Glass dosimeter와 PCXMC Program을 이용한 소아피폭선량 측정 및 분석

김영은,이정화,홍선숙,이관섭,Kim, Young-Eun,Lee, Jeong-Hwa,Hong, Sun-Suk,Lee, Kwan-Seob 대한디지털의료영상학회 2012 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.14 No.2

Exposed dose of young child should be managed necessarily. Young child is more sensitive than adult of a Radioactivity, especially, and lives longer than adult. Must reduce exposed dose which follows The ALARA(As Low As Reasonably Achievable)rule is recommended by ICRP(International Commission on Radiological Protection)within diagnostic useful range. Therefore, We have to prepare Pediatric DRL(Diagnostic Reference Level) in Korea as soon as possible. Consequently, in this study, wish to estimate organ dose and effective dose using PCXMC Program(a PC-Based Monte Carlo Program), and measure ESD(Entrance surface dose)and organ dose using Glass dosimeter, and then compare with DRL which follows EC(European Commission)and NRPB(National Radiological Protection Board). Using glass dosimeter and PCXMC programs conforming to the International Committee for Radioactivity Prevention(ICRP)-103 tissue weighting factor based on the item before the organs contained in the Chest, Skull, Pelvis, Abdomen in the organ doses and effective dose and dose measurements were evaluated convenience. In a straightforward way to RANDO phantom inserted glass dosimeter(GD352M)by using the hospital pediatric protocol, and in a indirect way was PCXMC the program through a virtual simulation of organ doses and effective dose were calculated. The ESD in Chest PA is 0.076mGy which is slightly higher than the DRL of NRPB(UK) is 0.07mGy, and is lower than the DRL of EC(Europe) which is 0.1mGy. The ESD in Chest Lateral is 0.130mGy which is lower than the DRL of EC(Europe) is 0.2mGy. The ESD in Skull PA is 0.423mGy which is 40 percent lower than the DRL of NRPB(UK) is 1.1mGy and is 28 percent lower than the DRL of EC(Europe) is 1.5mGy. The ESD in Skull Lateral is 0.478mGy which is half than the DRL of NRPB(UK) is 0.8mGy, is 40 percent lower than the DRL of EC(Europe) is 1mGy. The ESD in Pelvis AP is 0.293mGy which is half than the DRL of NRPB(UK) is 0.60mGy, is 30 percent lower than the DRL of EC(Europe)is 0.9mGy. Finally, the ESD in Abdomen AP is 0.223mGy which is half than the DRL of NRPB(UK) is 0.5mGy, and is 20 percent lower than the DRL of EC is 1.0mGy. The six kind of diagnostic radiological examination is generally lower than the DRL of NRPB(UK)and EC(Europe) except for Chest PA. Shouldn't overlook the age, body, other factors. Radiological technician must realize organ dose, effective dose, ESD when examining young child in hospital. That's why young child is more sensitive than adult of a Radioactivity.

동물 경조직 단백성분의 조성과 생리기능에 관한 연구 녹각의 경단백질에 대하여

김영은,이승기,윤웅찬 ( Young Eun Kim,Seung Ki Lee,Ung Chan Yoon ) 생화학분자생물학회 1973 BMB Reports Vol.6 No.1

With an attempt to elucidate the biologically functioning groups of deer horn, we obtained, in this investigation, a protein fraction after extraction of the pulverized deer horn with 5M-urea followed by decalcification with acetic acid. The amino acid composition of deer horn extracted came up to 16 kinds. And analysis of the protein extracted with 5M-urea gave values, as per cent, glycine, 24.51 % ; proline, 11.09% ; glutamic acid, 10.26%, which come up to 46. 86% of the; total amino acids initially present. The existence of glucose and galactose is confirmed with the results of thin-layer chromatography being carried out many times. And the total amounts o_f hexose and hexosamine are accounting for 0.74% and 0.87% for each. The present communication described as above has affirmed the protein from deer horn to be a sort of collagen. However, it can be focused on the significance of the existence of cystine and the absence of valine in deer horn. The contents of inorganic elements detected with emission spectroscophy are listed as following: total inorganic elements are detected to be 13 kinds. And the ash-contents of deer horns are 55.6% (w/w). The quantitative analysis for the ash shows that it contains 36.79 of Ca and 1.42% of Mg against ash contents by weight per weight.

