지 못하고, 이로 인해 신독성이 더욱 악화될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. Purpose: Cyclosporine(CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant but the use of CsA is associated with various side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. In tile kidney, salt depletion activates tile renin-angiotensin-aldosteron(RAS) system and accentuates chronic CsA nephropathy. We postulate that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEI) can prevent chronic CsA nephropathy, since ACEI may inhibit this cascades. This study was aimed to assess the effect of ACEI on chronic cyclosporin nephropathy in salt depleted rats. Methods: 36 Fischer-344 rats were divided into 6 goups. Group I received normal salt diet(NSD). Group II received a low salt diet(LSD). Group III received CsA with a NSD. Group IV received CsA with a LSD. Group V received NSD+CsA with ACEI. Group VI received LSD+CsA with ACEI. Rats were sacrificed after six weeks and the glomerular filtration rate(GFR), serum sodium, potassium and whole blood cyclosporine levels were measured. Renal tissues me sampled for the observation of histological changes. Results: No differences in blood CsA level & serum sodium were found between groups during the course of this experiment. Serum potassium in group VI was significantly increased compared with group IV and V (P<0.05). In groups treated with CsA only and in those where CsA was combined with ACEI, GFR was found to be significantly more decreased in LSD than NSD, and GFR in group V was significantly decreased in comparison with group III (P<0.05). Renal histologic lesions associated with CsA which consisted of cortical interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy and hyalinization of arterioles were more severe in tile LSD group. But, no differences were observed between tile groups treated with CsA and ACEI, and the groups treated with only CsA. Conclusion: Salt depletion associated with the activation of the RAS system accentuated chronic CsA nephrotoxicity, but, ACEI could not reduce the functional and morphological changes of salt depleted kidneys, in which nephropathy can be exacerbated in spite of the blocking of the angiotensin II pathway. further studies are required to elucidate whether Am ameliorated the effect of salt-depleted CsA nephrotoxicity upon the effective renal blood flow.

식간 (食癎)으로 진단된 영아기 환아 1례에 대한 증례 보고

이은주,이보람,이지홍,장규태,Lee, Eun Ju,Lee, Bo Ram,Lee, Ji Hong,Chang, Gyu Tae 대한한방소아과학회 2016 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.30 No.3

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report a case of one infant patient diagnosed as Sik-Gan (食癎) who was treated by Korean medical treatment. Methods We diagnosed an infant patient as Sik-Gan (食癎) and treated him with herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxa and chuna therapy while correcting his eating habit. To measure the degree of the patient's progress, the frequency and exact symptoms of seizure events, and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded. Results Korean medical treatment reduced the patient's the frequency of seizure, and improved gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions A patient who has past medical history of epileptic seizures, unhealthy eating habits and gastrointestinal malfunctions is prone to have a specific form of seizure called the Sik-Gan (食癎). In this report, we have proven that variety of Korean medical treatment can considerably be effective in preventing recurring seizure events and improving the patients' gastrointestinal symptoms.

Cellulomonas속 종간의 원형질체 형성조건의 차이에 대하여

이은주,배무,Lee, Eun-Ju,Bae, Moo 한국미생물학회 1986 미생물학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Cellulose분해력이 높은 Cellulomonas속 세균의 원형질체 융합을 위한 원형질체 형성조건을 조사하여 본 결과 같은 Cellulomonas 속인 Cellulomonas sp. C S 1- 1과 Cellulomonas flavigena NCIB 12901 균주일지라도 그 형성조건에 현저한 차이가 있어 CS1-l균주는 lysozyme농도 $100{\mu}g/ml$ 30분정도의 처리로 99.9%의 높은 원형질체 형성을 얻을 수 있는 반면 C.flavigena 균주는 lysozyme 농도도 훨씬 높고 장시간이 소요되어 $600{\mu}g/ml$. 6시간 정도의 처리에 약80%의 원형질체 형성을 보였다. 또한 세균 배양기간이 미치는 영향도 CS1-l균주는 별 영향을 받지 않고 원형질체화 되었으나 C. flavigena균주는 매우 민감하게 영향을 받아 대수증식기 중기의 세포가 말기의 세포보다 원형 질체가 잘 이루어 졌다. 원형질체 형성확인방법에서도 CS-1 균주는 osmotic shock을 주어 원형질체를 계수하거나 SEM으로 확인하거나 같은 결과를 얻었으나 C. flavigena 균주는 osmotic shock에 의한 원형질체의 계수결과와 SEM으로의 결과가 서로 달라 확인방법으로 두 방법이 병행되어져야 함을 보여주었다. In order to develope interspecific fusion of the genus Cellulomonas capable of assimilation cellulose, the optimun conditions for the protoplast formation was investigated to examine the susceptibility of cell wall, between different species of the same genus using scanning electron microscope. The variation in the susceptibilities of Cellulomonas sp. CS 1-1 and C. flavigena to lysozyme treatment were considerably remarkable, although they belong to the same genus. The rate of protoplast formation of CS1-1 was 99.9% being treated with lysozyme $(100{\mu}g/ml)$ for 30 minute and that of C. flavigena was about 80% being treated at the concentration of $600{\mu}g/ml$ of lysozyme for 6 hours. The susceptibility of cell wall to the lysozyme treatment on protoplast formation of the strain, CS1-1 seems not to be depend on the cultural periods of cells. On the contrary, that of C. flavigena was considerably depend on the periods. Cells of C. flavigena at mid exponential phase could be more efficiently converted to protoplast cells than those at late exponential phase be done. The rate of the protoplast formation was 95%, when cells of C. flavigena at mid exponential phase were treated with lysozyme $600{\mu}g/ml$ for 6 hours and observed by SEM. In the evalution of protoplast formation of the CS1-1 results of counting method in plate after osmotic shock treatment were similar to the results of the direct observation method by means of SEM. But in the case of C. flavigena the latter method was much more reliable than the former, because the differences between the number of spheroplasts and protoplasts were not able to figure out on conuting the number of protoplast after osmotic shock tretment.

