개의 비강 내 이행암종 증례

강화정,강상철,정지열,조숙희,노인순,이주명,정종태,김정훈,안민찬,배종희,김재훈,Kang, Hwa-Jung,Kang, Sang-Chul,Jung, Ji-Youl,Jo, Suk-Hee,Roh, In-Soon,Lee, Joo-Myung,Cheong, Jongtae,Kim, Jung-Hun,An, Min-Chan,Bae, Jong-Hee,Kim, Jae-Hoon 대한수의학회 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.3

A 10-year-old female Yorkshire terrier with the clinical signs of nasal swelling, epistaxis and nasal discharge was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. Abnormal nasal mass was detected in physical examination and radiographic findings. After surgical excision, the sample of nasal mass was referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, the mass was soft, friable, and $2.5{\times}4cm$ cm in size. Histopathologically, the mass was composed of mediumsized non-keratinizing columnar to polyhedral cells arranged in anastomosing ribbon and large nest. It has complex in-folding of thick epithelial layers separated by fibrovascular septa. Tumor cells showed characteristic palisading arrangement of columnar cells, and perpendicularly distributed to the basement membrane. The cells had pale basophilic cytoplasm, oval nucleus and one or more nucleoli, and indistinct cellular border. Many tumor cell emboli were presented in lymphatics. Immunohistochemistry revealed that tumor cells were cytokeratin (CK) 19 and CK clone MNF116 positive and but CK7 and CK high molecular weight negative. Based on the gross, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical findings, the mass was diagnosed as transitional carcinoma in nasal cavity. In our best knowledge, this is the first report of transitional carcinoma originated from transitional zone of canine nasal cavity in Korea.

중풍(中風)의 치료(治療)에 있어 청열법(淸熱法)에 대(對)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)

강화정,문병순,Kang, Hwa-Jeong,Moon, Byung-Soon 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국 한의학연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The literatual study on the therapy for clearing away heat with apoplexy therapy, the result were obstained as follows. 1. In apoplexy therapy, therapy for clearing away heat is used excessive heart - fire by overacting of the five emotions, liver fire, deficiency of kidney - fluid, wind - heat. 2. The fire of aetiology of apoplexy is used therapy for clearing away eat, in aspect of viscera and bowels, divied into heart - fire, liver - fire, deficiency fie of kidney yin, wetness - phlegm of spleen heat. The treatment is clear away heart - fire, clear away liver - fire, clear away spleen - heat and sthenic water. 3. Symptom of excessiveness symptom - complex is used therapy for clearing away heat that are fever, flushed face, halitosis, heart burn, easy anger, apoplestic stroke, unconsciouness, trismus, paralysis, constipation, red tongue with yellow coat, taut - smooth pulse or full - rapid pulse and symptom of insufficiency symptom - complex that are dizziness, tinitus, blurring of vision, deficiency sleeping, dreaminess, lassitude of the loins and legs, hemiplegia, red tongue with white coat or thin - yellow coat taut - thready - rapid pulse. 4. Therapy for norish vital essence - clearing away heat is availed in excessive fire caused by deficiency of yin of the liver and kidney, therapy for break through phlegm - clearing away heat in stagnant heat therapy for waking up a patient from unconsciousness - clearing away heat in yang type sthenia - syndrom of coma of apoplexy involving viscera and bowels. 5. Commonly used recipes of therapy for clearing away heat are Yang gyolksan(凉膈散), Bang pongtongseongsan(防風通聖散), Sotongseongsan(小通聖散), Jibodan(至寶丹), Supungsungisan(搜風順氣散), Woowhangchengshimwhan(牛黃淸心丸), Chengungsekgong(川芎石膏湯), Samwhatang(三化湯) etc in excessiveness symptom- complex, and are Yukmijiwhangweon(六味地黃元), Jiwhangtang(地黃湯), Palmiji whangtang(八味地黃湯), Samultanggagam(四物湯加減) etc in insufficiency symptom - complex.