기혈양허로 변증한 파킨슨병 환자 증례 보고

김영은,김일화,이재화,이성근,이기상,Kim, Young-Eun,Kim, Il-Wha,Lee, Jae-Hwa,Lee, Seoung-Geun,Lee, Key-Sang 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. It is characterized by tremor when muscles are at rest, increased muscle tone, slowness of voluntary movements, and difficulty maintaining balance. In oriental medicine, these symptoms are diagnosed as yin(陰)-deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of qi(氣) and blood, retention of phlegm(痰), qi-stagnation and blood stasis. In this case, we diagnosed patients as deficiency of qi(氣) and blood type according to symptoms and treated by herbs that strengthen yang and benefiting yin for two weeks, while maintaining existing parkinson's western medication. After treatment, clinical symptoms were improved, while UPDRS (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale) score was decreased. These cases suggest that oriental medicine therapy maybe effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

녹용의 약효성분에 관한 연구 ( 2 ) 녹용의 Acid Mucopolysaccharide 성분에 관하여

김영은,이승기,유희자 ( Young Eun Kim,Seung Ki Lee,Hee Ja Yoo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1976 BMB Reports Vol.9 No.3

A fresh antler from Cervus nippon taiouanus was cut and frozen. The constituents were divided into water soluble and lipid soluble fractions for elucidation of the chemical composition and structure of the antler. For the water soluble fraction of the antler we reported the data in this Journal(Kim et a1.1975). The data of qualitative and quantitative analysis of neutral sugar, hexosamine, uronic acid, hydroxyproline, ash, ester sulfate, sialic acid and total nitrogen were reported. In the present paper, acid mucopolysaccharides were isolated from antler velvet layer, antler spongybone layer and whale nasal cartilage by the extraction procedure of Mathews and Kubota. Acid mucopolysaccharides were extracted by digestion with pepsin, papain followed by hydrolysis with alkaline solution. The yield of acid mucopolysaccharides from antler velvet layer was approximately 0.16% to the defatted dried weight of antler velvet layer. Fractionation was performed by ECTEOLA-cellulose column chromatography, developing with 0.05∼2.5M NaCl and HCl (equimolarly mixed) as given by Ringertz et al. The elution profile was divided into five fractions, namely Fr. I(0.05M-Cl`), Fr. II (0.05M-Cl`), Fr. III (0.1M-Cl`), Fr. IV (0.2M-Cl`) and Fr. V (0.5M-Cl`) from antler velvet layer, and four fractions, Fr. I`(0.5M-Cl`), Fr. II` (0.7M-Cl`), Fr. III` (1.1M-Cl`) and Fr. IV` (2.5M-Cl`) from whale nasal cartilage. The nature of each fraction was examined by celllulose acetate membrane electrophoresis and infrared spectroscopy. Fraction I of antler velvet layer (eluted with 0.05 M-Cl`) showed identical electrophoretic mobility and absorbance pattern for infrared spectroscopy to hyaluronic acid standard. Fr. V from antler velvet layer and Fr. I` from whale nasal cartilage (eluted with 0.5M-Cl`) showed the same electrophoretic mobility and gave identical spectra to chondroitin sulfate A standard.

홍차 흑효모 발효물의 항산화, 항주름 및 미백효과

김영은,여민아,한정희,이정민,정석균,정현아,김선화,이지언,Kim, Young Eun,Yeo, Min-A,Han, Jeung Hi,Lee, Jung Min,Jung, Suk Kyun,Jeong, Hyeon Ah,Kim, Seon Hwa,Lee, Ji Ean 대한화장품학회 2017 대한화장품학회지 Vol.43 No.3

본 연구에서는 홍차 흑효모 발효물의 기능성화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 규명하고자 항산화, 미백, 항주름 효능을 확인하였다. 홍차 흑효모 발효물의 결과는 홍차 추출물, 흑효모 발효물과 비교하여 나타내었다. 항산화능 평가 결과 홍차 흑효모 발효물은 흑효모 발효물보다 뛰어난 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 나타냈으며 홍차 추출물과는 유사한 결과를 나타냈다. 과산화수소로 유도된 세포 내 활성산소종 실험에서도 홍차 흑효모 발효물은 유의적 제거 활성을 보였다. 또한 홍차 흑효모 발효물은 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 보이며 Melan-a, B16F10 세포를 이용한 멜라닌 형성이 억제됨을 확인하였다. 항주름 효능 확인을 위해 콜라겐 분해 효소(MMP-1)를 측정한 결과 홍차 흑효모 발효물이 홍차 추출물, 흑효모 발효물보다 높은 항주름 활성을 보였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 홍차 흑효모 발효물은 항산화능 효능을 보이며 미백, 항주름 효능을 보아 기능성 화장품 소재로 개발될 수 있음을 확인하였다. In this study, anti-oxidant, whitening and anti-aging effects were investigated the possibility of fermented black tea yeast as a functional cosmetic material. The results of Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) ferment of black tea (AFBT) were compared with black tea (BT) and A. pullulans ferment (AF). The antioxidant activity of the AFBT product showed DPPH radical scavenging ability higher than that of AF. In the intracellular ROS experiments induced by hydrogen peroxide, the AFBT showed significant decreased activity. In addition, AFBT showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity and inhibited the formation of melanin using Melan-a and B16F10 cells. Through suppression of MMP-1 expression, the AFBT showed higher anti-wrinkle activity than BT and AF. From the results of this study, it was confirmed that AFBT showed antioxidant activity and was developed as a functional cosmetic material based on whitening and anti-wrinkle efficacies.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구(IV) 녹용 벨?殼?의 프로스타그란딘의 검출

