수준별 소집단 협력학습 유형이 학습자의 학업적 자기효능감과 영어학업성취도에 미치는 영향

이남숙(Lee Nam-Sook),임병빈(Im Byung-Bin) 한국영어어문교육학회 2006 영어어문교육 Vol.12 No.4

  The purpose of the present study was to investigate how two types of cooperative groupworks will affect learners" academic self-efficacy and English achievement in the first graders of Middle school. Experimental class A was done by similar-level groupwork, experimental class B by differential-level groupwork, and controlled class C by whole classwork. In order to accomplish the goals of the study, questionnaires on learners" academic self-efficacy were examined before and after the experiment. Also English achievement tests were done during the experiment. The analytic results of the questionnaires and English achievement tests were like the following conclusions: First, two types of cooperative groupworks were more effective on improving learners" academic self-efficacy than the whole classwork. Second, two types of cooperative groupworks were more effective on improving two levels" (higher and medium) academic self-efficacy. Third, among three types of classworks, differential-level groupwork was the most effective on improving learners" English achievement. Fourth, in case of medium-level learners, differential-level groupwork was more effective on improving their English achievement than similar-level groupwork.

전라북도 부안군ㆍ고창군 무인도서 식생에 관한 연구

이남숙 ( Lee Nam-sook ),김창환 ( Kim Chang-hwan ),이희철 ( Lee Hee-chul ),최영은 ( Choi Young-eun ),장수림 ( Jang Su-rim ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2016 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.28 No.2

Six field surveys were conducted from May to September of 2013 in order to identify vegetation and develop the current vegetation map of uninhabited islands in Buan-gun and Gochang-gun of Jeollabukdo. In total there were 30 uninhabited islands in Buan-gun and Gochang-gun, and vegetation was formed in 20 of them. Among the 20 uninhabited islands, 18 were located in Buan-gun and two in Mandol-ri, Simwon-myeon of Gochang-gun. Main vegetation of 20 uninhabited islands was Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens community of 15.87%, the Pinus thunbergii community 13.83%, and the Carpinus coreana community 6.00%. Those three communities accounted for 35.70% of the total area. The net vegetation area was 154,267.60m2, and was mostly dominated by these communities. Regarding vegetation diversity, Keunttanji Island had nine communities, and Jeungjo Island had five communities. Mogoe Island and Suribawi Island had four communities each. Since the number of communities in these islands ranged from one to five except for the Keunttanji Island, and the community diversity was relatively low. The Pinus thunbergii community and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens community had a high origination rate. In the uninhabited islands where the Pinus thunbergii community was largely distributed, the distribution ratio of Pinus thunbergii community was high. A total of 22 communities were distributed in the 20 uninhabited islands. The number of herbaceous community, shrub community and subtree community were seven each, while the arboreal community was nine. Especially, in the Pinus thunbergii community most of those trees were planted and the Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens and Miscanthus sinensis community were formed by grazing. The Pseudosasa japonica and Phyllostachys bambusoides were planted around a structure that was constructed before for the purpose of management including grazing. As for the characteristic of overall vegetation in the 20 uninhabited islands, warm temperature communities were rare. Also, the distribution rate of planted or disturbed communities like the Pinus thunbergii and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens was relatively high. Another characteristic was that the dune vegetation was rarely distributed. As the succession progresses, these uninhabited islands are expected to face an increase in the level of Eurya japonica, Camellia japonica, Raphiolepis umbellata and the Carpinus coreana community, all warm temperature species.

경북의성 멸종위기종 붉은점모시나비 서식지 식물의 생활형 및 식생

이남숙 ( Nam Sook Lee ),김창환 ( Chang Hwan Kim ),김도성 ( Do Sung Kim ),최영은 ( Young Eun Choi ),박율진 ( Yool Jin Park ),이경보 ( Kyeong Bo Lee ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.6

