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중학교 영어교과서 듣기활동과 전국영어듣기평가 문항 비교분석
김동연(Dong-Youn Kim) 한국중원언어학회 2020 언어학연구 Vol.0 No.54
The purpose of this study is to analyze listening activities in five different textbooks of Middle School English 3 and the National English Listening Comprehension Tests (NELCTs). In order to accomplish these research purposes, the listening activities and the NELCTs were compared in the light of 1) four achievement criteria (understanding of the main idea, detailed information, and the flow, and task performance) and 2) 19 communicative materials presented in listening area of the 2009 Revised National Curriculum of English. The result showed that the frequency of achievement criteria between them was similar and the criteria of understanding detailed information and understanding the main idea appeared most frequently. The communicative materials related to the daily life were appeared in a similar frequency. The findings of this study indicate that English teachers should provide students with supplementary materials to reduce the gap between the listening activities in the five different textbooks and the NELCTs by making efforts to ensure that the teaching-learning activities and the evaluation are carried out consistently.
내측 사선 광근에 대한 EMG Biofeedback 훈련과 테이핑 적용이 슬개골 부정렬 환자의 기능향상에 미치는 효과
김동연 ( Dong-youn Kim ),김수현 ( Su-hyon Kim ),임영은 ( Young-eun Lim ),이동걸 ( Dong-geol Lee ),김태열 ( Tae-youl Kim ) 대한물리치료학회 2008 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.20 No.3
Purpose: We investigated the effect of isometric resistance exercise on the vastus medialis oblique muscle with inelastic tape and EMG biofeedback training applied to the patello-femoral joints of patients with patella malalignment. Methods: The 39 elderly subjects that had patella malalignment but no neuromuscular disorders were divided into a control group, taping group, and EMG biofeedback training group. Evaluations of function improvement performed before and after the treatment, as well as 4 weeks after treatment. Results: Change in pain in the knee joint were significantly different among groups (p<0.05). Maximum voluntary isometric contractility in the quadriceps muscle was significantly in the EMG biofeedback group (p<0.001). The WOMAC (Western Ontairo & McMaster Questionnaire) index showed a significant change (p<0.05) in pain, function, and total score. Taping and EMG biofeedback training showed a lasting effect until measurement 4 weeks after treatment. SF-36 (Medical outcome short form-36), which assesses the quality of life, did not significantly change. Conclusion: In osteoarthritis patients with a loss of patello-femoral joint function, isometric resistance exercise of the vastus medialis oblique muscle with taping seems effective.
견관절경 수술시 초음파를 이용한 팔신경얼기차단에서 저용량의 Levobupivacaine의 통증조절 효과
김장재 ( Jang Jae Kim ),김치효 ( Chi Hyo Kim ),김윤진 ( Youn Jin Kim ),김동연 ( Dong Yeon Kim ),한종인 ( Jong In Han ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.3
Background: Ultrasound guided-interscalene brachial plexus block (US-ISBPB) becomes more popular and has higher success rate. The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effectiveness of US-ISBPB with low dose levobupivacaine for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Methods: The thirty patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomly assigned to two groups: Group B0.5, and Group B0.25 received ultrasound-guided ISBPB using same volume 10 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine and 0.25% levobupivacaine, respectively. General anesthesia was standardized. All patients received continuous intra-articular infusion of a local anesthetic. Remifentanil consumption during operation, verbal numerical rating scales (VNRS) after operation were assessed. The need for rescue analgesics in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), sleep quality, and complications were documented. Results: There were no significant differences in VNRS at 20 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, 8 h, 24 h after surgery, remifentanil consumption during operation, the number of patients required rescue analgesics in the PACU, sleep quality, and complication up to 24 h after surgery. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block with levobupivacaine, 10 ml of 0.5% and 0.25%, provides effective analgesia after arthroscopic shoulder surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:302∼7)
벌꿀의 조성(組成)과 저장중(貯藏中)의 Diastase 및 Hydroxymethylfurfural함량변화(含量變化)
한제경,김관,김동연,이상규,Han, Jae-Gyeong,Kim, Kwan,Kim, Dong-Youn,Lee, Sang-Kyu 한국식품과학회 1985 한국식품과학회지 Vol.17 No.3
