공공문화콘텐츠로서의 산림교육과 자연해설에 대한 해석적 연구: 프리먼 틸든의 ‘해설’ 개념을 중심으로

김기홍 글로벌 문화콘텐츠학회 2024 글로벌문화콘텐츠 Vol.- No.60

본 연구는 산림자원을 활용한 공공문화콘텐츠인 산림교육의 철학적 지향점에 관한 해석적 연구다. ‘숲해설가’, ‘유아숲지도사’, ‘숲길등산지도사’ 등 산림교육전문가를 양성하여 시민과 자연을 매개하는 공공문화콘텐츠 서비스가 시행되고 있다. 이는 미국을 위시한 서구에서 비롯된 국가 주도의 국립공원을 통한 자연보존과 관리 행정의 역사적 맥락 속에서 탄생한 것이다. 숲해설과 같은 한국의 산림교육은 서구에서는 ‘자연해설’에 해당한다. 자연해설과 관련하여 생산된 다양한 문헌들은 한국의 숲해설 관련 정책과 문화에도 큰 영향을 미쳤는데, 본 연구는 특히 그동안 미진했었던 자연해설의 사상적 뿌리나, 그 원류가 되는 보존주의, 칸트의 철학, 낭만주의, 초월주의 등 철학과 사조의 흐름, 자연해설에 미친 직간접적 영향을 파악하였다. 연구는 먼저 유럽과 북유럽, 캐나다 등의 사례를 수집해 자연해설 활동에 접근하였고, 공통의 지향점과 목적이 자연보존임을 확인했다. 이에, 역사적 접근을 통해 서구에서 자연해설 도입기에 영향을 미친 보존주의를 검토하며, 자연해설의 철학적 원류가 자연보존과 영성의 함양이 합일된 사상임을 고찰하였다. 이런 초기 보존주의 정신을 이어가면서도 건설적으로 변혁해 오늘날의 자연해설을 조형한 프리먼 틸든(Freeman Tilden)의 해설 개념을 검토하며, 자연해설을 이해하고자 하였다. 그가 핵심 개념으로 제시한 ‘사물 그 자체(the Thing Itself)’를 노발리스와 린네 등 낭만주의 텍스트를 원용하면서 칸트가 낭만주의에 미친 영향을 중심으로 탐구했고, 가장 중요한 연구과제인 틸든의 ‘해설’ 개념을 숭고미 이론으로 해석하여, 자연해설의 철학적 뿌리를 알아보았다. 이를 통해 자연해설 분야의 본연적 의미가 자연의 숭고미에 대한 개인적 체험과 인식의 획득을 통한 자연과 인간의 합일과 자연에 대한 사랑임을 논증하였다. This study is an interpretive research on the philosophical orientation of forest education, a public cultural content utilizing forest resources. Forest education professionals such as ‘forest interpreters’, ‘early childhood forest guides’, and ‘forest trail and mountain guides’ are trained to provide public cultural content services that mediate between citizens and nature. This practice originated in the historical context of nature preservation and management through state-led national parks, which began in the West, particularly in the United States. Forest education in Korea, such as forest interpretation, is equivalent to ‘nature interpretation’ in the West. The various literatures produced on nature interpretation have had a significant impact on Korean forest education policy, and this study aims to identify the ideological roots of nature interpretation, which have been largely unexplored. The study first approached nature interpretation activities by collecting examples from Europe, Northern Europe, and Canada, confirming that nature preservation is a common goal and purpose. Through a historical approach, the researchers examined the preservationism that influenced the introduction of nature interpretation in the West and realized that the philosophical origin of nature interpretation is the idea of combining nature preservation and spirituality. To understand nature interpretation, we examine Freeman Tilden's concept of interpretation, which continued this early preservationist spirit but constructively transformed it and shaped nature interpretation today. The study explored the core concept of ‘the Thing Itself’ in the context of Romantic texts such as those by Novalis and Carl von Linné, centering on Kant's influence on Romanticism. Most importantly, the researchers interpreted Tilden's concept of ‘interpretation’ as a theory of the sublime to explore the philosophical roots of nature interpretation. Through this study, it is argued that the essential meaning of the field of nature interpretation is the unity of nature and human beings and the love of nature through personal experience and recognition of the sublime in nature.

