Studies on the prevention of tuberculosis in pet dogs 1. The effects of BCG pretreatment in pet dogs inoculated experimentally with Mycobacterium bovis

강종구,김창기,Kang, Jong-koo,Kim, Chang-ki The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1992 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.32 No.1

Mycobacterium (M) bovis 를 인공감염시킨 개에 있어서 BCG의 전처치효과를 in vivo 및 in vitro에서 검토하였다. 개들은 BCG 전처치군, M bovis 단독처치군, 비감염대조군의 세군으로 나누었다. BCG는 M bovis 복강접종 3주일전에 0.2ml를 피내접종하였다. 결핵균 투여 4개월후에 전군을 도살하여 실험에 사용하였다. 도살시 모든 처치군에서 감염이 확인되었다. 병리조직학적으로 BCG전처치군의 폐장내에서는 경도의 macrophage의 침윤과 소상의 육아종 형성이 관찰되였으나 M bovis 단독처치군에 있어서는 보다 고도의 macrophage의 침윤, 중등도의 호중구의 침윤 및 중등도의 육아종의 형성이 확인되었다. 각 동물의 기관지폐포세정액을 분리하여 그 속의 총세포수와 각 세포의 분획을 검토하였다. 비감염 대조군의 기관지폐포세정액내의 총세포수는 두 처치군보다 훨씬 낮았으며 M bovis 단독처치군의 총세포수는 BCG 전처치군보다 1.8배 높았다. 이 세정액으로부터 폐포 macrophage를 분리배양하여 macrophage의 활성능과 결핵균의 증식능을 관찰하였다. BCG처치군은 M bovis 단독처치군에 비하여 높은 Fc receptor 활성(rosette 형성능, 탐식능)과 낮은 결핵균의 증식이 관찰되었다. 그러나 BCG의 전처치는 결핵균을 killing하지는 못하였다. 개에게 BCG를 전처치하면 폐내에 극소수의 결핵균이 지속적으로 잔존하지만 폐포 macrophage는 이미 항결핵성면역능을 지닌채로 계속 활성화된 상태로 존재하기 때문에 결핵에 대하여 예방효과를 갖는다고 사료된다. Dogs were divided into 3 groups of two each; Bacillie Calmette-Guerin(BCG) pretreatment, M bovis only treatment and uninfected control group. BCG were vaccinated intradermally with 0.2ml before 3weeks of M bovis intraperitoneal infection. Infection at necropsy 4months later was readily in the both treated dogs. Histopathologically, the BCG pretreated dogs produce the moderate accumulation of macrophages and focal granuloma formation in the lung, whereas the M bovis only treared dogs produce the accumulation of predominantly macrophages, occasionaly polymorphonuclear cells and the more larger granuloma Bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) was obtained and total and differential cell counts were examined. Total number of BAL cells harvested from uninfected dogs is lower compared with those of the both treated groups. The total cell number of M bovis only treated dogs were singificantly higher 1.8 times than that of the BCG pretreated dogs. The Fe receptor activity and the growth of organism in alveolar macrophages obtained from BCG pretreated dogs were compared with that in macrophages from M bovis only treated dogs. BCG vaccination resulted in substantial macrophage activation, measured as increased Fc receptor mediated phagocytosis and rosette formation, as wells as the inhibition of intracellular mycobacteria multiplication. However, actibated macrophages taken from BCG pretreated dogs are incapable of killing the M bovis. Thus, these results suggest that BCG pretrearment in the dog may produce a protective effect against tuberculosis because active alveolar macrophages have acquired antituberculous immunity, although few mycobacteria within the lung remain in a metabolically active state.