양봉밀과 토종봉밀의 일반성분, 당, 유리아미노산 조성, 저장중의 diastase활성도 및 HMF 변화는 다음과 같다. 일반 성분 중 조회분은 밤꿀이 0.46%로 다른 벌꿀에 비하여 많았고, 조단백질은 양봉밀이 평균 0.10%로서 토종봉밀에 비하여 약 3.2배가 많았다. 무기물은 밤꿀에 있어서 Ca이 2.07mg%, P이 6.81mg%, Fe이 2.70mg%로 가장 많았다. 저장 중 diastase활성도 변화에 있어서 $4^{\circ}C$ 또는 $20^{\circ}C$저장 온도에서의 단기간 저장으로는 그의 활성도가 거의 감소되지 않았으며, $70^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 가열처리로 효소의 활성도가 감소되었으나 이를 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장 하였을 때는 그렇지 않은 것과 거의 동일 하였다. 양봉밀의 평균 당조성은 fructose 40.20%, glucose 32.43%, sucrose 1.09%, fructose/glucose 비는 1.24였다. 또한 토종봉밀은 fructose 37.37%, gluctse 31.92%, sucrose 0.74%였으며 fructose/glucose비는 1.19였다. 유리아미노산의 조성은 총 16종을 확인하였는데 그 중 proline함량이 가장 많아 그 함량은 총 유리아미노산의 39.59-46.86%를 차지하는 14.02-14.40mg%였다. 그러고 밤꿀에서 Phe 이 3.28mg%로 9.26%를 차지하였으며 광양산의 토종봉밀에서 Asp가 2.76mg%로 8.98%를 차지하였다. 저장 중 HMF 함량변화는 $4^{\circ}C$ 저장에 서는 거의 없었으나, $20^{\circ}C$, 80일간의 저장에서 밤꿀이 0.470mg%, 아카시아꿀이 0.336mg%, 유채꿀이 0.164mg%, 토종봉밀인 광양산이 0.426mg%, 광주산이 0.259mg%, 운봉산이 0.117mg%로 증가되었다. 또한 $50^{\circ}C$에서 3주간 저장으로 유채꿀이 8.71mg%, 아카시아꿀이 7.79mg%, 밤꿀이 5.35mg%증가되었다. The sugers and free amino acids of honey(Western and Domestic honey) and the changes of diastase activity during storage at various temperatures and HMF were studied. The average content of sugers in the western honey was 40.20% of fructose, 32.43% of glucose and 1.0% of sucrose. The average ratio of fructose to glucose was 1.24. In the case of the domestic honey, average content of sugers was 37.37% of fructose, 31.92% of glucose and 0.74% of sucrose and the average ratio of fructose to glucose was 1.19. Of the 16 amino acids detected, proline was the most predominant free amino acid in all of the honey studied, representing 39.59 to 46.86% of total free amino acids. Diastase activity of honey during the storage at $50^{\circ}C$ was rapidly decreased, but it was notably changed during storage at low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) and room temperature ($20^{\circ}C$). The accumlated content of HMF were 0.12 to 0.47mg% during storage at 80 days at $20^{\circ}C$ and 5.35 to 8.71mg% after 3 weeks storage at $50^{\circ}C$.
은종방,이정석,김동연 ( Jong Bang Eun,Chong Seok Lee,Dong Youn Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.66 No.1
In order to compare the variation of Korean native Yea plants, the botanical specimens of the two introduced varieties and the wild varieties collected from 49 places were made. The leaf and flower types from them were investigated. 1) About 78% of the wild tea `plants were existed in hamboo thicket or in forest, and 95% were grown in the southward inclined place. 2) The wild tea plants were distributed in the region from 34°27` north to 35°43` north of latitude, but most of them were grown in the region of 35 degree north of latitude. 3) The leaf types of wild tea plants were elliptical and oblong, but onr oval type of leaf was found in the Mando¨ksa, Kangjin. 4) The Leaf sizes of wild tea plants were 14.74 0.57 × 5.72 ± 0.24㎝ in the large leaf and 12.16 1.57 × 3.53 0.41㎝ in the small leaf. 5) There were two leaf types that one is acuminate, coriaceous, reticulate, dark green, and the other is obtuse, chartaceous, rugose, deep green. 6) There were not much difference between varieties in the flower types, only except the trait of Yongjang. 7) Among the wild tea plants, it was considered that Yongjang-type variety would he a variant or hybrid of bohea-variety (chinese-variety) and Waun-type variety would he a variant or hybrid of macrophylla variety and General-type variety would be a degenerated variant of Waun-type or another hybrid.
김은주(Eun Joo Kim),김현진(Hyun Jin Kim),김동연(Dong Youn Kim) 한국응용약물학회 2002 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.10 No.2
N/A In this study general pharmacological profiles of KI-60606 on the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system and the other organs were investigated. The dosages given were 0, 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg and drugs were administered intravenously. The animals used for this study were mice, rats, cats and guinea pigs. KI-60606 showed no effects on general behavior, motor coordination, spontaneous locomotor activity, hexobarbital-induced hypnosis time, body temperature, analgesic activity, anticonvulsant activity and contraction of nictitating membrane in cats. Furthermore KI-60606 showed no effects on blood pressure, heart rate, LVP (left ventricular peak systolic pressure), LVEDP (left ventricular end diastolic pressure), LVDP (left ventricular developing pressure), DP(double product), CFR(coronary flow rate), smooth muscle contraction using guinea pig ileum and gastric secretion at all dosage tested except the increase of gastrointestinal transport and urinary K+ excretion.