단어 단위 접근법을 이용한 음운장애 아동과 정상 아동의 음운 분석

김영은,최성일,박상희,Kim, Young-Eun,Choi, Sung-Il,Park, Sang-Hee 한국음성학회 2006 음성과학 Vol.13 No.4

Recently, many researchers have been interested in children with phonological disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine those children in comparison with normal children and to find better assessment criteria of the whole-word approach. Three children with phonological disorders and three normal children of 5 to 7 years old participated in the picture description tasks. Results of this study were as follows: there was a significant difference in the whole-word assessment between normal and phonological disorder children. Such criteria as whole-word correctness, whole-word complexity, whole-word intelligibility proved to be good for diagnosing children's phonological disorders. Further studies would be desirable to apply the approach to more children of various age groups.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구(IV) 녹용 벨?殼?의 프로스타그란딘의 검출

김영은,이승기,이명희,Kim, Young-Eun,Lee, Seung-Ki,Lee, Myoung-Hee 생화학분자생물학회 1977 한국생화학회지 Vol.10 No.1

녹용의 지용성 성분에 관한 생화학적 연구의 일환으로 대만산 꽃사슴(cervus nippou taiouanus)의 녹용을 절단한 후 동결하여 벨?殼?과 해면상 골조직으로 분리하였다. 벨?殼?을 절편으로 만든 후 0.9% saline 용액중에서 Virtis homogenizer로 파쇄하여 Jouvenaz 의 방법에 따라 prostaglandin을 추출하였다. Anderson, Samuelsson 등의 방법에 준하여 thin layer chromatography를 행하여 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$ 및 $PGE_{1{\beta}}$로 추정되는 물질을 검출하였으며 preparative T.L.C. 를 행하여 분리한 후 Samuelsson의 방법에 따라 U.V. spectroscopy를 행하여 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$으로 추정되는 분획에서는 알카리 처리 후에 278nm에서 U.V. 흡수를 나타냈으며 한편 $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $ PGE_{1{\beta}}$로 추정되는 분획에서는 알칼리 처리 전후에 U.V. 흡수가 없었으므로 T.L.C의 결과와 U.V. spectroscopy의 결과는 상호간에 일치됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 Fishbein 등의 방법에 의한 gas-liquid chromatography를 행하여 $PGE_2$ standard peak와 일치하는 peak를 얻어 $PGE_2$의 존재를 확인하였으며 retention time이 $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$ 및 $PGE_{1{\beta}}$와 일치되는 peak를 얻어 세방법에서 공히 $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $PGE_{1{\beta}}$의 존재를 검출하였다. The fresh antler was cut, frozen and mechanically separated into spongy bone layer and velvet layer. The prostaglandin-like components were extracted from antler velvet layer and qualitatively analyzed by three different methods: thin layer chromatography, ultra-violet spectroscopy after conversion to PGB series by alkaline treatment, and gas liquid chromatography. The prostaglandins detected were $PGE_2$, 15-epi-$PGE_1$, $PGE_{1{\alpha}}$, $PGE_{1{\beta}}$. The experiments indicated that the petroleum ether fraction contained mostly PGE series and that the ethylether fraction contained PGF series. One major prostaglandin-like components of antler velvet layer was found to be the main compound in the petroleum ether extract. The structure of this compound is still unknown but the gas liquid chromatography data suggest that it is a hydroxy fatty acid.

기혈양허로 변증한 파킨슨병 환자 증례 보고

김영은,김일화,이재화,이성근,이기상,Kim, Young-Eun,Kim, Il-Wha,Lee, Jae-Hwa,Lee, Seoung-Geun,Lee, Key-Sang 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Parkinson's disease is a slowly progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. It is characterized by tremor when muscles are at rest, increased muscle tone, slowness of voluntary movements, and difficulty maintaining balance. In oriental medicine, these symptoms are diagnosed as yin(陰)-deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of qi(氣) and blood, retention of phlegm(痰), qi-stagnation and blood stasis. In this case, we diagnosed patients as deficiency of qi(氣) and blood type according to symptoms and treated by herbs that strengthen yang and benefiting yin for two weeks, while maintaining existing parkinson's western medication. After treatment, clinical symptoms were improved, while UPDRS (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale) score was decreased. These cases suggest that oriental medicine therapy maybe effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