결핵 감염원에 관한 역학적 연구

강종구,김창기,권영방,Kang, Jong-koo,Kim, Chang-ki,Kwon, Young-bang 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.1

1. The sixty raised shepherd and sixty-five inhoused pet dogs in the regions of Daejon and Cheongju were subjected to investigate the TB infection by means of BCG and X-ray diagnosis. The 5 out of 65 inhoused pet and 7 out of 60 shepherd dogs were observed to be infected with TB, respectively. However, none of Mycobacterium species were detected from lung tissues of 4-slaughtered dogs showing BCG positive reaction. 2. The rats were first inoculated with 0.1ml BCG, and then 0.1ml M bovis suspended solution($1{\times}10^5$ organisms/0.2ml) 3weeks later. After 5 months, the animals were killed. The pathohistological results from both groups, TB inoculated and BCG treated groups, were observed on the surface of lung. Furthermore, the severe pathological lesion in the Iung was observed in M bovis inoculated group compared to BCG treated group. 3. The slight macrophage invasion and granuloma formation in the lung from BCG treated group were observe individually. However, it was confirmed that the lung from M bovis treated group was invaded by the macrophages and neutrophils combined with the granuloma formation. 4. When the numbers of the total cells taken from broncho-alvealar fluid in each of mouse from both groups were differentially counted, the number of total cell, neutrophils, and lymphocytes from M bovis treated group were significantly increase compared with those of BCG treated group. 5. Although there were nearly no response of the alveolar macrophages to CSF in serum obtained from control group, those from M boris treated group were significantly proliferated.

DeepLabV3+와 Swin Transformer 모델을 이용한 Sentinel-2 영상의 구름탐지

강종구,박강현,김근아,윤유정,최소연,이양원,Kang, Jonggu,Park, Ganghyun,Kim, Geunah,Youn, Youjeong,Choi, Soyeon,Lee, Yangwon 대한원격탐사학회 2022 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.38 No.6

Sentinel-2 can be used as proxy data for the Korean Compact Advanced Satellite 500-4 (CAS500-4), also known as Agriculture and Forestry Satellite, in terms of spectral wavelengths and spatial resolution. This letter examined cloud detection for later use in the CAS500-4 based on deep learning technologies. DeepLabV3+, a traditional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, and Shifted Windows (Swin) Transformer, a state-of-the-art (SOTA) Transformer model, were compared using 22,728 images provided by Radiant Earth Foundation (REF). Swin Transformer showed a better performance with a precision of 0.886 and a recall of 0.875, which is a balanced result, unbiased between over- and under-estimation. Deep learning-based cloud detection is expected to be a future operational module for CAS500-4 through optimization for the Korean Peninsula.

DeepLabV3+ 모델을 이용한 PlanetScope 영상의 해상 유출유 탐지

강종구,윤유정,김근아,박강현,최소연,양찬수,이종혁,이양원,Kang, Jonggu,Youn, Youjeong,Kim, Geunah,Park, Ganghyun,Choi, Soyeon,Yang, Chan-Su,Yi, Jonghyuk,Lee, Yangwon 대한원격탐사학회 2022 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.38 No.6

Since oil spills can be a significant threat to the marine ecosystem, it is necessary to obtain information on the current contamination status quickly to minimize the damage. Satellite-based detection of marine oil spills has the advantage of spatiotemporal coverage because it can monitor a wide area compared to aircraft. Due to the recent development of computer vision and deep learning, marine oil spill detection can also be facilitated by deep learning. Unlike the existing studies based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, we conducted a deep learning modeling using PlanetScope optical satellite images. The blind test of the DeepLabV3+ model for oil spill detection showed the performance statistics with an accuracy of 0.885, a precision of 0.888, a recall of 0.886, an F1-score of 0.883, and a Mean Intersection over Union (mIOU) of 0.793.

전투실험 분석을 위한 최적화 시뮬레이션 프레임워크

강종구,이민규,김선범,황근철,이동훈,Kang, Jong-Gu,Lee, Minkyu,Kim, Sunbum,Hwang, Kun-Chul,Lee, Donghoon 한국시뮬레이션학회 2015 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.24 No.2

