상지구심성 입력에 의한 요수팽대부 척수세포의 활성화

구자란,이애주,신홍기,김기순,Ku, Ja-Ran,Lee, Ae-Joo,Shin, Hong-Kee,Kim, Kee-Soon 대한생리학회 1989 대한생리학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Extracellular recordings were made from the spinal neurons in the lumbar enlargement of 16 cats before and during electrical stimulation of the radial nerve ipsilaterally and contralaterally. Only neurons activated by remote nerve stimulation (RNS) were included in sample. All the cell classes of spinal neurons which received afferents message from the skin and/or muscles were activated by RNS except LT cells. Approximately three quaters of cells activated by RNS had an inhibitory receptive field (RF) on the ipsilateral hindlimb and two thirds of RNS-activated neurons showed spontaneous activity. The most of these RNS-activated cells seemed to be in deep dorsal horn and in ventral horn as well. Stimulation of contralateral radial nerve produced activation of spinal neurons almost same degree as by ipsilateral nerve stimulation. The optimal stimulation parameters of radial nerve for activation of spinal cells were 5Hz-0.5 msec-2V while threshold stimulus for activation was approximately 0.18 V. Following close intra-arterial injection of $K^+$ ion excitability of RNS-activated neuron was increased in 4 of 8 cells whereas it was decreased in 2 of 8 cells. The results indicate that there are some spinal neurons in the lumbar enlargement of cats that can be activated by forelimb afferent $(A{\beta}\;&\;A{\delta})$ inputs.

이중에너지 방사선 흡수 계측기 ( DEXA ) 의 요추 골밀도 표준화

조진아(Jin A Cho),김상우(Sang Woo Kim),김억(Auk Kim),구자란(Ja Ran Ku),김용태(Yong Tae Kim),임창훈(Chang Hoon Yim),한기옥(Ki Oak Han),정호연(Ho Yeon Chung),한인권(In Kwon Han),민헌기(Hun Ki Min) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.4

Objectives: Bone densitometry is a current method for evaluating skeletal status, assessing osteoporosis, and determining fracture risk. DEXA has rapidly become a dominent method for evaluating skeletal status. But the comparison of patient data among different DEXA scanners is complicated because the instruments show differences in scanner design, bone mineral calibration, and analysis algorithms. The purpose of this study is making standardization of DEXA and comparability among different DEXA system. Methods: Posteroanterior lumbar spine (L2-IA) measurements of healthy 83racially homogenous Korean women, age 38-66 years (mean 516, range of BMD 0.624-1.574g/cm) were obtained on a Lunar DPX-L, a Hologic QDR-2000, and a Norland XR-36. All sujects had no spinal deformities, ostophytes, fracture and scoliosis on thoracolumbar spinal X-ray. We performed the measurement of BMD in each subjects with different three scanners at the same time. Results: The results of cross-calibration spinal BMD (L2-4, g/cm2) in patient study (r2=0.972-0.974): Lunar DPX-L=(1.149×Hologic) +0.008=(1.022×Norland) +0.137, Hologic QDR-2000=(0.847×Lunar)+0.019= (0.876×Norland)+0.124, and Norland XR-36=(0.954×Lunar)-0.107=1.110×Hologic)-0.113. The average absolute difference in patients` spinal BMD values (L2-L4) between Lunar and Hologic was 0.146g/cm2 (14Fo); it was 0.156g/cm2 (15%) between Lunar and Norland and 0.010g/cm2 (1%) between Hologic and Norland. Conclusions: The formula of this cross-calibration shows good correlation. We conclude that it is possible to compare the different spinal BMD values obtained on the different DEXA scanners.

임신과 동반된 대장암

김억(Auk Kim),김용태(Yong Tae Kim),조진아(Jin a Cho),구자란(Ja Ran Ku),허윤(Yoon Hur),서동원(Dong Won Suh),황일순(Il Soon Whang),박기호(Ki Ho Park),김은주(Eun Ju Kim),이성공(Seong Kong Lee) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Colorectal cancer during pregnancy is extremely rare. The diagnosis is frequently delayed because symptoms may be confused with those of normal pregnancy. In 1S35, Cruvethier reported the first case of colorectal carcinoma complicating pregnancy. Since then, about 200 or more cases were reported in western countries, but no case of these has been reported in Korea. We experienced a 29-year-old pregnant woman concomitantly developed an adenocarcinoma of the right colon with intestinal obstruction at 12 weeks of gestation. We performed right hemicolectomy at 14 weeks of gestation and therapeutic abortion at 17 weeks of gestation. We report a case of colon cancer during pregnancy with a review of the diagnosis and management. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:457 - 461)