The present paper deals with a research of life form and vegetation of the plants extant in the habitat of endangered Parnassius bremeri in Uiseong, Gyeongsangbuk-do with a view to restore their habitat and create substitute habitats. The research found that there are a total of 130 vascular plants including 47 families, 96 genera, 113 species, 1 subspecies and 16 varieties. In terms of their life form, hemicryptophytes (H) is the majority of dormancy form with 41 species or 31.54%, while R5 is majority of radicoid form with 72 species or 55.38%, gravitational disseminule form (D4) is majority among the disseminule forms with 68 species or 52.31% and erect type (e) is majority of growth form with 57 species or 43.85%. Major constituents of the habitat are Sedum kamtschaticum, Selaginella tamariscina, Orostachys japonica, Arundinella hirta, Cymbopogon tortilis var. goeringii, Themeda triandra var. japonica, Carex humilis, Indigofera kirilowii, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Festuca ovina, Artemisia capillaris, etc., all of species which are in the initial stage of succession and show simultaneously features characteristic of vegetation on the rock. In the habitat 1. Sedum kamtschaticum- Selaginella tamariscina community and Pinus densiflora community are distributed whereas, in the habitat 2. Sedum kamtschaticum-Selaginella tamariscina community, Sedum kamtschaticum-Carex humilis community, Sedum kamtschaticum-Cymbopogon tortilis var. goeringii community and Sedum kamtschaticum-Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii community are growing and in the habitat 3. Sedum kamtschaticum-Selaginella tamariscina community, Selaginella tamariscina community, Sedum kamtschaticum-Indigofera kirilowii community and Quercus acutissima community are seen distributed there, too. Typical of food plants growing in the habitat is Sedum kamtschaticum, found mostly in the rocky area and its surroundings. Absorption plants are those that usually bloom in the season when imagoes emerge. From the research, it becomes evident that the blooming season of Sedum kamtschaticum, obviously a food plant, corresponds exactly to the emergence timing of imagoes. Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense, Rosa multiflora, Erigeron annuus, Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora are found to belong to these plants.

절개지 사면의 생태환경 복원을 위한 자생식물 조합

이창숙 ( Chang Shook Lee ),서형민 ( Hyoung Min Suh ),김동근 ( Dong Geun Kim ),엄상미 ( Sang Mi Eum ),최선아 ( Sun A Choi ),이남숙 ( Nam Sook Lee ) 한국환경보건기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2009 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.12 No.6

To suggest the native plants combination for restoration of the dissected sloping area, the plant communities of thirty seven quadrats from five localities of mid-southern part of Korean peninsula were surveyed from 2007 to 2008. Their flora, vegetation structure, and dominant species based on the importance value were investigated. And the soil characters (pH, moisture content, water holding capacity, and organic matter) of each dominant species were analyzed. Also, germination tests were performed to check the stability of restored native plants using seed chips. As a result, 79 native plants were suggested for the dissected sloping area: 20 trees and subtrees for the upper layer, 18 shrubs and vines for the middle layer, and 41 herbs for the lower layer, taken together their flora, dominant species, vegetation structure, soil condition, germination test, flowering period.

여수 묘도의 식물상 및 식생에 관한 연구

최영은 ( Choi Young-eun ),이남숙 ( Lee Nam-sook ),김혜란 ( Kim Hye-ran ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2017 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.29 No.1

This study was based on Myodo Island, and it identified a total of 283 vascular plants with 87 families, 202 genera, 1 subspecies, 32 varieties, and 1 subspecies, 32 varieties, and 1 formas. In terms of their life form, 83 species of therophytes(Th) covered 29.3% in dormancy form, while R5 was prevalent in radicoid form and D4, D1 and D2 comprosed 82.8% of the whole disseminule form. Growth form was surveyed in the order of erected type(e) and tussock form(t), and these species comprised 55.5% of the whole flora. Consequently, life form showed type Th-R5-D4. Growth habit was erect form(e). The forest community was recognized into 6 communities, i.e. The Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus thunbergii-Quercus dentata community, Pinus thunbergii-Robinia pseudoaccacia community, Pinus thunbergii-Castanea crenata community, Pinus rigida community and Rosa multiflora-Pueraria thunbergiana community. Results of the age analysis showed a range of 13-30 age, and age frequency distribution of dominant species(Pinus thunbergii) showed similar trends. Vegetation changes following selective logging and major natural disturbance were investigated by using age and size-class distribution in a Myodo Island forest. On the other hand, Pinus thunbergii, Quercus acutissima, and Robinia pseudoaccacia that belonged to the seedling, sapling and small size-class category seldom occurred in this area. In comparison, the Quercus serrata and Quercus dentata produced a lot of trees from the above categories. The age size-class frequency distribution of the Quercus also showed similar trends to the Quercus serrata and Quercus dentata community. Consequentially, process of community change estimated for Pinus thunbergii community should be alternated to the Quercus forest.

