성적 노출증 및 접촉도착증의 유병율 및 임상특성 : 예비연구

박선화,권석현,왕태종,홍정민,김은비,맹정원,임명호,Park, Sun Hwa,Kwon, Seok Hyeon,Wang, Tae Jong,Hong, Jung Min,Kim, Eun Bi,Meng, Jung Won,Lim, Myung Ho 대한불안의학회 2015 대한불안의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objective : The current study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of sexual exhibitionism and frotteurism, which was conducted for the first time in Korea. Methods : Among 568 total subjects (mean age $19.28{\pm}5.0$ year), 109 were victims of sexual exhibitionism (19.2%, VSE) of which 57 were females (91.9 percent) ; and 57 were victims of sexual frotteurism (10.9%, VSF) of which 57 were females (91.9%). The participants completed the self-reported scale for epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Results : Incident frequencies of above two times of VSE and VSF were 49 (50.0%) and 20 (32.3%), respectively. Incident locations of VSE were school/office 37 (33.3%), street 28 (25.6%), and near home 20 (18.3%). Also, incident locations of VSE were inside of bus 12 (19.3%), subway 12 (19.3%), subway/bus station 8 (12.9%), near home 8 (12.9%), and school/office 7 (11.3%). Notifying rate of VSE and VSF to the police were 7.3% and 0%, respectively. Also, notifying rate of VSE and VSF to family or friends were 72.5% and 58.1%, respectively Conclusion : These results suggested that VSE and VSF had a common prevalence, which could be different from behavioral and emotional characteristics of a control group ; and the victims were shown to require an active intervention by supportive social system.

온라인 커뮤니티 웹사이트에 나타난 임신과 출산에 대한 여성들의 관심사

박선화,우민수,전경자,유정옥,Park, Sun Hwa,Woo, Min Soo,June, Kyung Ja,Yu, Jung ok 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2020 간호학의 지평 Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe women's concern for pregnancy and child birth in the internet community. Methods: One representative in the internet community was selected and questions regarding pregnancy and child birth were collected for 2 weeks in October 2019. A total of 8,005 questions were analyzed by frequency and proportion after categorizing theme into pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum care. Results: The most frequent questions were on preparedness for pregnancy (26.2%), followed by questions on infertility (23.3%), and on postpartum care (20.2%). Among the questions on preparedness for pregnancy, the most frequent questions were related to the follicle and ovulation. More than half of the questions on infertility (68.3%) were about diagnosis and treatment. Questions on abortion included symptoms, abortion procedure, post abortion care, and the support system. Among the questions on delivery, the most were about the delivery method (67.2%). Finally, questions on postpartum care were related to the physical changes/symptoms, daily life after delivery, postpartum care support, etc. Conclusion: As these results reflect women's need for information and support, it is suggested that more specific and targeted nursing practices for pregnancy and child birth should be developed.

중국 조선산업의 경쟁력 강화를 위한 산업정책변화 고찰

박선화(Park, Sun-Hwa),두보(Tu, Bo) 대한중국학회 2017 중국학 Vol.60 No.-

본 논문은 포터(Porter)가 제시한 요소조건, 수요조건, 연관·지원 산업 실태 및 기업 전략, 구조 및 경쟁관계를 토대로 중국 조선산업에 관련한 현황을 고찰하였다. 또한 중국 정부의 조선산업에 대한 지원전략과 정책 특성을 분석하였다. 일본과 한국의 사례와 비교하면 중국은 부실기업을 정리하고 우수기업을 더욱 지원하는 ‘선택과 집중’ 이라는 전략으로 조선산업 지원정책을 추진하고 있다. 조선산업에 대한 한·중·일의 위기 극복 노력은 모두 정부주도로 추진되어왔으며, 조선산업의 특징을 고려하여 볼 때 정부의 지원은 산업의 국가경쟁력을 강화하는 데에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 중국은 조선산업의 구조조정 지원정책을 통해 동종기업 간 경쟁관계를 형성하고 전․후방 산업간 연계된 지원전략을 통한 산업의 활성화를 유도하였다. 이는 조선산업의 질적 선진화와 지속가능한 산업구조 구축으로 이어져 외부 위기에 강한 경쟁력을 갖출 수 있는 산업 으로 발전할 수 있게 할 것이다. This paper has used literature research method to study China shipbuilding industry’s n ational competitiveness change. Based on Porter’s Diamond Model, it has analyzed key fac tors pertaining to China shipbuilding industry such as factor conditions, demand condition s, related and supporting industries and firm strategy, structure and rivalry. Also it has a nalyzed China government’s supportive strategies and policies’ characteristics on shipbuildi ng. China is carrying forward a ‘choose and concentrate’ strategy to support excellent shi pbuilders and reject insolvent ones. Government’s support played an important role in ship building’s national competitiveness. By proclaiming government’s supportive policy on ship building industry adjustment, China can induce not only competitive relations among rival companies, but also vitalizations among front and rear industries. This will lead to shipbuilding industry’s advance in quality and build a sustainable industrial structure.