실리콘 해양전지의 기술개발 현황

이은주,이수홍,Lee Eun-Ju,Lee Su-Hong 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 전기전자재료 Vol.19 No.7

양자 우물 소자 모델링에 있어서 다중 에너지 부준위 Boltzmann 방정식의 Self-consistent한 해법의 개발

이은주,Lee, Eun-Ju 대한전자공학회 2002 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.39 No.2

양자 우물 반도체 소자 모델링에 있어서 양자 우물의 다중 에너지 부준위 각각에 대한 Boltzmann 방정식의 해를 직접적으로 구하는 self-consistent한 방법을 개발하였다 양자 우물의 특성을 고려하여 Schrodinger 방정식과 Poisson 방정식 및 Boltzmann 방정식으로 구성된 양자 우물 소자 모델을 설정하였으며 이들의 직접적인 해를 유한 차분법과 Gummel-type iteration scheme에 의해 구하였다. Si MOSFET의 inversion 영역에 형성되는 양자 우물에 적용하여 그 시뮬레이션 결과로부터 본 방법의 타당성 및 효율성을 보여 주었다. A new self-consistent mathematical model for semiconductor quantum well device was developed. The model was based on the direct solution of the Boltzmann transport equation, coupled to the Schrodinger and Poisson equations. The solution yielded the distribution function for a two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG) in quantum well devices. To solve the Boltzmann equation, it was transformed into a tractable form using a Legendre polynomial expansion. The Legendre expansion facilitated analytical evaluation of the collision integral, and allowed for a reduction of the dimensionality of the problem. The transformed Boltzmann equation was then discretized and solved using sparce matrix algebra. The overall system was solved by iteration between Poisson, Schrodinger and Boltzmann equations until convergence was attained.

Cryo-Methods와 Cryo-SEM을 이용한 Cyanobacteria, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 미세구조 관찰

이은주,문윤정,오현우,김수진,정영호,권희석,김윤중,Lee, Eun-Ju,Moon, Yoon-Jung,Oh, Hyun-Woo,Kim, Su-Jin,Chung, Young-Ho,Kweon, Hee-Seok,Kim, Youn-Joong 한국현미경학회 2009 Applied microscopy Vol.39 No.1

Cryo-SEM which enables specimens to be observed in frozen form has been used to study liquid specimens in their native states. Cryo-methods, sample preparation for cryo-SEM, are quite complex and involve several discrete but vitally interconnected steps which are rapid cooling, fracturing, sectioning, etching and coating. It is important to select practical techniques and to optimize conditions of each steps considering analytic purpose and specimen characters, viz., sample dimension, water contents. In this study, etching methods and sample preparation before freezing had been studied for observation of cyanobacteria, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 using cryo-SEM and their cryo-SEM images were compared to Conventional SEM (CSEM) images treated by chemical fixation. We could observe the improved morphological images of the pili of the surface and membranes of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and the three-dimensional architectures of their biofilm, which were difficult to observe using chemical fixation and CSEM. These results suggest that cryo-methods/cryo-SEM are useful techniques for morphological study of biological specimen. Cryo-SEM은 수분을 함유하거나 액상 시료를 동결된 상태로 관찰하는 방법으로 rapid cooling, fracturing, sectioning, etching, coating과 같은 다소 복잡한 여러 과정의 전처리(Cryo-methods) 로 구성된다. 각 과정에서는 분석 목적이나 시료 특성(예: 시료크기, 물 함량 등)을 고려하여 최적의 조건을 설정하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 cryo-SEM을 이용하여 남세균 (cyanobacteria, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803)의 표면 및 내부 구조 관찰을 위한 etching time과 시료 처리에 관하여 살펴보았고 cryo-methods로 처리한 후 cryo-SEM으로 관찰한 이미지를 화학 고정한 일반 SEM(CSEM) 결과와 비교하였다. 관찰 결과, 화학 고정한 CSEM에서는 Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 표면에 존재하는 pili가 잘 관찰되지 않았으며 파단된 내부 구조의 이미지를 얻을 수 없었으나 cryo-methods/cryo-SEM에서는 세포 표면의 pili 및 membrane의 형태를 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 수화 상태에 따라 구조변형이 일어나는 biofilm의 구조도 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로부터 cryo-methods/cryo-SEM은 수분을 함유하는 의생물 시료의 형태 구조를 분석하는 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

기억용량 향상을 위한 BAM 의 성능 분석

이은주,오창석 ( Eun Ju Lee,Chang Suk Oh ) 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 1996 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

Abstract_Roman In this paper, the performance of the BAM is analyzed to increase storage capacity. BAM consists of two layers af neurons which are connected by directional weighted path. Simulation is performed by various using parameters such as hamming