대학생의 과시소비성향과 관련요인 연구

이윤금(Yoon Geum Lee),이남숙(Nam Sook Lee) 대한가정학회 1999 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.37 No.5

가공 방법 및 저장기간에 따른 대나무통 발효차의 성분 변화

이용호(Yong-Ho Lee),하기정(Gi-jeong Ha),김낙구(Nak-Ku Kim),이남숙(Nam-Sook Lee),손길만(Gil-Man Shon) 한국차학회 2013 한국차학회지 Vol.19 No.1

대나무통에 유념한 차 잎을 넣어 실온, 30℃, 40℃의 온도에서 12시간, 24시간, 36시간으로 조건을 달리하여 발효시켰으며, 발효 후에는 65℃ 온도에서 15일 동안 건조시켜 저장 30일부터 저장 90일까지 발효차의 성분변화를 비교분석 하였다. 발효차 저장 중 일반성분 함량 변화에서는 조단백질, 조회분, 조지방 함량이 발효온도, 발효시간, 저장기간에 따른 큰 변화는 보이지 않았으나, 수분 함량은 저장 전(3.1-5.3%) 저장 90일(5.9-8.6%)로 저장 기간이 경과할수록 함량이 증가하였다. 무기질 함량변화는 K>Ca>Mg>Mn>Na > Fe 순으로 높게 나타났다. pH 변화에서는 발효온도와 발효시간 및 저장기간이 경과할수록 큰 변화를 보이지 않았고, 총산 함량은 저장 전에 1.53-2.12%, 저장 30일 2.07-2.47%, 저장 60일 2.18-2.47%, 저장 90일 2.14-2.56%로 저장기간이 경과할수록 총산 함량이 증가하였다. 저장기간이 경과할수록 L(명도) 값은 높게 나타났으며 적색도(a)와 황색도(b)는 낮아지는 현상을 보였다. 가용성 고형분(brix°)의 변화는 저장 전과 저장 30일에 0.4-0.5 brix°로 낮게 나타났으나 저장 60일에서 저장 90일에서는 0.6 brix°로 높아지면서 일정한 brix°를 유지하였다. Gallic acid는 저장기간이 경과할수록 함량이 감소하였고, 저장 전과 발효온도 30℃, 24시간 발효에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 카테킨류는 6종류가 검출되었으며, EGCG >ECG > C > GC > EGC > EC 순으로 높은 함량을 나타냈으며, 저장기간이 경과할수록 함량이 낮아지는 현상을 보였다. Caffeine의 경우 저장기간이 경과할수록 감소하였으며, 실온, 12시간 발효에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 아미노산은 생잎과 발효 전부터 발효 후까지 발효시간에 상관없이 실온에서 90일 저장 시와 30℃, 40℃에서 30일 저장 하였을 때 ammonium chloride가, 상온과 30℃에서 30일간 저장 시 glycine이, 40℃에서 90일 저장 시 alanine이 가장 많이 검출되었다. 차의 수색에 관여하는 성분 중에서 차의 품질을 결정하는 클로로필 함량은 저장기간이 경과할수록 함량이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 기호도 조사에서는 40℃에서 12시간 발효 시켰을 때 선호도가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 발효시간이 짧을수록 선호도가 높게 나타났다. Abstract Tea leaves were prepared using a fermentation method for 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours with 30℃ and 40℃ temperature in a bamboo tube container. After fermentation, changes in the general components of tea leaves dehydrated in 65℃ for 15 days were analyzed from before storage to the 90th day at 30 day intervals. In terms of the general content, the moisture was found to be proportional to the storage period, which was 3.1-5.3% before storage and 5.9-8.6% at the 90th day of storage. The mineral content was K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na and Fe arranged in the order of their concentration. The pH was 4.80-5.10 before storage, which decreased to 4.45-4.62 at the 30^th day of storage, and was maintained at those levels until the 90^th day after storage. The total acid was 1.53%-1.74% before storage, and 2.07-2.47% at the 30th day to 90^th day of storage. The soluble solid content was 0.4-0.5 brix° before storage, which was maintained at 0.6 brix° for 60-90 days. For the chromaticity, the brightness was proportional to the storage period, whereas the reddish and yellowish rates were inversely proportional to the storage period. The gallic acid content was inversely proportional to the storage period, which shows the highest value for the 12 hour fermentation processing time. Six types of catechins were detected in the experiment and the order according to the amount was EGCG, ECG, EC, EGC and GC. In general, the catechin content is inversely proportional to the storage period. The caffeine content was highest at 12 hours at normal temperatures. Finally, the fermentation conditions of the highest preference were 40℃ for 12 hours, which is inversely proportional to the storage period.