대학생의 데이트 폭력 관련 전문적 도움추구 태도 영향 요인

김영은,윤미선,이현정,Kim, Youngeun,Yoon, Mi-Sun,Lee, Hyun-Jung 중소기업융합학회 2021 융합정보논문지 Vol.11 No.10

본 연구는 최근 데이트폭력의 심각성이 부각되고 있는 추세에 부합하여 대학생의 데이트폭력 인식을 포함한 다양한 영향 요인과 전문적 도움추구 태도와의 관계를 통합적으로 탐색하고 그 상대적 설명력의 크기를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 충청권 소재 1개 대학교의 508명의 대학생이 자기보고식 질문지에 응답하였고 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0을 사용하여 상관관계 및 회귀분석을 하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 심리적 불편감 노출 및 상담에 대한 유용성기대는 전문적 도움추구 태도와 정적 상관관계를 보였고, 연인 간의 비합리적 폭력인식과 지각된 사회적지지, 상담에 대한 위험기대, 및 도움 요청 장애 요인은 전문적 도움추구 태도와 부적 관계로 나타났다. 위 변인들의 총 설명량은 46.1% 으로 상담에 대한 유용성기대가 가장 큰 설명력을 지니고 위험기대와 도움요청 장애요인이 그 다음으로 큰 설명력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 데이트폭력 연구 주제의 확장 및 대학생의 전문적 도움 서비스 활용 활성화를 위한 방향성 제시를 했다는 의의를 지닌다. The purpose of this study was to explore relations between college students' dating violence perception and professional help-seeking attitudes and other factors that affect professional help-seeking attitude and their effect size. 508 students from a college in Chungcheong region responed to self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed by Partial correlation coefficients and regression analysis using the SPSS 22.0 program. As a resullt, self-disclosure and anticipated utility on self-disclosure had positively effect on professional help-seeking attitudes. In contrast, violence perception, perceived social support, risk on self-disclosure and barriers to seeking help had negative effect on professional help-seeking attitudes. The total effect size was 46.1%, and the effect size of anticipated utility on self-disclosure was the largest, followed by risk on self-disclosure and barriers to seeking help. This study contributed to the broading of dating violence research topics and provided the directions to the endavour to increase the use of professional services among college students

알레르기 비염의 한의 진료 현황 설문조사

김영은,정의민,이동효,Kim, Young-Eun,Jeong, Ui-Min,Lee, Dong-Hyo 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2017 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment trend for allergic rhinitis in Korean Medicine. Methods : We conducted an online survey for Korean Medicine Doctors who were registered in the association of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire was consisted of patient characteristics, diagnosis status, treatment status, and future research needs. Results : Data from total of 396 respondents were analyzed. More than 70% of the patient came to the Korean Medicine Clinic after visiting the Western Medicine Clinic in 43.9% of the respondents. 55.6% of the respondents performed combination therapy. History taking, nasal examination, x-ray, and Korean Medicine diagnostic test were used for diagnosis. The mean duration of treatment ranged from $4.9{\pm}2.91$ to $15.2{\pm}8.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $17.5{\pm}16.15$ to $5.3{\pm}3.85$ weeks for adolescents and adult patients. The mean number of treatment times was from $9.8{\pm}7.00$ to $33.5{\pm}24.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $10.8{\pm}11.55$ to $40.4{\pm}48.18$ times for adolescents and adult patients. 64.5%, 48.0%, and 91.2% of the respondents used herbal medication in national health insurance coverage, herbal medication uninsured in health insurance and herbal prescription filled at each medical institution, respectively for pediatric and early childhood patients and 67.6%, 42.8% and 86.1% for adolescents and adult patients. 36.9% and 36.4% of respondents answered that the study of acupuncture and herbal medicine are needed preferentially. Conclusions : The results of this survey will be used to develop clinical practice guideline that reflect actual clinical practice.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구 ( 1 ) 녹용 , 녹각 , 고래 코 연골 , 상어 척수 연골의 화학조성에 관하여

김영은,이승기,윤웅찬,김정숙 ( Young Eun Kim,Seung Ki Lee,Ung Chan Yoon,Jung Sook Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 1975 BMB Reports Vol.8 No.2