다양한 변수들이 존재하는 현대의 전투전장에서는 운용전술에 따라 전투의 양상이 결정되기 때문에 최적화된 운용전술을 도출하는 연구가 필요하다. 기존의 M&S(Modeling & Simulation) 연구에서는 몬테 칼로 실험을 통해 변수들을 분석하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 이 방법은 상호 복합적으로 작용하는 다수의 변수들의 모든 조합에 대해 시뮬레이션을 수행하기 때문에, 많은 수행시간이 소요되고 최적의 운용전술 도출을 위한 별도의 분석이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 최적화 요소를 찾는 전산탐색 기법 중 하나인 DPSO(Discrete binary version of PSO) 알고리즘을 기반으로 하는 최적화 시뮬레이션 프레임워크를 제안하였다. 최적화 시뮬레이션 프레임워크는 짧은 시간 내에 최적화된 운용전술을 도출하기 위하여 설계되었다. 본 연구에서는 아군 수상함이 적 어뢰로부터 회피하는 사례를 적용하여 최적화 시뮬레이션 프레임워크의 탐색 성능을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 최적화 시뮬레이션 프레임워크의 효율성을 제시하였다. The tactical employment is a critical factor to win the war in the modern battlefield. To apply optimized tactics, it needs analyses related to a battle system. Normally, M&S (Modeling & Simulation) has been studied to analyze data in general problems. However, this method is not suitable for military simulations because there are many variables which make complex interaction in the system. For this reason, we suggested the optimized simulation framework based on the M&S by using DPSO (Discrete binary version of PSO) algorithm. This optimized simulation framework makes the best tactical employment to reduce the searching time compared with the normal M&S used by Monte Carlo search method. This paper shows an example to find the best combination of anti-torpedo scenario in a short searching time. From the simulation example, the optimized simulation framework presents the effectiveness.

DPSO 알고리즘을 적용한 수동탐지소나 배치 연구

강종구,Kang, Jong-Gu 한국시뮬레이션학회 2017 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.26 No.1

은밀하게 침투하여 아군의 핵심자산으로 접근하는 표적 잠수함을 상시 감시하기 위하여 수중 해저면 위치에 최적의 고정형 수동탐지소나를 배치하는 것을 고려 할 수 있다. 수동탐지소나 배치 최적화를 위한 효과도 지수는 넓은 탐지영역과 위치추정가능성의 함수로 적용할 수 있는데 계절적인 요인, 해상상태, 표적 잠수함의 침투심도 등의 다양한 확률적 변이를 포함하고 있어서 효과도지수가 배치의 입력에 대하여 확률적으로 나타나는 특성을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 파라메타의 입력조건에 대하여 확률적인 출력을 갖는 수동탐지소나의 배치에 대한 최적화 문제를 정의하였으며, DPSO(Discrete binary version of PSO) 방법을 사용하여 최적 배치 안을 도출하기 위한 모의기반의 절차를 제시하고 고찰하였다. An arrangement of passive sonars is considered to be a fixed underwater surveillance system for detecting an anti-submarine consistently. An effectiveness score for optimizing the arrangement of passive sonars is defined in a function of the probability of detection and localization. These two features contain various probabilistic variations including seasons, sea states, depths of water, etc. Due to this reason, the effectiveness scores show probabilistic characteristics from the input of the arrangement of passive sonars. This paper defines the optimization problem having the results of probabilistic characteristics from various parameters of input conditions. Also, we suggest a simulation-based process of deciding the optimized arrangement of passive sonars using DPSO(Discrete binary version of PSO) method.

토끼에 감염된 유행성 각결막염에 대한 재조합 사람 알파 인터페론-2a안약의 치료효과

강종구(Jong-Koo Kang),오세호(Se-Ho Oh),강세웅(Se-Woong Kang),구본흔(Bon-Heun Koo),강인철(In-Cheol Kang),정광회(Kwang-Hoe Chung) 한국실험동물학회 1996 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.12 No.1

경도장애 학생들에게 고등교육을 실시하고 있는 K 대학교의 사례 연구

강종구 ( Jong Gu Kang ),김영표 ( Young Pyo Kim ) 한국지적장애교육학회(구-한국정신지체아교육학회) 2010 지적장애연구 Vol.12 No.4