오대산 국립공원 비로봉 일대 산지 삼림식생의 군락분포에 관한 연구

최영은 ( Young Eun Choi ),김창환 ( Chang Hwan Kim ),오장근 ( Jang Geun Oh ),이남숙 ( Nam Sook Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.2

Forest vegetation of Birobong (1,563 m) in Odaesan National Park is classified into mountain forest vegetation and flatland forest vegetation. Mountain forest vegetation is subdivided into deciduous broadleaved forest, valley forest, coniferous forest, subalpine coniferous forest, subalpine broad-leaved forest, afforestation and etc., while riparian forest was found under the category of flatland forest vegetation. Including 196 communities of mountain forest vegetation, 1 community of flatland forest vegetation and 4 communities of other vegetation, the total of 201 communities were researched; the distributed colonies classified by physiognomy classification are 62 communities deciduous broad-leaved forest, 84 communities of valley forest, 15 communities of coniferous forests, 16 communities of subalpine coniferous forest, 3 communities of subalpine broad-leaved forest, 16 afforestation, 1 community of flatland forest and 4 other communities. As for the distribution rate for surveyed main communities, Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Tilia amurensis communities account for 37.08 percent of deciduous broad-leaved forest, Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Cornus controversa, Populus koreana community takes up 1.59 percent of mountain valley forest, Pinus densiflora community holds 6.65 percent of mountain coniferous forest holds. In conclusion, minority species consisting of Quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Tilia amurensis, Juglans mandshurica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Cornus controversa, Populus koreana, Pinus densiflora are distributed as dominant species of the uppermost part in a forest vegetation of Birobong in Odaesan National Park. In addition, because of vegetation succession and climate factors, numerous colonies formed by the two species are expected to be replaced by Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis and Juglans mandshurica which are climax species in the area. However, the distribution rate of deciduous broad-leaved forest seems to increase gradually due to global warming and artificial disturbance.

인천 덕적도 식물상과 식생에 관한 연구

최영은 ( Choi Young-eun ),김창환 ( Kim Chang-hwan ),이희철 ( Lee Hee-chul ),이남숙 ( Lee Nam-sook ),송명준 ( Song Myeong-joon ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2016 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.28 No.2

This study is based on the Deokjeok Island, and identified a total of 334 vascular plants with 85 families, 224 genera, 1 subspecies, 41 varieties and 3 formas. The Pinus densiflora community, which was dominated by the Pinus densiflora, was distributed in the Deokjeok Island. Grassland vegetation, which included the Pueraria thunbergiana, grew around the dock, villages, and farmlands. The Carpinus coreana formed communities on the cliffs along the coast, where ridges of cliffs are connected. Most of the valley vegetation consisted of species of Quercus, which included the Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica and Quercus aliena. The Pinus densiflora community accounted for the biggest area among all forest communities in the Deokjeok Island, which is 63.46% of the total area (13,243,407.65m2). Next followed the Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community with 4.26%, and the Carpinus coreana community with 3.78%. Therefore as succession proceeds, the area distribution of the Pinus densiflora community is expected to gradually decrease, while the Quercus is expected to increase. Also, it seems that the Quercus acutissima community, the Quercus variabilis community and the Quercus serrata community distributed around the valleys will be replaced by the Acer mono, the Fraxinus rhynchophylla, the Cornus controversa, the Lindera erythrocarpa and the Platycarya strobilacea which are usually distributed around the valleys. In the seashore cliffs, the current Carpinus coreana community is expected to grow further and partially increase its size. The current forest vegetation of Deokjeok Island is mostly the Pinus densiflora community, which appeared at the mid stage of succession. Thus, the overall vegetation in Deokjeok Island seems to be at the early or mid stage of forest succession. If normal succession continues over time, the vegetation of this area is likely to be replaced by the typical forest vegetation, such as the Carpinus coreana and Quercus.

남한에 자생하는 복수초의 형질특성에 관한 연구

안영희 ( Young Hee Ahn ),여성희 ( Sung Hee Yeau ),이남숙 ( Nam Sook Lee ),이상태 ( Sang Tae Lee ) 한국환경생태학회 1999 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.13 No.3