뇌졸중환자(腦卒中患者)에 있어서 치료경과(治療經過)에 따른 뇌혈류(腦血流) 변화(變化) - Brain SPECT 결과(結果)를 중심(中心)으로 -

강화정,홍석,김종석,송호천,범희승,전상윤,Kang, Hwa-Jeong,Hong, Seok,Kim, Jong-Seok,Song, Ho-Chon,Bum, Hee-Seung,Jeon, Sang-Yun 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

Object : SPECT which can visualize the distribution of CBF was operated to find the basic evidence by objective and scientific inspection on the fact that how the oriental medical treatment for stroke patients can effect CBF. Method : This study made 18 cases an object of research. These patients came to the Dongshin Univ. Oriental Medical Hospical within 5 days from the first attack, were diagnosed as stroke from Brain CT and MAl and were in the hospital for over 4 weeks at least. They were taken acupunture treatment, negative technique and herbal medication. And this study operated SPECT at the instance of admission and at the 4th week after admission 2 times and compared the change of CBF. Results : I operated SPECT on 18 CVA patients and got a result on the change of blood supplies in brain as follows; In the 2nd SPECT compared with 1st, out of the 1st and 2nd SPECT, there are 10 cases(55.6%) of increase and 8 cases (44.4%) of decrease. According to L/Cb11 evauation standard, the 1 st and the 2nd changes of blood supplies in SPECT shows decrese from $0.830{\pm}0.071$ to $0.801{\pm}0.067$. On the other hand, according to L/C standard shows a minute increase from $0.894{\pm}0.079$ to $0.895{\pm}0.091$. But there is nothing meaningful. I treated patients' group with risk factors and the other patients' group without risk factors and observed the changes of blood supplies respectively. And therefore Patients' group without risk factors shows an meaningful increase of blood supplies from $0.835{\pm}0.076$ to $0.796{\pm}0.069$ L/Cbll and also an increase from $0.921{\pm}0.029$ to $0.939{\pm}0.029$ by L/C. But this result by L/C is not significant. Conclusion : As mentioned above, I treated CVA patients through oriental medical therapies using SPECT and researched the changes of blood supplies in their brains. But I could' t get any meaningful result. However, I think only after solving some problems in this treatment and quantifing the changes of blood supplies, this results can be the standard of scientific examination about oriental medical treatments.

음주(飮酒)가 뇌졸중(腦卒中)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 동서의학적(東西醫學的) 연구(硏究)

강화정,문병순,Kang, Hwa-Jeong,Moon, Byung-Soon 대한한방내과학회 1997 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

As to the effects of drinking on the cerebrovascular system, the result of studies by Eastern-Western medicine indicate the following conclusions: 1. Oriental medical studies show drinking causes 'Dam-em', 'Dam-tak', and 'Seub-yul' and is, thus related to hypertension and hyperlipidemia. 2. Oriental medical studies also show that hypertension and hyperlipidemia, which includes apoplexy, a dizziness, headaches and 'Gan-yang', are caused by 'Dam-em', 'Dam-tak' and 'Heul-uh'. In most cases of obesity. which is piled 'Seub-dam' in the spleen and stomach, is caused by alcohol consumption. 3. Large amounts of alcohol consumption is a dangerous factor in many kinds of cerebrovascular attacks but under the middle grade of drinking it is not harmful. And it is a predominant theory that a small quantity of alcohol consumption is good for preventing cerebrovascular attacks. 4. Taking a brain computed tomography after alcohol has been introduced into the system reveals strange symptoms like ventricle dilatation, cerebral atrophy, and pathologic histological degeneration. 5. Alcohol is related to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity which are dangerous factors in cerebrovascular attacks. This is especially true with hypertension and obesity. 6. Western medicine says, because of the close relations between hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and the grade of obesity, drinking increases the chances of cerebrovascular attacks. Our findings show that reducing alcohol intake, an environmental factor, will help prevent cerebrovascular attacks.