김영은,이승기,이명희,Kim, Young-Eun,Lee, Seung-Ki,Lee, Myoung-Hee 생화학분자생물학회 1977 한국생화학회지 Vol.10 No.1

녹용의 지용성 성분에 관한 생화학적 연구의 일환으로 대만산 꽃사슴(cervus nippou taiouanus)의 녹용을 절단한 후 동결하여 벨?殼?과 해면상 골조직으로 분리하였다. 벨?殼?을 절편으로 만든 후 0.9% saline 용액중에서 Virtis homogenizer로 파쇄하여 Jouvenaz 의 방법에 따라 prostaglandin을 추출하였다. Anderson, Samuelsson 등의 방법에 준하여 thin layer chromatography를 행하여 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$ 및 $PGE_{1{\beta}}$로 추정되는 물질을 검출하였으며 preparative T.L.C. 를 행하여 분리한 후 Samuelsson의 방법에 따라 U.V. spectroscopy를 행하여 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$으로 추정되는 분획에서는 알카리 처리 후에 278nm에서 U.V. 흡수를 나타냈으며 한편 $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $ PGE_{1{\beta}}$로 추정되는 분획에서는 알칼리 처리 전후에 U.V. 흡수가 없었으므로 T.L.C의 결과와 U.V. spectroscopy의 결과는 상호간에 일치됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 Fishbein 등의 방법에 의한 gas-liquid chromatography를 행하여 $PGE_2$ standard peak와 일치하는 peak를 얻어 $PGE_2$의 존재를 확인하였으며 retention time이 $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$ 및 $PGE_{1{\beta}}$와 일치되는 peak를 얻어 세방법에서 공히 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $PGE_{1{\beta}}$의 존재를 검출하였다. The fresh antler was cut, frozen and mechanically separated into spongy bone layer and velvet layer. The prostaglandin-like components were extracted from antler velvet layer and qualitatively analyzed by three different methods: thin layer chromatography, ultra-violet spectroscopy after conversion to PGB series by alkaline treatment, and gas liquid chromatography. The prostaglandins detected were $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $PGE_{1{\beta}}$. The experiments indicated that the petroleum ether fraction contained mostly PGE series and that the ethylether fraction contained PGF series. One major prostaglandin-like components of antler velvet layer was found to be the main compound in the petroleum ether extract. The structure of this compound is still unknown but the gas liquid chromatography data suggest that it is a hydroxy fatty acid.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구 ( 3 ) 녹용 및 Pantocrin 의 지방산 조성에 관하여

김영은,이승기,이명희,신승언 ( Young Eun Kim,Seung Ki Lee,Myoung Hee Lee,Seung Uon Shin ) 생화학분자생물학회 1976 BMB Reports Vol.9 No.4

The lipid soluble fraction of antler velvet layer (Cervus nippon taiouanus) was extracted and compared to that of pantocrin (ethanol preparation of antler, commericially available). The lipid soluble components(801.5㎎ from antler velvet layer and 979.1㎎/150㎖ from pantocrin) were fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, phosphclipids, gangliosides, and nonlipid components (lipoprotein and peptide) on Sephadex G-25 column followed by silicic acid column chromatography. The percentage composition of the lipid soluble fraction was neutral lipid 65.3%, glycolipid 5.2%, phospholipid 12.9%, ganglioside 6.1 %, nolipid 2.9 %. The neutral lipids were fractionated into squalene, sterolester, triglyceride, free fatty acid, sterol, diglyceride, monoglyceride on boric acid impregnated silicic acid column. The fractions collected were determined by thin layer chromatography. The compositions of the free fatty acid fractions were determined by gas liquid chromatography. The sterolester, triglyceride fractions were hydrolyzed to give free fatty acids with 10% KOH solution, refluxed at 80-85℃ for four hours, and carried out gas liquid chromatography. The free fatty acids in antler velvet layer were found to be nine kinds of saturated fatty acids, nine kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, two branched fatty acids and six unknown components. The main components of antler free fatty sacid were oleic (21.7%), linolenic(31.2%), palmitic(19.6%), stearic(12.1%), palmitoleic(10.2%), and those make 94.4% of antler free fatty acids. In pantocrin free fatty acid fraction, seven kinds of saturated fatty acids, four kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and three unknown compopents were detected. The main components of pantocrin free fatty, acid fraction wereoleic(45%), palmitic(19.5%), lauric(10.9%), stearic(6.6%), palmitoleic(5.6%), myristic(3.4%), capric(3.1%), and those make 94.1% of pantocrin free tfatty acids. The ester fatty acids of triglyceride fraction were found as follows: In antler triglyceride faction, nine kinds of saturated fatty acids, three kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, three branched fatty acids and ten unknown components were detected. In pantocrin triglyceride fraction, it was found to contain five kinds of saturated fatty acids, two kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and ten unknown components. after saponification of triglyceride fraction, two new fatty acids (pentadecylic, oleic) in antler neutral lipid and two new fatty acids (lauric, dodecenoic) in pantocrin neutral lipid were detected. In sterol ester fraction, there were six saturated fatty acids, three unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and eight unknown components in antler neutral lipid, and five saturated fatty acid, three unsaturated fatty acids and five unknown components in pantocrin neutral lipid. After saponification of sterol ester fractions, new fatty acids were determined as dodecenoic, lauric, anteiso-pentadecylic, isopalmitic, heptadecanoic in antler sterol ester fraction and dodecenoic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, heptadecenoic in pantccrin sterol ester fraction.