동화를 사용한 총체적 언어접근이 청각장애 아동의 언어능력과 이야기 구조화 능력에 미치는 영향

박선화(Sun-Hwa Park),김문정(Mun-Jung Kim),석동일(Dong-Il Seok) 한국음성학회 2008 음성과학 Vol.15 No.3

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whole language approach on the development of language abilities and story structure concepts for hearing impaired children. For this end, two research questions have been established. First, what is the effect of whole language program using story books on hearing impaired children’s language abilities? Second, what is the effect of whole language program using story books on hearing impaired children’s story structure concept? Three subjects participated in the study. Each subject was scheduled for a 40-minute session two times a week. Subjects received 36 sessions of use animation activities for 3 months. The study used a multiple baseline across the subjects. The followings were the findings of this study. First, the whole language program using story books improved hearing impaired children's language abilities. Second, the whole language program using story books improved hearing impaired children’s story structure concept.

해외직접투자는 ‘삶의 질’ 향상에 기여하는가? - 중국의 對ASEAN 직접투자 분석을 중심으로 -

박선화 ( Sun Hwa Park ),남현정 ( Hyun Jung Nam ),임석준 ( Suk Jun Lim ) KNU기업경영연구소 2020 기업경영리뷰 Vol.11 No.1

This study examines whether China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) to ASEAN nations contribute to the quality of life, and whether the level of corruption plays a moderating role in this relationship. We utilized the fixed effects regression with 170 country-year panel data obtained from 10 ASEAN countries and China from 2001 to 2017. The outward FDI of China had a positive impact on the life quality of ASEAN. Also, the moderating effect of corruption on the relationship between trade and FDI was found. It implies that corruption decreases not only life quality of ASEAN member countries but also has a negative effect on FDI. We suggest that improving corruption contributes to these countries’economic welfare.

아프리카와 영국 사이에서의 레싱의 이산: 『집으로』와 『아프리카의 웃음』

박선화 ( Sun Hwa Park ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2015 현대영미소설 Vol.22 No.2

This essay explores the complex voices of colonialism, anti-colonialism and post-colonialism of the narrative in Doris Lessing’s Going Home and The African Laughter. The narrator who is referred to as Doris is positioned as a privileged outsider because she affiliates herself to England and at the same time she has grown up in South Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). This creates tension between Lessing’s narrator who gives voice to black Zimbabweans and the western female protagonist as the authoritative subject in describing her travelogue to her ‘home’ in 1956 and to Zimbabwe in 1982, 1988, 1991, and 1992. Contrary to conservative travel writing, the narrator deconstructs the consistency, stability and chronological order of the western traveller’s exploration of Africa by using various voices and para-textual materials. Refusing the commanding and controlling perspectives and focusing on the tough realities of colonial and post-colonial life, the narrator displays inequalities that prevail throughout African culture. But her main aim seems to visit her parents’ farm, from which she is separated due to her position as the Prohibited Immigrant. She attempts to travel to the home five times, even though she knows the farm does not exist anymore. This reveals her desire to feel the blessing and privilege of the Empire in the very place that the African society is declining. By portraying the corrupted black Africans and the home that falls into ruin by the African nationalism, her travelogue shows that the narrator reproduces the very colonial ideologies that she simultaneously criticizes. So, this essay purports that these colonial and post-colonial experiences cast Lessing a perpetual outsider and a marginal writer, which thereby could influence all of her works.

당뇨병 흰쥐 망막에서 부챗살아교세포의 Glutamate 운반물질과 Glutamine합성효소의 변화

박선화(Sun-Hwa Park),박준원(Jun-Won Park),정진웅(Jin-Woong Chung),천명훈(Myung-Hoon Chun),오수자(Su-Ja Oh) 대한해부학회 2002 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.35 No.4

