반짝이콩씨스트선충에 대한 국내 콩 품종의 저항성 검정

강헌일,박남숙,김동근,최인수 한국환경과학회 2021 한국환경과학회지 Vol.30 No.4

For management of soybean parasitic cyst nematodes, this study was conducted to investigate the resistance of the Korean soybean cultivars to HG type 2.5.7 of Heterodera sojae. Among the 44 Korean soybean cultivars, there was only one resistant cultivar ‘Namcheon’. ‘Sobaeknamul’, ‘Socheng No. 2’, ‘Pungsannamul’, ‘Cheongja’, ‘Miryang’ and ‘Daewon’ were moderately resistant to HG 2.5.7 of H. sojae populations. Eleven cultivars including ‘Paldal’ were moderately susceptible and the other cultivars were susceptible. Therefore, soybean cultivar ‘Namcheon’ should be cultivated in H. sojae infested fields, until varieties resistant against Heterodera species are more developed or identified. Moreover, ‘Namcheon’ is not recommended for cultivation because very weak to soybean mosaic virus, and it will be a candidate with resistant cultivar breeding resource.

Characterization of Heterodera sojae Virulence Phenotypes in Korea

강헌일,고형래,Byeong-Yong Park,최인수 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.4

The white soybean cyst nematode Heterodera sojae, isolated from the roots of soybean in Korea, is widespread in most provinces of the country and has the potential to be as harmful to soybean as H. glycines. Determining the virulence phenotypes of H. sojae is essential to devising management strategies that use resistant cultivars. Consequently, virulence phenotypes of 15 H. sojae populations from Korea were determined on seven soybean lines and one susceptible check variety. Two different HS types were found to be present in Korea; the more common HS type 2.5.7, comprising 73.3% of the H. sojae populations and the less common HS type 0, constituting only 26.7% of the tested populations. Considering the high frequency of H. sojae adaptation to soybean indicator lines, the PI 88788 group may not be a possible source of resistance while PI 548402, PI 90763, PI 437654, and PI 89772 can be used as resistance sources for soybean breeding programs aimed at developing H. sojae-resistant soybean cultivars in Korea.

Baermann Funnel법의 선충 분리 여과지 선발

강헌일,은근,하지혜,이재현,김동근,김용철,최인수,Kang, Heonil,Eun, Geun,Ha, Jihye,Lee, Jaehyun,Kim, Donggeun,Kim, Yongchul,Choi, Insoo 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Baermann funnel법을 이용하여 비교적 선명한 선충 분리를 위해서는 Kimwipes 4매 정도를 여과지로 사용하여야 한다. 더욱 효율적이고 경제적인 선충 분리용 여과지를 찾기 위하여 시판되고 있는 15개의 제품을 Kimwipes와 비교 실험을 진행하였다. 선충 분리 효율 검정에는 Heterodera sp.의 유충, Meloidogyne sp.의 유충, Pratylenchus sp., Rhabditis sp., Acrobeloides sp., Panagrolaimus sp., Poikilolaimus sp. 그리고 Diplogasterida 등 8속의 선충을 이용하였다. 전체 선충 분리 효율은 42.0 - 88.8%로 나타났다. 1회 비용, 선충 분리 효율 그리고 선명도를 고려하였을 때, 선명도는 A이고 분리 효율은 69.4%로 Kimwipes 4장과 비슷하며(P=0.05), 비용은 50% 저렴한 국내 업체 모나리자 사의 Pulling Kitchen Towel 1매 사용이 가장 적합하였다. The Baermann funnel method requires approximately four Kimwipe tissues for research a nematode count under a stereo microscope. To select more efficient and economical nematode extraction paper for nematode extraction, 15 different kinds of tissue papers were tested and compared with Kimwipe tissues. Nematode species used in the extraction efficiency tests include juvenile (J2) of Heterodera sp., J2 of Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus sp., Rhabditis sp., Acrobeloides sp., Panagrolaimus sp., Poikilolaimus sp. and Diplogasterida. The extraction efficiency varied between 42.0 to 88.8%. Considering costs, extraction efficacy, and clarity, the Pulling Kitchen Towel (Monalisa Co., Korea) is the best tissue, with clarity A, isolation efficiency of 69.4% (not significantly different compared to Kimwipe 1 ply 88.8%), and 1/2 costs per isolation of Kimwipe 2 ply.

