만성신부전 환자에서 발생된 가역적 후백질 뇌병증 증후군

김장균 ( Jang Kyun Kim ),이승헌 ( Seung Hun Lee ),서유미 ( Yu Mi Seo ),허민 ( Min Heo ),장시진 ( See Jin Jang ),임민경 ( Min Kyung Lim ),김연성 ( Yeon Sung Kim ),이세민 ( Se Min Lee ),윤재호 ( Jae Ho Yoon ),임혜원 ( Hye Won Lim ) 대한신장학회 2005 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.24 No.1

녹조 구멍갈파래 ( Ulva pertusa Kjellman ) 의 생장 및 색소조성에 미치는 무기 영양염류 및 중금속의 영향

김장균(Jang Kyun Kim),한태준(Tae Jun Han) 한국환경생물학회 1999 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Differential growth of Ulva pertusa Kjellman was observed in response to different photon irradiances and seawater. Growth rate of U. pertusa cultivated in the seawater collected from the East Sea was significantly higher than that in the seawater collected from the Yellow Sea. Optimal growth was found at 100 μmolm^-2s^-1 in both cases. Chlorophyll contents of U. pertusa grown in the east sea water were higher than that cultivated in the west sea water at irradiances lower than 60μmolm^-2s^-1. At irradiances higher than 100μmolm^-2s^-1, there was no difference in chlorophyll content in between the two different seawaters with tendency that pigmentation decreased with increasing photon irradiances. Nitrate concentration in the west sea water was 2-fold higher than that in the east sea water, while phosphorus concentrations(0.03 ppm) were similar. Concentrations of Cu^2+ and Pb^2+ were 0.004 and 0.003ppm respectively which are far below environmental standard concentrations(0.02 ppm for Cu^2+ and 0.1ppm for Pb^2+). Taking those data into account, we have done laboratory investigations into the effects of inorganic nutrients and heavy metals on U. pertusa. As nitrate concentration increased from 0.5 to 5ppm, growth rate of U. pertusa increased, but different concentrations of phosphorus did not cause any differential effect. On the other hand, chlorophyll contents increased with increasing phosphorus concentrations. Copper of U. pertusa be toxic decreased the growth and pigmentation as the concentration increased, whereas lead showed no such effect. Concentrations of Cu^2+ employed in the present study were much higher than those in ambient seawater, Intermittent soaring of Cu^2+ level as observed in natural seawater could, however, seriously damage the growth behaviour of U. pertusa. [Ulva pertusa Kjellman, Inorganic nutrients, Heavy Metals].

오카다익산 군 독소: 독성, 분석법 및 관리 동향

이경아,김남현,김장균,김연정,이정석,한영석,Kyoungah Lee,Namhyun Kim,Jang Kyun Kim,Youn-Jung Kim,Jung Suk Lee,Young-Seok Han 한국식품위생안전성학회 2023 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.38 No.6

Okadaic acid (OA) 군 독소는 설사성 패류중독(diarrhetic shellfish poison, DSP)을 유발하는 해양생물독소이다. 설사성패독은 오카다익산(OA)과 그 유사체인 디노피시스톡신(DTX)으로 구성되어 있으며, 주로 와편모조류에서 생성되어 이매패류의 체내에 축적되어 독화된다. 이에 EFSA, WHO에서는 안전관리를 위하여 수산물 내 OA군 독소 함량 기준을 설정하였다. 최근 우리나라 연안에서도 원인조류인 Dinophysis sp.의 출현이 보고된 바 있으며, 국내 수산물 생산과 소비에도 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한 국제적인 움직임에 발맞추어 국내에서도 2022년 설사성 패독 기준 관리 대상 물질에 DTX2를 추가하여 관리하고 있다. 본 연구는 OA군 독소의 이화학적 특성, 분석법, 인체 노출 사례와 국내외 관리 현황 등의 자료를 검토하여 OA군 독소의 체계적인 모니터링과 안전관리의 기반을 마련하고자 수행되었다. Okadaic acid (OA) group toxins, including OA and its analogs, such as dinophysis toxins (DTXs), have been reported to cause diarrheal shellfish poisoning (DSP). These toxins are primarily produced by dinoflagellates and are accumulated in bivalves. Recently, the presence of Dinophysis sp., a causative alga of DSP, has been reported along the coasts of Korea, posing a potential risk of contamination to domestic seafood and exerting an impact on both the production and consumption of marine products. Accordingly, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have established standards for the permissible levels of OA group toxins in marine products for safety management. Additionally, in line with international initiatives, the domestic inclusion and regulation of DTX2 among the substances falling under the purview of management outlined by the 2022 diarrheal shellfish toxin standard have been implemented. In this study, we reviewed the physicochemical properties of OA group toxins, their various exposure routes (such as acute toxicity, genotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity), and the relative toxicity factors associated with these toxins. We also performed a comparative assessment of the methods employed for toxin analysis across different countries. Furthermore, we aimed to conduct a broad review of human exposure cases and assess the international guideline for risk management of OA group toxins.