본 연구는 경도장애(학습장애와 경도 정신지체) 학생들에게 고등교육을 실시하고 있는 K 대학교의 사례연구로써, K대학교에 재학하는 경도장애 학생들이 대학교육을 받고자 하는 이유와 대학에서의 경험을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 2009년 3월부터 2010년 2월까지 l년 동안 인터뷰를 중심으로 한 질적 연구를 통해 이루어졌으며, K 대학교 A학과 경도장애 학생 l7명과 이들의 학부모 10명을 대상으로 실시되었다. 연구결과는 참여 학생 대부분이 대학에 합격한 것에 대해서는 매우 기뻐하였지만 대학교육을 받고 싶어 한 이유는 다소 차이가 있음을 보여주었다. 또한 참여 학생들은 현재 제공되는 대학생활에 전반적으로 만족하고 있었으며, 특히 직업탐색 및 직업준비의 기간을 확보할 수 있다는 점에 만족하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 외에도 참여 학생들은 대학교육을 통해 자기 자신에 대한 자존감(self-esteem)이 향상되었고, 비장애 학생들과의 보다 현실적인 통합 활동을 함으로써 이전에 경험하지 못했던 새로운 유형의 사회적, 정서적, 교육적 경험을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결국, 경도장애인들에게 대학교육은 자존감 회복과 직업 준비 등 많은 부분에서 긍정적인 역할을 하기 때문에 경도장애인들의 고등교육 참여는 보다 활성화 될 필요가 있다. 경도장애인들의 대학교육은 긍정적인 측면이 많이 있지만, 체계적인 시스템 및 지도의 부족, 비장애 학생과의 완전 통합(Full Inclusion)의 어려움 등은 해결해야 할 과제들이다. 따라서 경도장애인들에게 만족할만한 대학교육을 제공하기 위해서는 장애학생들이 대학에서 경험할 수 있는 어려움을 해결하고 장애학생들을 고려하는 교육과정 및 시스템을 만들어가기 위한 노력이 필요하다. This study was a case study of K university that practices higher education to students with mild disabilities such as learning disabilities and mild mental retardation. It explored the reasons why students with mild disabilities want to receive higher education and the experiences these students have in the university. The study was conducted by a qualitative study based on interviews from March 2009 to February 2010. 17 students with mild disabilities and their 10 parents in a department was participated in the study. The result of the study shows that most participants was pleased that they became a college student. However, they had different reasons regarding the purpose of higher education. In addition, the participants was generally satisfied about college life, and was very satisfied about job search and job preparation. In addition, the participants develop their self-esteem by college education, and experienced new types of social, emotional, and education experiences by doing inclusive activities with non-disabled students. Conclusively, as college education provides people with mild disabilities many advantages such as the recovery of self-esteem and the job preparation, the higher education participation of people with mild disabilities need to be more vitalized. Although the college education for people with mild disabilities have many positive aspects, it needs to overcome several barriers such as the lack of organic system and instruct and the difficulty of full inclusion. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to solve problems students with disabilities may experience in college and to develop curriculum and system for considering students with disabilities.

중·고등학교 축구선수의 공정성지각, 사회정체성 및 조직효과성 간의 구조모형 분석

강종구(Kang, Jong-Ku) 한국체육과학회 2012 한국체육과학회지 Vol.21 No.6

The aim of this research was to propose the appropriate and effective management method for team and athletes by the close examination on the relationship among the perception on fairness, social identity and organizational effect of middle and high school soccer players. For this, 400 soccer athletes of middle and high schools located in Kyounggi, Kyoungbuk and Chonbuk were surveyed. With exception of 28 unreliable questionnaires, 378 ones securing reliability were used for the research. Statistical process was carried out by frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis and correlation analysis with SPSS WIN 18.0. For verifying the structural relationship of a research model, confirmative factor analysis and structural equation modeling were operated with LISREL 8.80. The result of this research was as follows: First, the distribution, procedure and interaction fairnesses that the middle and high school athletes perceived were significant to self-pride. Second, the procedure and interaction fairnesses that they did retained the significant impact on identification. Third, the distribution and procedure fainesses were important to self-esteem. Fourth, pride and self-esteem in social identity were significant to job satisfaction. Last, pride, identification and self-esteem were important to the athletes’ organization indulgence.

저면관수 재배에서 비료 농도의 변환과 관주 주기가 Ornamental pepper의 생육에 미치는 영향

강종구(Jong-Goo Kang),양승열(Seung-Yul Yang),이범선(Beom-seon Lee),정순주(Soon-Ju Chung) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.3