First report of a bacteriovorus nematode, Diploscapter coronatus (Cobb, 1893) Cobb, 1913 (Rhabditida: Diploscapteridae), in Korea

강헌일,은근,하지혜,박남숙,최인수,김동근 국립생물자원관 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.2

Diploscapter coronatus (Cobb, 1893) Cobb, 1913 was first reported on oriental melon (Cucumis melovars. makuwa Makino) roots from plastic film houses, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Andong, Korea (latitude N36°33ʹ. longitude E128°29ʹ). Diploscapter coronatus is most similar to D. pachys. Species in the genus Diploscapter have a visibly annulated cuticle. The stoma of D. coronatus is 1.5 times longer than the lip region width. The pharyngeal corpus is clearly separated from the isthmus and the vulva is situated around the mid-body. However, it differed by higher ratio of “a”, filiform tail and had relatively blunt labial hooks. The Korean population is well matched and within the range of D. coronatus as described from Iran and Ethiopia in de Man’s of L, b, c, cʹ, and V. Female length, however, varied between populations: the Ethiopia population female length is longer than in the Korea population (396.4 vs 427.0) while females in the Iran population are smaller than in the Korea population (396.4 vs 350.0). Nematode size may vary due to environmental conditions such as food sources. The position of excretory pores in the Korean population were shorter 53.9-72.5 than in other populations (67-82 and 70-89). Males were uncommon. Males in the Korean population are smaller than females but larger (356.0) than males in the Indian population (306.0).

대중음악평론가 강헌 : 대중문화의 운명을 읽다

강헌,신기주,권영탕(사진) 인물과사상사 2016 인물과 사상 Vol.- No.-

First report of five free-living nematode species (Nematoda: Rhabditida) from Korea

강헌일,서종민,김동근,배창환,김용철,최인수 국립생물자원관 2019 Journal of species research Vol.8 No.3

Five free-living nematode species belonging to the order of Rhabditida are described for the first time in Korea. Two unrecorded species of Rhabditidae, Cruznema tripartitum (Linston, 1906) Zullini, 1982, and Poikilolaimus oxycerca de Man, 1895, and one species of Peloderidae, Pelodera strongyloides Schneider, 1860, were collected in Korea. C. tripartitum has nine pairs of genital papillae arranged in 2+2+1+4 differently from similar species of C. scarabaeum which has ten genital papillae arranged in 2+1+4+3. Poikilolaimus oxycerca has shorter tail (shorter than anal body diameter) compared to similar species of P. regenfussi which has longer tail (longer than anal body diameter). Pelodera strongyloides has shorter tail (1-1.5 times anal body diameters long) than P. punctata (4 anal body diameters long). Two unrecorded species of Panagrolaimidae, Panagrolaimus apicatus Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938 and Panagrolaimus rigidus (Schneider, 1866) Thorne, 1937 were collected in Korea. P. apicatus has rounded and lower lip compared to similar species, P. margaretae Massey, 1964 which has finely pointed lip. P. rigidus has slender tail and lips rounded and flat barely separated when compared to similar species, P. subelongatus (Cobb, 1914) Thorne, 1937 which has plumper tail and lips are well separated.

온도가 딸기뿌리썩이선충(Paratylenchus penetrans)과 사과뿌리썩이선충(P. vulnus)의 증식에 미치는 영향

강헌일,박세근,고형래,김은화,박은형,박병용 한국환경생물학회 2022 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.40 No.4

Perilla plant is a special crop that is used as oilseed and food in Korea. Root lesion nematodes have caused great damage to perilla plants, so for effective management of root lesion nematodes, it is necessary to understand their ecology in perilla. In this study, we investigated the effect of temperature in the development of Pratylenchus penetrans (Pp) and Pratylenchus vulnus (Pv) when the nematodes infected the perilla plant. To estimate the effect of temperature, we assessed the reproduction factor (RF); final population/initial population (Pf/Pi) of these two nematode species. We used perilla plants as inoculated hosts and investigated the density of nematodes at 10 weeks after inoculation. As a result, the RF of Pp was highest at 20°C (0.41 (1st test), 2.2 (2nd test)) followed by 25, 30, and 15°C. The RF of Pv was highest at 30°C (9.84 (1st test), 31.39 (2nd test)), followed by 25, 20, and 15°C. Comparing the RF by temperature between Pp and Pv, Pv was higher than Pp at all temperatures used in the test. This study showed the optimal development temperature of Pp was 20-25°C and Pv was 30°C, respectively. 온도가 딸기뿌리썩이선충(Pratylenchus penetrans)과 사 과뿌리썩이선충(P. vulnus)의 증식에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 들깨에 뿌리썩이선충을 접종 10주 후에 선충의 증식지수(Reproduction factor, Pf/Pi)를 조사하였다. 딸기뿌리썩이선충의 증식지수는 20°C에서 재배된 들깨에서 가장 높았으며, 25°C, 30°C, 15°C 순으로 각각 높았다. 딸기뿌리썩이선충의 증식은 들깨의 재배온도가 25°C까지 증가하다가 30°C에서는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 사과뿌리썩이선충의 증식은 30°C에서 재배된 들깨에서 가장 높았으며, 25°C, 20°C, 15°C 순으로 높았다. 사과뿌리썩이선충의 증식지수는 온도가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 두 종간의 증식지수를 비교한 결과 사과뿌리썩이선충(증식 최적 온도 30°C)은 딸기뿌리썩이선충(증식 최적 온도 20~25°C)보다 상대적으로 높은 온도에서 더 많이 증식되는 경향을 보였다.