녹조 구멍갈파래 ( Ulva pertusa Kjellman ) 의 발아에 미치는 무기영양염류 및 중금속의 영향

한태준(Tae Jun Han),김장균(Jang Kyun Kim) 한국환경생물학회 2001 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.19 No.1

N/A Growth optima and tolerance ranges of marine algae species may very greatly during the developmental stage. The establishment stage is clearly of great importance for each generation, affecting the performance of the adult population. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of inorganic nutrients and heavy metals on germination and germlings of Ulva pertusa Kjellman(Chlorophyta). Rercent germination increased rapidly as irradiance level increased, reaching the maximum at 100μ㏖ m^-2s^-1 in both east and west seawater. Percent germination in the east seawater was higher than that in the west seawater at irradiances lower than 30 μ㏖ m^-2s^-1, and there was no difference in percent germination between the two different seawaters at irradiances higher than 60 μ㏖ m^-2s^-1. Germling growth increased in the both cases with increasing irradiances but no growth was found in the dark. Overall germling area was larger in the east seawater than in the west seawater. Number of cell incerased with increasing irradiance and became light-saturated at 100 μ㏖ m^-2s^-1 in the both cases. Germlings grown in the east seawater had more cells than those cultivated in the west seawater at irradiances lower than 60 μ㏖ m^-2s^-1. IN various combinations of nitrate and phosphate, percent germination increased with increasing nitrate concentrations irrespective of phosphate concentrations. At 3 days after inoculation, nitrate concentration of 2.5 ppm with all phosphate concentrations promoted germination. Area and number of cell of germlings increased with increasing nitrate concentrations in all phosphate concentrations. In various combinations of cooper and lead, germination was delayed as copper concentrations increased in all lead concentrations. Percent germination was severely reduced at 1 ppm Cu^2+. Area and number of cell of germlings decreased with increasing copper concentrations in all lead concentrations. The highest copper concentration(1 ppm) clearly suppressed the germling growth in U. pertusa.

소아 만성 부비동염에서 단순촬영상과 OMU CT상의 비교

이병돈,박상호,김장묵,이승균,장혁순,강주원,김장욱 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.1

Most commonly and widely used diagnostic tool for chronic paranasal sinusitis in children is plain X-ray check not only because of small radiation dose and easy performance, but because of low cost. However ostiomeatal unit computed tomography(OMU CT) was known to be more accurate and recommended recently by many physicians. The author have studied for both OMU CT and plain X-ray of paranasal sinuses and compaird their findings in 90 chidren(180 sides of sinus) aged from 4 to 14 years who suspected having sinusitis. OMU CT was taken after plain X-ray examination (Caldwell's view, water's view, lateral view), and the time interval betweeen these two examination was O to 14 days (average 4.7 days). The following results were obtained. Considering that OMU CT was accurate, the rate of correspondence in diagnosis of sinus pathology between plain X-ray and OMU CT was 48.3% in the ethmoid sinus, 51.1% in the maxillary sinus, 41.9% in the sphenoid sinus, 43.4% in the frontal sinus. If all OMU CT findings had been accurate, the incidence of false positives according to plain X-ray was 25.5% in the ethmoid sinus, 28.3% in the maxillary sinus, 70.8% in the spenoid sinus and 77.8% in the frontal sinus. While, the incidence of false negatives according to plain X-ray was 85.9% in the ethmoid sinus, 70.5% in the maxillary sinus, 50.0% in sphenoid sinus and 37.5% in the frontal sinus. A routine preoperative OMU CT is recommended, which allows a detailed evaluation of pathologic changes and anatomical relations of the paranasal sinuses before surgical interventiaon for the paranasal sinuses. Considering the above facts, diagnosis of pediatric sinusitis only by plain X-ray was inadequate and OMU CT was necessary.