어린이의 흥미·경험·시선으로 재구성한 초등 현대사 수업 연구

강화정(Kang, Hwa Jung) 한국사회과교육연구학회 2021 사회과교육 Vol.60 No.1

이 글은 2018학년도 부산 금정산 초등학교(가명) 6학년의 역사 수업을 관찰한 기록을 바탕으로 작성되었다. 수업 관찰은 한 학기 동안 진행되었다. 이 중 9차시에 걸친 초등학교 현대사 수업과 관련하여 수업 특성을 밝히는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 교사는 중요한 현대사 사건 10가지를 학생들에게 제시하였다. 이 중에서 ‘더 알고 싶은 사건’ 4가지를 고르게 한 결과, 학생들은 ‘남북정상회담’과 ‘한국전쟁’을 가장 많이 선택하였다. 현대사 수업은 남북정상회담 - 한국전쟁의 순서로, 학생들의 흥미와 관심이 높은 순서대로 진행되었다. 이러한 과정은 배우고자 하는 학생의 열정과 욕망을 존중하면서 배움에 열중하는 힘을 지속하게 하였다. 또, 교사는 학생의 일상 생활 경험을 바탕으로 역사를 이해할 수 있도록 안내하였다. 특히 일상생활에서 학생들이 경험했던 트라우마적 상황을 바탕으로 역사적 상황, 한국전쟁의 참상에 다가가도록 한 방식이 인상적이었다. 현대사 수업 과정에서 ‘가까운 과거-미래-현재- 먼 과거’를 오가는 방식을 학생들은 혼란스럽거나 이상하다고 여기지 않았다. 초등학생의 시선으로 역사를 볼때 시간개념에 대한 접근 방식은 어떻게 달라질 수 있는지 탐색할 필요가 있다. 사례연구를 통해 초등 역사교육을 향한 제안점도 제시하였다. 초등 역사교육에서 역사적 맥락과 의미를 숙고할 수 있는 접근이 필요하다는 제안, 어린이의 경험과 일상생활을 만나려는 시도 중 하나로서 생활사 교육에 대한 문제의식과 검토가 다각적으로 이뤄져야 한다는 제안, ‘어린이의 역사’를 향한 노력과 대안적 서사 찾기가 지속되어야 한다는 제안이 그것이다. This article was based on a record of observing history classes of sixth graders at Geumjeongsan Elementary School (a pseudonym) in Busan in 2018. The class observation was conducted for a semester. The purpose of this study was to reveal characteristics of these classes in relation to the contemporary history classes of elementary schools over nine sessions. The teacher presented 10 important contemporary history events to students. As a result of choosing “I want to know more” from among them, students chose “the inter-Korean summit” and “the Korean War” the most. Contemporary history classes were conducted in the order of the inter-Korean summit-the Korean War. Students’ interest were high. This process allowed students to continue their passion for learning while respecting their passion and desire to learn. In addition, the teacher guided students to understand history based on their daily experiences. In particular, it was impressive how students approached historical situations and horrors of the Korean War based on trauma experienced in their daily lives. In the course of contemporary history classes, students did not consider the way of narrative of “close-to-future-present-far past” confusing or strange. If one looks at history from the perspective of elementary school students, one should think about the concept of time and the approach to time. We also presented suggestions for elementary history education through case studies. Other proposals were also possible. First, an approach to reflect the historical context and the meaning of elementary history education is needed. Second, a variety of questions and reviews of life history education should be made as one of attempts to meet children’s experiences and daily lives. Third, efforts and alternative narratives should be continued.