Identification of Molecular Adsorbate Using Cs+ Reactive Scattering

강헌 한국진공학회 1999 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

의료행위의 특허보호에 관한 연구

강헌 아주대학교 법학연구소 2018 아주법학 Vol.12 No.1

인간의 생명과 신체를 대상으로 하는 의료행위는 윤리적 관점에서 그 특허성이 제한될 수밖에 없다. 따라서 각국은 의료행위의 특허성 자체를 부정함으로써 또는 그 특허성은 인정하지만 침해책임을 면하게 함으로써 의료행위에 대한 독점권을 제한하고 있다. 즉 의료행위는 모든 사람들이 제한 없이 수혜를 입어야 한다는 윤리적 측면과 특허제도내에서의 독점적 보호를 통한 의료기술의 연구 및 개발 촉진이라는 두 가지 명제를 조화시키는 방향으로 그 해결을 모색하고 있다. 우리나라의 경우 일본과 마찬가지로 산업상 이용가능성(특허법 제29조 제1항)이 없다는 이유로 의료행위의 특허성을 부정하고 있으며, 나아가 신체를 대상으로 하는 발명은 공서양속규정(특허법 제32조)에 의하여 특허성을 검토하고 있다. 이에 대하여 의료업은 산업에 포함되는 것으로 보아야하므로 의료행위를 산업상 이용가능성의 흠결을 이유로 특허성을 부정하는 것은 설득력이 없으며, 오히려 공서양속 규정에 의하여 의료행위의 불특허성을 명시하는 것이 타당하다는 견해가 다수 있다. 나아가 미국의 입장을 취하여 의료행위의 특허성을 원칙적으로 인정하고 의료행위에 대 한 면책규정을 두는 사후적 규제방식을 도입자하는 주장도 있다. 본 논문에서는 미국, 일본 및 우리나라에서의 의료행위에 대한 특허보호의 현황과 학계에서의 다양한 논의들을 검토하고, 나아가 의료행위의 특허성 여부에 대한 현행법의 해석 기준 및 방향을 제시해 보았다. A controversy over the medical method patents have been a typical problem under the patent system. The medical method patents are needed to be extended for the purpose of its development, but the medical method patents must be restricted from the moral and ethical perspectives. The solution to this problem is the proper balance between the ethical perspectives for maintaining the human life or health and the technical development in the field of the medical method by monopolistic protection under the patent system. Each nations take various legal systems for the medical method patents to balance the two considerations. In this article, I will search for U,S,A,, Japan and Korea patent system for the medical method patents and review the legal issues involved in them in order to recover the human life or health and develop medical method.

산업표준의 포획에 대한 구제수단

강헌 한국지식재산학회 2004 産業財産權 Vol.- No.15

A number of remedies may apply when patents on the subject matter of industry standards conflict with the full achievement of the purposes of those standards. Several nonpatent law remedies were applied in earlier cases of standards capture, including antitrust and contract-based remedies (fraud, equitable estoppel, and implied license). But These remedies have inherent limitations. So the application of the patent law-derived remedies of mandatory disclosure, compulsory licensing, and patent misuse-based nonenforcement to target certain cases of standards abuse by patent owners is to be considered. The sensitivity of the patent misuse doctrine to the public policy makes the misuse doctrine a viable and important tool to remedy abusive standards capture by patent owners beyond the marketplace impact-focus of antitrust analysis. In the case of a technology standard promulgated by industry, the key inquiry should be whether the patentee disclosed the existence of its patent or patent application to the standards-setting body while that body had an opportunity to select an alternative, nonproprietary standard. If the patentee's nondisclosure of its intellectual property rights to the standards- setting body was intentional, Courts should refuse to enforce the patent altogether under the patent misuse doctrine, thus depriving the patentee of any remedy, injunctive or monetary, for use of the patented invention. And compulsory licensing should be imposed if the patent owner refuses to license all users of the standard.