Trichosanthes Radix의 추출액이 적출 동물 평활근의 장력에 미치는 효과

구자란,신홍기,김기순,김복련 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.1

The extract of Trichsanthes radix (TRE) is a complex of active principles prepared from the root of Trichosanthes Kirlowii, known component of which include saponin, trichsanthin, palmitic acid, lignoleic acid, cerotic acid, montamic acid, melissic acid and polysaccharides etc. The present study was carried out to explore effects of TRE and its fractions (TRE1-5, TRE-3BS, TRE-3-ES $ TRE-3-EP) on the isolated vascular smooth muscle. Norepinephrine-induced contraction of the isolated rabbit aorta were relaxed almost completely by TRE-3 (0.1mg/ml) or TRE-4 (0.5mg/ml), while no significant changes in vascular tension were produced following superfusion of the vascular preparations with TRE-1, TRE-2 or TRE-3 solutions. Subfractions of TRE-3 (TRE-3Bs, TRE-3-Es & TRE-3-Ep) also relaxed norepinephrine-precontracted rabbit and rat aortic rings. In the rat aortic preparations the vascular relaxant effect of TRE-3 and TRE-4 were not affected either by removal of the ensothelium or by methylene blue. High potassium (30 mM)induced contraction was almost completely relaxed by .01mg/ml TRE-3 in the isolated rat aorta, whereas approximately 70% of potassium-induced contraction was relaxed by 0.5mg/ml TRE-3 in the rabbit aortic preparation. In the rat aortic preparations pretreated with raynodine (3×10 M) and caffeine (2×10 M), vascular relaxing effect of TRE3-was markedly abolished. The results suggest that TRE relaxes the isolated rabbit and rat aortas by a mechanism that inhibit Ca release from the intracellular calcium storage sites.

Methionine에 의한 가토 적출 심근세포의 수축력 및 활동전압의 변동

구자란,김진혁,신동호,김기순 한양대학교 의과대학 1991 한양의대 학술지 Vol.11 No.1

Following superfusion with Tyrode solution containing varying amount of L-methionine, changes in the transmembrane potentials were determined in the isolated rabbit papillary muscle cells, and also measured were changes in contractility in the isolated rabbit atrial and papillary muscle preparations. When the papillary muscle was superfused with 30mM methionine, the action potential amplitude (APA) generally decreased as a result of a greater decreament in the resting membrane potential (RMP) than a simultaneous increment of the overshoot potential (OS). The ?? (time to 90% repolarization) of the papillary muscle cell was not changed, but that of slow channel-mediated action potential (SAP) was significantly shortened after superfusion with methionine. At concentrations of 6mM and 30mM, methionine increased contractility of the jpapillary muscle by 14.2±7.1% and 32.7±6.2% respectively. On the other hand, at low concentration (3mM) methionine decteased atrial contractility (-10.0±4.0%) while at high concentration (6mM and 30mM) it increased ocntractility by 18.8±5.1% and 51.3±7.3%, respectively. The methionine-induced positive inotropic response was partially inhibited by 10 μmM verapamil or 10μmM ryanodine whereas the response was completely abolished by 20μmM ryanodine. The results suggest that methionine increases cardiac contractility as a result of an increased release of ?? from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and that at concentration higher than that needed to cause inotropic response methionine can affect the transmembrane potentials of the isolated rabbit papillary muscle cells.

단백상실성 위장증으로 발현된 속발성 위장관 유전분증 1예

구자란,김억,허윤,서동원,박기호,김은주,황일순,강행지,홍성란,김영조 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.3S

저자들은 15년간 류마티스 관절명으로 치료받던 환자에서 단백상실성 위장증을 유발한 속발성 위장관 유전분증 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보가하는 바이다. We report a case of protein-losing gastroenteropathy due to secondary gastrointestinal amyloidosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). A 66-year-old woman with RA for 15 years was admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain and diarrhea. She had taken bilateral total knee replacement 4 years ago and right shoulder synovectomy 1 year ago. She han been treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gold derivatives, or methotrexate. On laboratory examintion, serum total protein was 3.9g/dl and albumin was 1.6g/dl. Stool occult blood was detected but no evidence of infection was present. No urinary peotein including Bence-Jones protein, was detected. Serum and urinary protein electrophoresis were within normal limits. Alpha-l-antitrypsin clearance rate was increased upto 60ml/24hr. Small bowel series revealed thickened mucisal folds and multiple nodular filling defects on the entire small bowel. Histopathologically amyloid deposied, which were proved on immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, were present on the biopsied tissuse from gastric antrum, terminal ileum and rectum. Accordingly we established the diagnosis of proteinlosing gastroenteropathy due to secondary amyloidosis, which is the first case so far descripted in Korea to the best of our knowledge.