Diabetic hyperglycemia induces transient ischemia in the neural retina. High level of extracellular glutamate resulting from ischemia, in turn, influences on glutamate homeostasis. The present study has been conducted to clarify the alteration of the glutamate homeostasis-associated substances in the retinal Müller cells in response to a diabetic injury by streptozotocin injection. Young adult Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight in 0.05 M sodium citrate buffer, pH 5.5) under anesthesia with 4% chloral hydrate. Animals above 300 mg/dl in blood glucose level were cared for 1, 4, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. At each time-point, the retinas were dissected out and processed for immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analyses by using guinea pig anti-GLAST and mouse anti-glutamine synthetase (GS) antibodies. In the normal retina, GLAST and GS were immuno-localized in the Müller cells, the outer plexiform layer (OPL), the border between the inner nuclear layer and the inner plexiform layer (IPL), a band in the middle of the IPL, and the border between the IPL and the ganglion cell layer. The expression of both proteins was decreased remarkably in the OPL by 12 weeks of diabetes and increased slightly in the end feet of the Müller cells from 4 weeks onwards. Immunoblotting results of the two proteins in the diabetic retinas were largely consistent with those of immunohistochemistry. These results suggest that the alteration of glutamate homeostasis in the diabetic state is initiated mainly in the OPL by decreasing the uptake of glutamate via down-regulated GLAST. 당뇨병에 의한 고지혈증은 신경망막에 일시적인 허혈을 초래하며, 허혈에 의한 세포밖 glutamate 농도의 상승은 계속해 서 glutamate 항상성에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 부챗살아교세포에 존재하는 glutamate 항상성 관련물질이 당뇨병 상해에 대하여 또한 당뇨병 경과시기에 따라 어떤 반응을 나타내는가를 확인하기 위하여, 흰쥐를 실험동물로 하여streptozotoci을 정맥 내 주사한 후 1주, 4주, 12주 및 24주 경과한 당뇨병 망막을 대상으로 glutamate운반물질(GLAST) 및 glutamine합성효소 (GS)에 대한 항체를 이용한 면역세포화학법 및 immunoblot법을 시행하여 이 물질들의 변화를 비교 관찰하였다. 정상 망막에서 GLAST 및 GS 면역반응성은 부챗살아교세포의 세포체와 부챗살돌기, 바깥얼기층 및 속얼기층 중에서 속핵층과 속얼기층의 경계부위, 속핵층의 가운데 및 속얼기층과 신경절세포층의 경계부위 등 세 곳의 띠에서 나타났다. 장기간의 당뇨병 망막에서 망막의 두께가 감소하였고, 두 단백질은 당뇨병 유발 후 12주 망막의 바깥얼기층에서 현저하게 감소하였으며, 부챗살아교세포의 종말발에서 당뇨병 유발 4주 후부터 약간 증가하는 추세를 나타냈다. 정량적인 분석 결과 두 단백질은 당뇨병 유발 후 경과시기에 따라 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 당뇨병 상태에서 망막내 glutamate 항상성의 변화는 바깥얼기층에서 GLAST의 발현 저하로 glutamate의 흡수(또는 제거)가 감소하면서 시작되며, 장기간의 당뇨병 망막에서 층의 두께 변화가 있는 점으로 보아 GLAST 및 GS의 발현 저하가 일부 흥분성 세포독성에 기여하는 것으로 생각된다.

장소와 무장소: 「19호실로」와 『어둠이 오기 전의 여름』에서의 방의 서사

박선화 ( Sun Hwa Park ) 한국현대영미소설학회 2012 현대영미소설 Vol.19 No.1

This paper examines Doris Lessing`s "To Room Nineteen" (1963) and The Summer Before the Dark (1973) in light of Edward Relph`s theory of place and placelessness (or non-place). In Place and Placelessness Relph as a humanistic geographer emphasizes the correlation between a room and an individual`s identity; with insideness of the room, the individual can develop confidence in life, while with its outsideness he or she is vulnerable to isolation, loss, and despair. The term ``placelessness`` which was coined by Relph is used to explain not only that the room has no meaning to the dwellers, but also that the dwellers do not have any feelings of affection towards it. So, whether they have an intimate or meaningful relationship with the room plays a vital role in their experience. The stories of Susan Rowlings and Kate Brown who are both from middle class families near London in the 1960s show that they are closely related to their own room, which is desperately sought as a means of avoiding or overcoming the repression and unfair treatment of the family. It is taken for granted that they are useless or "unreasonable" after they have used all their energy in raising their children, and that their husbands have affairs after the wives` long-term faithfulness and devotion. Every family member forgets they, despite their intelligence, had to sacrifice their successful careers after marriage, which makes Susan and Kate depressed and thereby search for their own room. However, in the end they choose a totally different life from one another; one kills herself in Room 19 of a hotel, and the other decides to return home and continue her life after traveling room to room. Susan has no feeling about the room and feels enclosed, threatened, unsafe and stressed rather than safe and at ease. She is separated or alienated from the room, family, children and husband (outsideness). Kate, conversely, immerses herself deeply in each room where she stays and has experiences as a manager, a lover and a godmother, which makes her feel comfortable in the rooms (insideness). Therefore, it is shown that life can be changeable according to the individual`s approach towards their room. The individual has to try and be open-minded towards the room, and understand and embrace it and then, above all, focus on human intentions, experiences and actions related to the room in everyday life. This suggests the more profound an individual`s feelings are when inside the room, the stronger they will identify with that room.