英語構文 指導의 몇가지 問題點

金起弘 관동대학교 1978 關大論文集 Vol.6 No.1

火傷이 血淸酵素에 活性値에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究

金基洪,白承龍 고려대학교 의과대학 1973 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.10 No.3

In spite of extensive studies on the impairment of hepatic function following burns has discussed on its pathogenesis, no effort were given yet on relationship between extent of burn and hepatic damage. To clarify the above relationship, tile author has performed serum enzyme study of albino rabbits following thermal burn. Experimental study was performed on 4 groups of animal, group 1 as a control, group 2 with 10% burn, group 3 with 20% burn and group 4 with 40% burn. The degree of burn was second degree in each animal. Blood sample for enzyme study was collected after 4 hours, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 days following burn, and serum levels of cholinesterase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (S. G. O. T.), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (S. G. P. T.) and lactic dehydrogenase (L. D. H.) from each experimental animal were determined. The results obtained are as followings: 1. Normal serum enzyme level of adult albino rabbit ranged cholinesterase 9.80±1.83, S. G. O. T. 54.20±8.11, S. G. P. T. 56.90±6.67 and L. D. H. 453.00±38.54. 2. In 10-20% burn group, cholinesterase level was lowest at the 12th day. But S. G. O. T. and S. G. P. T. elevated to the maximum level at the third day which returned to normal range at the 21st and 18th day, respectively. On the other hand, L. D. H. reached maximum level at the 4th hour which returned to normal level during a period of the 6th to 18 th day after burn. 3. In 40% burn group, cholinesterase was lowest at the 12th day and did not returned to normal range by the 24th day. 4. Hepatic damage following burn seemed to occur at early stage and recovery from damage was noted before the 24th day in the group of 10 to 20% burn. However, as the extent of burn approach to 40%, recovery of hepatic damage was more delayed. 5. Serum enzyme levels in fatal burn cases revealed marked diminution in cholinesterase as with marked elevation of S. G. P. T. and L. D. H., suggesting hepatic damage to be one of leading contributing factors in fatality.

火傷이 血淸酵素에 活性値에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究

金基洪 고려대학교 의과대학 1973 고려대학교 의과대학 잡지 Vol.10 No.3

배양중 건선 각질형성세포의 증식과 분화양상

김기홍,신동훈,김현석,최종수,김성용,김미진,성언기 대한피부과학회 1999 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

Background : Psoriasis is a common, scaly erythematous disease of unknown etiology, marked by remissions and exacerbations of unpredictable onset and duration. Among many etiologic factors, psoriatic keratinocyte is found to play the most important role. Objeetive : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that the mechanisms) responsible for the almormal proliferation of psoriatic keratinocytes may be located within the cell themselves. Methods : Human epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from lesion(PL) and from uninvolved skin (PN) with chronic plaque-like psoriasis and from the normal skin(NN). Keratinocytes were passaged onto culture vessels without the feeder layer and maintained with serum free medium. Growth rates were measured in secondary cultures by MTT assay and ultrastructural findings of cell differentiation were evaluated with a transmission electron microscope. Results : 1. Keratinocytes from PL reached 50%m confluency in one week compared to two weeks of PN and NN in primary cultures. 2. By the MTT assay, keratinocyte proliferation from PL showed a significantly faster rate than those from PN and NN(p$lt;0.01). But there was no significant difference of keratinocyte proliferation rate between PN and NN(p$gt;0.05). 3. All of the three cell populations(PL, PN, NN) showed variable degrees of cell differentiation during secondary culturing in a serum-free medium. In the PL, however, small, compact basal cells were more prevalent than PN and NN. 4. When keratinocytes underwent differentiation by culturing in DMEM with senun, keratinocytes from PL formed more cell layers with incomplete formation of cornified envelopes suggests the presence of some unknown factors that induce or promote psoriasis. While keratinacytes from PN and NN were characterized by a complete cornified layer as in normal skin. Conclusion : These results indicated that the characteristic hyperproliferation and the defective terminal differentiation of keratinocytes of PL were maintained throughout the culture period.