Vanadate가 가토 심방근세포, 방실결절세포 및 Purkinje섬유의 활동전압에 미치는 효과

구자란,김기순,김진혁,강석한,박정호 한양대학교 의과대학 1989 한양의대 학술지 Vol.9 No.1

Vanadium, a trace element essential for normal growth of animals was recently found to be a potent inhibitor of Na-K ATPase. Although the cellular activity of vanadate is known to be similar to that of ouabain in some respect, it does not faithfully mimic all of the effect of the cardiac glycosides. It has been known that vanadate influences cardiovascular functions in the anesthetized and conscious animals as well. In the present study, electrophysiological effects of vanadate on the rabbit cardiac cells were investigated. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Following superfusion with vanadate (30-250μM) solution the maximum diastolic potential (MDP) of the rabbit atrial muscle cell decreased significantly while the overshoot potential (OS) was increased only after superfusion with 150 and 250 μM vanadate solution. And also vanadate (30-250 μM) significantly increased the action potential amplitude from 7 minutes to 15-20 minutes after onset of superfusion. 2. The vanadate in all the concentrations decreased the rate of spontaneous firing (RSF) of the atrial muscle cell whereas in 15-30 μM concentration it significantly prolonged the action potential duration (APD??). 3. The action potential amplitude and APD?? of atrioventricular node cells were not altered by vanadate, but RSF decreased remarkably after superfusion of these cells with 100-250 μM vanadate solution. 4. The vanadate (250 μM) decreased MDP and increased APA of the rabbit Purkinje cells. 5. Superfusion of the Purkinje fibers with vanadate solution resulted in a prominent decrease in RSF. On the other hand, APD?? of these fibers was significantly prolonged after superfusion with 150-250 μM vanadate solutions. The results of present study indicate that electrophysiological effects of vanadate on the atrial muscle cell and Purkinje fibers are more prominent than that on the atrioventricular node cells and that effect of vanadate on RSF of the rabbit atrial cells is most pronounced.

장기간 Nicotine 및 Ethanol 을 섭취한 자발성 고혈압 백서의 혈압 및 체중변동

안성기,구자란,강석한,이애주,김기순 한양대학교 의학교실 1988 한양의대 학술지 Vol.8 No.2

Changes in the systolic pressure and body weight were studied in both sexes of spontaneously hypertensive rats treated chronically with nicotine (4.5mg/kg/day) or/and ethanol (2gm/kg/day) for 50 weeks. In the present study a total of 76 SHR at age of 5 weeks were employed and the experimental animals of each sex were further dividedinto the control (8), nicotine-treated (10), ethanol-treated (10) and nicotine plus ethanol-treated (10) groups. The systolic pressures of the male and female control groups were elevated from 120mmHg to 170mmHg in 5 weeks and 11 weeks, respectively and thereafter blood pressure of both groups started to rise gradually again. In both sexes systolic pressures were significantly higher in the nicotine-treated and nicotine plus ethanol-treated groups as compared with the control group. However, no significant difference was recognized between blood pressures of those two experimental groups. On the other hand, the body weight of the nicotine-treated and the nicotine plus ethanol-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the control group but no significant difference was observed between body weight of two experimental groups. As with blood pressure the body weight of SHR was not influenced by ethanol ingestion. The results of present study indicate that nicotine significantly elevates blood pressure of and retards growth of SHR and that ethanol does not appear to affect effects of nicotine on the blood pressure and body weight in hypertensive animals.

고장성용액이 가토 동방결절세포 및 어류 심방근세포의 활동전압에 미치는 효과

손정일,구자란,고상돈,김기순 한양대학교 의과대학 1990 한양의대 학술지 Vol.10 No.2

The effects of hypertonicity on the electrical activities of cardiac cells were studied in the rabbit sinus node cell and gold-fish atrial muscle cell. In the rabbit sinus node cell, increased tonicity up to 420mOsm/L resulted in significant increments of the nodal action potential amplitude (APA)and overshoot(OS) potential whereas hypertonicity did not cause any change in maximum diastolic potential (MDP). Following superfusion of rabbit sinus node cells with mannitol-hypertonic solution, action potential duration (APD 60:time to 60% repolarization) was significantly prolonged while the rate of spontaneous firing (RSF) was increased markedly. On the other hand increased tonicity up to 470mOsm/L caused a significant decrease in the RSF of atrial muscles cell in teh gold-fish. The results of teh present study indicate that electrical activities of animal cardiac cells are altered by hypertonic solution and effect of hypertonicity may not be the same in different species of animals.

홍삼 ethanol extract 및 saponin이 가토 유두근세포의 활동전압 및 수축성에 미치는 효과

김기순,구자란,신홍기,이민재 한양대학교 의과대학 1991 한양의대 학술지 Vol.11 No.2

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of panax ginseng on the contractility and electrophysiological characteristics of the ventricular muscle cells. Action potentials and contractility were recorded simultaneously in the isolated rabbit ventricular papillary muscle before and during superfusion with ethanol extract of red ginseng (GEE) and crude saponin (CS) obtained from the red ginseng. The results obtained were as follows: 1. When the isolated papillary muscle cells were superfused with GEE (0.01% & 0.05%) action potential amplitude (APA) increased significantly as a result of an increment in overshoot potential (OS). No change was observed in maximum diastolic potential (MDP) and action potential duration(APD). 2. GEE, at concentration of 0.01%, initially increased and later decreased contractility of the papillary muscle. The positive inotropic effect appeared between 10 to 15minutes and the negative inotropic effect 30 minute after onset of superfusion. 3. CS (0.01% & 0.05%) invariably increased OS of the papillary muscle cells. 4. Following sugerfusion with .0.1% and 0.05% CS the contractility of the papillary muscle increased 9.5±1.1% and 20.2±0.9% of the control value, respectively. The results indicate that action potentials of the papillary muscle cells are altered by both GEE and CS and that dual effects of GEE on the contractility of ventricular muscle maybe associated with the existence in GEE of both positive and negative inotropic agents.