인공고관절의 설계인자들이 해리현상에 미치는 영향에 대한 해석

김영은,정정화,Kim, Young-Eun,Chung, Chung-Hwa 대한의용생체공학회 1993 의공학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The human's biomechanical structure keeps an optimal state by adapting the original biomechanical structure according to a change in the physical environment. This phenomenon is believed to be the main cause of loosening of the total hip replacement which is used widely in these days. In this study the bone density change due to artificial hip joint, which is generally believed as bone-remodeling, was investigated by the finite element method. For this, 2-D FEM models with 4 nodal point elements were constructed for intact and implanted cases. The density was calculated by comparing the relative amounts of effective stress for these two cases. In this way, calculated new density values were used in the next step as input values and this procedure repeated until convergence was obtained. Severe density change was detected at the femoral cortex of the proximal-medial side as expected. Moreover, following surprising result was found from this analysis. Titanium alloy prosthesis showed less density change compared to stainless steel prosthesis at earlier stage, however, almost same amount of the density change was detected at final stage. It was also found that other design parameters could not significantly affect its density change.

단어 단위 접근법을 이용한 음운장애 아동과 정상 아동의 음운 분석

김영은,최성일,박상희,Kim, Young-Eun,Choi, Sung-Il,Park, Sang-Hee 한국음성학회 2006 음성과학 Vol.13 No.4

Recently, many researchers have been interested in children with phonological disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine those children in comparison with normal children and to find better assessment criteria of the whole-word approach. Three children with phonological disorders and three normal children of 5 to 7 years old participated in the picture description tasks. Results of this study were as follows: there was a significant difference in the whole-word assessment between normal and phonological disorder children. Such criteria as whole-word correctness, whole-word complexity, whole-word intelligibility proved to be good for diagnosing children's phonological disorders. Further studies would be desirable to apply the approach to more children of various age groups.

알레르기 비염의 한의 진료 현황 설문조사

김영은,정의민,이동효,Kim, Young-Eun,Jeong, Ui-Min,Lee, Dong-Hyo 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2017 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment trend for allergic rhinitis in Korean Medicine. Methods : We conducted an online survey for Korean Medicine Doctors who were registered in the association of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire was consisted of patient characteristics, diagnosis status, treatment status, and future research needs. Results : Data from total of 396 respondents were analyzed. More than 70% of the patient came to the Korean Medicine Clinic after visiting the Western Medicine Clinic in 43.9% of the respondents. 55.6% of the respondents performed combination therapy. History taking, nasal examination, x-ray, and Korean Medicine diagnostic test were used for diagnosis. The mean duration of treatment ranged from $4.9{\pm}2.91$ to $15.2{\pm}8.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $17.5{\pm}16.15$ to $5.3{\pm}3.85$ weeks for adolescents and adult patients. The mean number of treatment times was from $9.8{\pm}7.00$ to $33.5{\pm}24.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $10.8{\pm}11.55$ to $40.4{\pm}48.18$ times for adolescents and adult patients. 64.5%, 48.0%, and 91.2% of the respondents used herbal medication in national health insurance coverage, herbal medication uninsured in health insurance and herbal prescription filled at each medical institution, respectively for pediatric and early childhood patients and 67.6%, 42.8% and 86.1% for adolescents and adult patients. 36.9% and 36.4% of respondents answered that the study of acupuncture and herbal medicine are needed preferentially. Conclusions : The results of this survey will be used to develop clinical practice guideline that reflect actual clinical practice.