In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the differences between the chemical components of antler (Corpus Cervi Parvum) and old antler (Cornus Cervi) . Antler was cut from Cervus nippon taiouanus (3 years and 8 months old) and directly fronzen to storage in solid carbon dioxide. The antler was separated into velvet layer ancf spongy bone layer and cut into small pieces. After dehydration and removal of lipids from the antler with acetone, chloroform-methanol (1 : 1) solvent system, qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out to compare their chemical components in tissue level with those of old antler spongybone layer, shark backbone cartilage and whale nasal cartilage. Quantitative analyses of hexose, pentose, hexosamine, uronic acid, sialic acid, ester-sulfate, hydroxyproline, total nitrogen and inorganic contents were carried out respectively for antler velvet layer, antler spongybone layer, old antler spongybone layer, shark backbone cartilage and whale nasal cartilage. And their relative amounts of the chemical components to the corresponding dry weight of samples were listed in Table XII. The neutral sugar compositions of samples were identified by gas-liquid chromatography. Antler velvet layer, old antler spongybone layer and whale nasal cartilage contained same kinds of neutral sugars, such as glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, deoxyribose, ribose, arabinose and xylose. But antler spongybone layer and shark backbone cartilage did not show any sign of existence of fucose though they contained the same kinds of neutral sugars as the above. The gas liquid chromatography of aminosugars was also carried out. The results said that all five animal tissues contained both glucosamine and galactosamine. From the results of analytical data, the presence of mucopolysaccharides in antler and old antler was revealed. And the contents of hydroxyproline and total nitrogen of samples suggested that the antler-protein was mainly composed of collagen. The relative amounts of hydroxyproline to corresponding dry weight of samples showed that antler velvet layer exhibited the highest amounts (9.09%) and shark backbone cartilage (3.50%) exhibited the lowest amounts of hydroxyproline. The mucopolysaccharide of whale nasal cartilage was known mainly as chondroitin sulfate A and that of shark backbone cartilage mainly as chondroitin sulfate C. A further study on the mucopolysaccharide-protein complex of antler and of old antler is being carried out and will be presented in the next report.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구 ( 3 ) 녹용 및 Pantocrin 의 지방산 조성에 관하여

김영은,이승기,이명희,신승언 ( Young Eun Kim,Seung Ki Lee,Myoung Hee Lee,Seung Uon Shin ) 생화학분자생물학회 1976 BMB Reports Vol.9 No.4

The lipid soluble fraction of antler velvet layer (Cervus nippon taiouanus) was extracted and compared to that of pantocrin (ethanol preparation of antler, commericially available). The lipid soluble components(801.5㎎ from antler velvet layer and 979.1㎎/150㎖ from pantocrin) were fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids, phosphclipids, gangliosides, and nonlipid components (lipoprotein and peptide) on Sephadex G-25 column followed by silicic acid column chromatography. The percentage composition of the lipid soluble fraction was neutral lipid 65.3%, glycolipid 5.2%, phospholipid 12.9%, ganglioside 6.1 %, nolipid 2.9 %. The neutral lipids were fractionated into squalene, sterolester, triglyceride, free fatty acid, sterol, diglyceride, monoglyceride on boric acid impregnated silicic acid column. The fractions collected were determined by thin layer chromatography. The compositions of the free fatty acid fractions were determined by gas liquid chromatography. The sterolester, triglyceride fractions were hydrolyzed to give free fatty acids with 10% KOH solution, refluxed at 80-85℃ for four hours, and carried out gas liquid chromatography. The free fatty acids in antler velvet layer were found to be nine kinds of saturated fatty acids, nine kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, two branched fatty acids and six unknown components. The main components of antler free fatty sacid were oleic (21.7%), linolenic(31.2%), palmitic(19.6%), stearic(12.1%), palmitoleic(10.2%), and those make 94.4% of antler free fatty acids. In pantocrin free fatty acid fraction, seven kinds of saturated fatty acids, four kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and three unknown compopents were detected. The main components of pantocrin free fatty, acid fraction wereoleic(45%), palmitic(19.5%), lauric(10.9%), stearic(6.6%), palmitoleic(5.6%), myristic(3.4%), capric(3.1%), and those make 94.1% of pantocrin free tfatty acids. The ester fatty acids of triglyceride fraction were found as follows: In antler triglyceride faction, nine kinds of saturated fatty acids, three kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, three branched fatty acids and ten unknown components were detected. In pantocrin triglyceride fraction, it was found to contain five kinds of saturated fatty acids, two kinds of unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and ten unknown components. after saponification of triglyceride fraction, two new fatty acids (pentadecylic, oleic) in antler neutral lipid and two new fatty acids (lauric, dodecenoic) in pantocrin neutral lipid were detected. In sterol ester fraction, there were six saturated fatty acids, three unsaturated fatty acids, one branched fatty acid and eight unknown components in antler neutral lipid, and five saturated fatty acid, three unsaturated fatty acids and five unknown components in pantocrin neutral lipid. After saponification of sterol ester fractions, new fatty acids were determined as dodecenoic, lauric, anteiso-pentadecylic, isopalmitic, heptadecanoic in antler sterol ester fraction and dodecenoic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, heptadecenoic in pantccrin sterol ester fraction.