「對格十不定詞」構文에 關한 硏究

金起弘 관동대학교 1975 關大論文集 Vol.3 No.1

는 영향웨이트 트레이닝의 중량부하량이 근력, 순발력, 근지구력에 미치

김기홍 단국대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1999 스포츠과학연구논총 Vol.7 No.-

에너지 물질 연소 기반의 Multi Physics Modeling

김기홍,여재익 한국항공우주학회 2007 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Effect of Prothrombin Time Prolongation on Survival Outcome in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Multicenter Observational Study

김기홍,신상도,송경준,노영선,홍기정,최세원 대한응급의학회 2018 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: This study examined the association between the prothrombin time (PT) prolongation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the outcome after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: From the Cardiac Arrest Pursuit Trial with Unique Registration and Epidemiologic Surveillance database, CPR-attempted and adult OHCAs with a cardiac etiology transported to emergency departments (EDs) from January to December 2014 were included. The PT was measured immediately after arrival to the ED during CPR, and PT prolongation was categorized into 3 groups, the normal group (international normalized ratio [INR]<1.1), mild group (1.1≤ INR<1.4), and severe group (1.4≤INR). The primary and secondary outcomes were survival to hospital discharge and a good cerebral performance scale (CPC) of 1 or 2. The potential confounders were adjusted for calculating the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: The survival and good CPC rates were 17.2% and 11.8% in the normal group, 12.2% and 4.5% in the mild group, and 3.6% and 0.6% in the severe group, respectively (p<0.01). The AORs (95% CIs) on survival were 0.72 (0.41 to 1.27) for the mild group and 0.28 (0.11 to 0.69) for the severe group. The AORs (95% CIs) for good CPC were 0.41 (0.19 to 0.91) for the mild group and 0.14 (0.02 to 0.83) for the severe group. Conclusion: The PT prolongation measured at the ED was found to be associated with poor outcomes in adult OHCAs with cardiac etiology.

최근 한국의 FTA 협상에 대한 평가와 향후의 정책방향:협상론적 관점을 중심으로

김기홍 국가안보전략연구원 2009 국가안보와 전략 Vol.9 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to provide a new concept by which FTA can be analyzed, and to suggest some policy directions for the future FTA negotiations. For this purpose, two concepts, internal negotiations and external negotiations, are introduced and, furthermore, two sub-concepts to explain internal negotiations(position and process) are also introduced. Based on these concepts, this paper analyzed the three FTA negotiations, Korea-US, Korea-Japan, and Korea-EU. This paper found that Korea would not pay attention to the concept of internal negotiations. And based on this analysis, this paper suggested the following policy directions:1) A new negotiation mechanism where all interested parties are involved must be set up.; 2) The negative opinion regarding certain FTA should be utilized in the direction of raising Korea’s negotiating power; 3) The negotiation process should be open to the public in appropriate manner; 4)All kinds of media should be in intimate relationship with negotiation team; 5) Occasionally, conversation with people would be imperative for successful negotiation as well as its ratification; 6) Various methods to impact the process of internal negotiations of partner country should be devised. Finally, this paper has suggested to set up new‘ negotiations task force’for accomplishing these policy directions 본고는 현재 한국이 직면하고 있는 한미 FTA, 한일 FTA, 한EU FTA협상을 협상론적인 관점에서 평가하고 향후 한국 FTA 협상 방향을 제시하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이를 위해 FTA 협상구조를 파악하고, 내부협상과 외부 협상의 개념, 그리고‘입장’과‘과정’의 개념에 근거한 분석틀을 마련하였다. 분석결과 한국은 FTA 협상과정에서 내부협상의 개념을 정확히 이해하지 못하고, 또 내부협상을 효율적으로 진행하지 못했던 것으로 평가되었다. 이를 근거로 효율적인 내부협상을 진행하기 위한 방향을 다음과 같이 제시 하였다. 첫째, 협상과 관련된 이해관계자가 협상 과정에 실질적으로 참여할 수 있는 협상 메커니즘을 구축할 필요가 있다. 둘째, FTA에 대한 비판적인 여론을 협상력 제고로 활용할 줄 알아야 한다. 셋째, 협상과정이 적절한 형태로 공개될 필요가 있다. 넷째, 언론과 적절한 협력관계가 유지되어야 한다. 다섯째, 필요할 경우 국민을 설득할 필요가 있다. 내부협상은 기본적으 로 협상에 대해 다양한 국민의견이 존재한다는 것을 전제로 하기 때문이다. 여섯째, 상대국 내부협상에 영향을 미칠 방안을 고려해야 한다.