http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
SUMO and cellular adaptive mechanisms
류홍열,안성훈,Hochstrasser Mark 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
The ubiquitin family member SUMO is a covalent regulator of proteins that functions in response to various stresses, and defects in SUMO-protein conjugation or deconjugation have been implicated in multiple diseases. The loss of the Ulp2 SUMO protease, which reverses SUMO-protein modifications, in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae is severely detrimental to cell fitness and has emerged as a useful model for studying how cells adapt to SUMO system dysfunction. Both short-term and long-term adaptive mechanisms are triggered depending on the length of time cells spend without this SUMO chain-cleaving enzyme. Such short-term adaptations include a highly specific multichromosome aneuploidy and large changes in ribosomal gene transcription. While aneuploid ulp2Δ cells survive, they suffer severe defects in growth and stress resistance. Over many generations, euploidy is restored, transcriptional programs are adjusted, and specific genetic changes that compensate for the loss of the SUMO protease are observed. These long-term adapted cells grow at normal rates with no detectable defects in stress resistance. In this review, we examine the connections between SUMO and cellular adaptive mechanisms more broadly
金勇熙,柳泓烈 東亞大學校 大學院 1983 大學院論文集 Vol.7 No.-
This study is concerned with structural analysis and the optimum design of the reinforced concrete culvert using the ultimate strength design, and having multi-constraints and multi-design variables. The variables adopted in this mathematical model consist of design variable including sectional sizes and steel areas. The cost function is taken as the objective function in the formulation of optimal problem. A number of constraint equation involving flexual stress, trust stress, steel ratio, deflection, side limit is derived in accordance with ACI Code reguicement on the base of ultimate strength design theory. Both objective function and constraint eguation derived into terms of design variable generally become high degree nonlinear programming problems. SLP is introduced as an analytical method of nonlinear optimization problem in this study. Optimal algorithm that can optimize a structure synthetically carrying on both analysis and design of a structure. Form this research it is found that the algorithm developed in this study is applicable to optimization of reinforced concrete box culvert and converges to optimal solution with 3 to 4 iteration regardless of initial variables. The result shows that optimal design can be possible an economical design.