RF 마그네트론 스퍼터 방법에 의한 다결정 NiO 박막의 비저항 변화

김영은,노영수,박동희,최지원,채근화,김태환,최원국,Kim, Youmg-Eun,No, Young-Soo,Park, Dong-Hee,Choi, Ji-Won,Chae, Keun-Hwa,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Choi, Won-Kook 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.6

NiO 산화물 타겟을 이용한 RF 마그네트론 스퍼터 방법으로 유리 기판 위에 NiO 박막을 Ar 가스만을 사용하여 증착하였으며, 증착 온도에 따라 NiO 박막 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. XRD 측정으로부터 증착된 박막의 결정구조는 $200^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 (111) 면의 우선 배향성으로 보이다가 $350^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 (220) 면의 우선 배향성을 가지는 다결정 입방구조임을 확인하였다. NiO 박막의 전기적 특성의 변화는 기판의 온도가 $200^{\circ}C$까지는 $10^5\;{\Omega}cm$의 부도체에 가까운 높은 비저항을 보였고 기판의 온도가 $300^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 $10^{-1}{\sim}10^{-2}{\Omega}cm$의 도체의 특성을 보이는 낮은 비저항으로 감소하는 Mott-Insulator Transition(MIT) 현상을 관측하였다. NiO 박막 내의 증착 온도 변화에 따른 ${\sim}10^7$ 정도의 큰 비저항 변화를 결정성, 결정립의 변화 및 밴드 갭의 변화 등으로 설명하였다. Polycrystalline NiO thin films were deposited on glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering using only Ar as a plasma sputter gas. based on the analysis of x-ray diffraction (XRD), NiO films had a polycrystalline cubic (NaCl type) structure. NiO thin films grown below and above $200^{\circ}C$ showed preferred orientation of (111) and (220) respectively. It showed colossal change in electrical resistivity as much a ${\sim}10^7$ order form an insulating state of $105\;{\Omega}cm$ below $200^{\circ}C$ to a conducting state of $10^{-2}{\sim}10^{-1}\;{\Omega}cm$ above $300^{\circ}C$ such a Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT) in polycrystalline.

녹용의 약효 성분에 관한 연구(V) 녹용 및 판토크린의 당지질과 인지질의 조성에 관하여

김영은,임동구,신승언,Kim, Young-Eun,Lim, Dong-Koo,Shin, Seung-Uon 생화학분자생물학회 1977 한국생화학회지 Vol.10 No.3