자서전적 글쓰기와 과거의 재구성: 도리스 레싱의 『어느 생존자의 회고록』

박선화 ( Park Sun Hwa ) 대한영어영문학회 2012 영어영문학연구 Vol.38 No.4

Doris Lessing’s The Memoirs of a Survivor (1974) has raised controversy related to the genre of the book. It has been argued whether this book is an autobiography, a fantasy, or science fiction. The book is set in the future during a world crisis, when an anonymous narrator lives in an abandoned house in a city. Here, despite the setting and events, this paper reads this book as Lessing’s autobiography. It is obvious that Emily’s childhood is a re-creation of Lessing’s own childhood with one thing and another. As the destructive aspect of parent-daughter relationships is a recurring theme in Lessing’s autobiographical and fictional texts, The Memoirs of a Survivor seems to be another confession of Lessing, who seeks for reconciliation and harmony towards her father. As Lessing puts it in Walking in the Shade, there has lingered “a hiatus, a lack, a blur and it was to do with my parents” (16) and the implied author in The Memoirs of a Survivor tries to fill “a hiatus, a lack, a blur” with an opening in the wall. Therefore, this paper shows that in journeying into her most painful childhood memories, Lessing attempts to recover her lost and unsaid past, providing the power of the narrative for the implied author. (Konkuk University)

중국의 노사관계 변화가 대(對)중국 외국인직접투자 유입에 미치는 영향

박선화 ( Park Sun Hwa ) 국민대학교 중국지식네트워크 2017 중국지식네트워크 Vol.10 No.-

본 연구는 노동시장의 경직화와 노동임금의 상승에도 불구하고 중국으로 유입되는 외국인직접투자금액이 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 것에 주목하고서, 그 원인을 노사관계 안정화에서 파악하고 있다. 노사관계 안정화가 투자환경을 개선시켜 중국으로 유입되는 외국인직접투자를 촉진한다고 볼 수 있는 것이다. 때문에 중국의 외국인직접투자를 유입하는 요인에 대해 규명하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 규제완화가 반드시 외국인직접투자 유치의 선행조건이 아니다. 노동규제에도 불구하고 외국인직접투자 유입이 증가하는 중국의 사례는 ‘규제완화와 투자유치’라는 관점에 많은 시사점을 준다. 중국은 낮은 노동임금을 통해 외국인 직접투자를 유인하는 것이 아닌 노사관계 안정화를 통한 기업활동 보장으로 투자를 유인하고 있다. 낮은 임금을 목적으로 진출하는 외국기업은 자본의 규모가 작거나 기술력이 낮은 기업들이다. 개혁개방 초기 중국으로 진출한 외자기업들이 이러한 경향을 보이지만 최근 중국으로 진출한 외자기업은 중국의 내수시장을 목적으로 큰 자본규모와 높은 기술력을 가지고 있다. 자본이 크고 높은 기술력을 가진 기업은 현지화에 노력하고 노사 간 협력과 안정화를 추구한다. 이에 중국의 경우 현지화를 추구하는 기업과 노사관계 안정화를 위한 정부의 정책변화는 투자유치에 긍정적인 역할을 하였다고 할 수 있다. This study demonstrates stabilized cooperation in labor-employer relations: focusing on steadily growing foreign direct investment in China despite stiffening of labor market and increasing labor wages. The improvement of stabilizing industrial relations by building a cooperative relationship between labor and management could promote foreign direct investment. Thus the main purpose of this study is examining the factors of attracting foreign direct investment. Deregulation is not always invited pre-requisite to foreign direct investment. In spite of deregulation in the labor market, a classic example of increasing foreign direct investment implicates ‘Deregulation and Investment’. China is not attracting foreign direct investment through low labor wages, but it is attracting investment by guaranteeing corporate activities through labor-management stabilization. It is shown that foreign companies for the purpose of low income are small capital scales or low technological skills. In early period of reformation and the Opening of China, foreign capital firms show these tendencies. However the recent foreign capital enterprises have large capital scales and high technological skills to market share in China. A company that has large capital scales and high technological skills reaches cooperation in labor-employer relations and stabilization. Therefore in case of China, the companies in pursuit of localization play positive role to changing China’s labor policy.