치상조직과 배재가 무 재분화에 미치는 영향

강화정(Wha-Jeong Kang),우종규(Jong-Gyu Woo),윤진영(Jin-Young Yoon) 한국원예학회 1994 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.12 No.2

고등학생의 민주주의 이해 양상

강화정(Kang, Hwa-Jung) 효원사학회 2014 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.45

Democratic education is the key goal of modern public education. The democratic education in Korean history has been performed in a way of viewing the historical development of democracy focusing on the area of Korean contemporary history. This study investigated how high school students understand democracy in the developing process of Korean contemporary history by focusing on 5 · 16 and 5 · 18. The 1st grade students of an academic high school in Busan were selected for analysis. The 33 students in the @th grade of the first grade recognized 5 · 16 as a “military coup(coup d’etat)” or a “military revolution”. Most of the students recognized 5 · 18 as a “democratization movement”, but there were some students who regarded it as a “riot”. When students’ recognition was examined in relation to 5 · 16 and 5 · 18, two students who regarded 5 · 16 as a military revolution and 5 · 18 as a riot were incidentally the users of “Ilbe (Daliy Best)”. Ilbe is the name of a website called the Daily Best Storehouse. It is known as the site that posts the messages that shows deep hatred and aggression against progress female foreigners. In-depth interviews were conducted on eight students who connect to Ilbe steadily at least once in 2-3 days. As a result, things in common could be found from the eight students as follows. First, The Ilbe users were sharing the same recognition about particular historical events. Second, they understood history in terms of dichotomy from the current perspective. They tried to divide all historical events and historical figures into the left and right. Third, they tried to overturn the narration of the existing democratization movements. Fourth, they have a negative emotion about democratization and democracy. The case of the Ilbe-using students indicated that Korea’s education needs to create democratic education in a completely more sophisticated way. The specific education method to make democracy act as a substantially important value in each student’s life is desperate.

배무추 개화생리 연구

강화정(Wha-Jeong Kang),이수성(Soo-Seong Lee),김현준(Hyun-Jun Kim),박수형(Su-Hyoung Park),서효덕(Hyo-Duk Shu) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.3

무 재분화에 미치는 식물생장조절제와 ethylene inhibitor효과

강화정(H. J. Kang),윤무경(M. K. Yoon),최소영(S. Y. Choi),박효근(H. G. Park) 한국원예학회 1995 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.13 No.2

유한혼합물 모형을 이용한 OECD 합계출산율 군집분석

강화정(Hwa Jeong Kang),황다연(Da Yeon Hwang),이선우(Seon Woo Lee),김지현(Ji Hyun Kim),전형준(Hyeong Jun Jeon),주용성(Yong Sung Joo) 한국데이터정보과학회 2020 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.5

본 연구에서는 저조한 한국 출산율에 영향을 끼치는 요인을 파악하고자 합계출산율에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 분석에 사용한 자료는 1998년~2017년 사이에 수집된 OECD 회원국의 1 인당 GDP, 남·여 고용률 차이, 도시화율, 여성의 초혼연령, 이혼율, 주택가격지수, 혼인율, 합계출산율이다. 수집된 자료를 통해 유한혼합물 모형을 구축한 결과, OECD 회원국은 6개의 군집으로 분류되었으며 이 중 2개의 군집이 합계출산율이 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 한국은 감소하는 경향을 보이는 군집에 포함되었다. 또한 합계출산율이 증가하는 추세를 보이는 군집과 감소하는 군집의 비교를 통해 혼인율이 차이가 나는 것을 발견하였다. In this study, an analysis of the total fertility rate was conducted to identify factors affecting the poor fertility rate in Korea. The data used in the analysis are GDP per capita, differences in male and female employment rates, urbanization rates, women’s early age, divorce rate, housing price index, marriage rate, and total fertility rate, collected between 1998 and 2017. As a result of constructing the finite mixture model from the collected data, OECD member countries were classified into 6 clusters, of which 2 clusters tended to increase in total fertility rate, and Korea was included in clusters showing a tendency to decrease. In addition, it was found that the difference between the marriage rate was found by comparing the clusters showing a tendency to increase the total fertility rate and the clusters decreasing.