녹용의 지용성 성분에 관한 생화학적 연구의 일환으로 대만산 꽃사슴(Cervus nippon taiouans)의 녹용을 직접 절단하여 동결시킨 후, 벨?殼?(velvet layer)과 해면상 골조직층(spongybone layer)을 분리하였다. 조직을 Virtis homogenizer로 분쇄한 후 $CHCl_3$ : $CH_3OH$ (1 : 2) 및 (2 : 1) 비율의 혼합 용매로 지용성 성분을 추출하고, Rouser 법에 따라서 Sephadex G-25 column chromatography를 행하여 총지질로부터 ganglioside 및 nonlipid를 분리하고 이어서 Rouser의 방법에 준하여 silicic acid column chromatography를 행하여 총지질을 중성지질, 당지질, 인지질로 분리하였다. 대조시험으로, 녹용의 수성에탄올 제제인 Pantocrin을 질소 기류하에서 감압 건조한후, 상기와 동일한 방법으로 지질 성분을 분획하였다. 지용성 성분의 건조 중량에 대한 각 분획의 백분율은 녹용의 경우 neutrallipid 65.30%, glycolipid 5.22%, phospholipid 12.86%, ganglioside 6.12%, nonlipid(proteolipid & peptide) 10.51%의 비율로 합류되어 있었으며, Pantocrin은 neutral lipid 41.7%, glycolipid 0.62%, phospholipid 5.39%, ganglioside 49.32%, nonlipid(proteolipid & peptide) 2.93%의 함량이었다. 녹용의 glycolipid는 DEAE Sephadex A-25 column chromatography를 행하여 glycolipid의 전체양에 대하여 cerebroside 63.5%, sulfatide 36.5%를 얻었으며 각각을 표준품과 비교하여 T.L.C.를 행하여 7종의 spots를 얻었으며 그중 2종은 cerebroside로 3종은 sulfatide로 확인되었으나 2종은 미지물질로 확인되지 않았다. Pantocrin에서는 1종의 cerebroside를 확인하였다. 녹용과 Pantocrin에 존재하는 ganglioside는 Sephadex G-25 column chromatography법보다는 용매 분획법에 의해 얻은 시료에서 T.L.C.법으로 확인하였다, 또 녹용에서 얻은 phospholipid로는 phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin, phosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine 및 lysophosphatidyl choline등으로 동정되었으며, Pantocrin에서는 phosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin을 검출하였다. The lipid soluble fraction of Antler velvet layer (cervus nippon taiouanous) was extracted and compared to that of pantocrin (ethanol preparation of Antler, commercially available). Lipid soluble components (801mg/24.5g from Antler velvet ayer and 979.1mg/143ml from pantocrin) were fractionated by gel filteration using a sephadex CT-25 into neutral lipids, sulfatides, cerebrosides, phospholipids and non-lipid components (lipoprotein and peptide). A silicic acid and a DEAE-sephadex A-25 column chromatography were followed from refractionation and purification. Each fraction was identified by thin layer chromatography using standard materials. Typical lipid soluble fraction of Antler contained 65.3% neutral lipid, 5.2% glycolipid, 12.9% phospholipid, 6.1% ganglioside and 2.9% non-lipid components. The glycolipid was composed of 63.5% cerebroside and 36.5% sulfatide. The cerebroside fraction of the Antler velvet layer showed four spots while pantocrin gave only one spot on a thin layer chromatogram. Among the four spots of Antler cerebroside two had almost same migration with standard but two had quite different mobility compared to the standard. The latter fractions were hydrolyzed by 0.025M methanolic HCl in order to desulfate. The two unknown materials were identified as sulfatides by the method of IR spectroscopy and thin layer chromatography. By two dimensional thin layer chroma tography, it was found that phospholipid of the Antler velvet layer were composed of phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, lysophospahtidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid. On the other hand pantocrin Ccontained phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin as phospholipids.

인공고관절의 설계인자들이 해리현상에 미치는 영향에 대한 해석

김영은,정정화,Kim, Young-Eun,Chung, Chung-Hwa 대한의용생체공학회 1993 의공학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The human's biomechanical structure keeps an optimal state by adapting the original biomechanical structure according to a change in the physical environment. This phenomenon is believed to be the main cause of loosening of the total hip replacement which is used widely in these days. In this study the bone density change due to artificial hip joint, which is generally believed as bone-remodeling, was investigated by the finite element method. For this, 2-D FEM models with 4 nodal point elements were constructed for intact and implanted cases. The density was calculated by comparing the relative amounts of effective stress for these two cases. In this way, calculated new density values were used in the next step as input values and this procedure repeated until convergence was obtained. Severe density change was detected at the femoral cortex of the proximal-medial side as expected. Moreover, following surprising result was found from this analysis. Titanium alloy prosthesis showed less density change compared to stainless steel prosthesis at earlier stage, however, almost same amount of the density change was detected at final stage. It was also found that other design parameters could not significantly affect its density change.