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확공성과 비확공성 대퇴골 금속정 사용에 따른 치료결과의 비교
조수현,조형진,김범수,박태우,조성도,류석우,조용선 대한골절학회 2001 대한골절학회지 Vol.14 No.2
Purpose : To evaluate the effectiveness between reamed and unreamed nailing in the treatment of femoral shaft fracture. Materials and Methods: Among the patients of femoral shaft fracture who were treated with reamed and unreamed nail, we reviewed 49 patients whose follow-up was possible for more than 1 year. The patients were divided into two groups: the reamed and the unreamed group. We reviewed union time, nonunion rate, complication and operation time and compared the effectiveness. Results: The average union time was 30.6 weeks in unreamed group and 27.8 weeks in reamed group, which was not different statistically. There were 5 cases of nonunion in 22 unreamed cases and 3 cases in 27 reamed cases, which meant no statistical difference. There was no significant difference of complications between the two groups. The mean operation time was 141 minutes in reamed group and 110 minutes in unreamed group, which meant statistical difference. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in union time, nonunion rate and comlication between reamed and unremed group. The operation time was shorter in unreamed group, so unreamed nailing can be preferred in the treatment of multiply injured patient.
Oh, Sun-Hee,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Park, Se-Min,Cho, Sung-Hwan,Park, Jong-Sook,Jang, An-Soo,Park, Sung-Woo,Uh, Soo-Taek,Lee, Youg-Mok,Kim, Mi-Kyeong,Choi, Inseon S,Cho, Sang Heon,Hong, Chein-Soo,Lee, Yong Won Ashley Publications 2011 Pharmacogenomics Vol.12 No.3
<P>Aim: Thromboxane A synthase (TBXAS1) converts prostaglandin H to thromboxane A, a potent constrictor of smooth respiratory muscle. Thus, functional alterations of the TBXAS1 gene may contribute to aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA). Materials & methods: We investigated the relationship between SNPs in the TBXAS1 gene and AIA. Asthmatics (n = 470) were categorized into AIA (20% or greater decreases in forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV(1)], or 15% to 19% decreases in FEV(1) with naso-ocular or cutaneous reactions) and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA). A total of 101 SNPs were genotyped. mRNA expression of the TBXAS1 gene by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentrations were measured by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and ELISA. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that the rare allele frequency of rs6962291 in intron 9 was significantly lower in the AIA group (n = 115) than in the ATA group (n = 270) (p(corr) = 0.04). The linear regression analysis revealed a strong association of rs6962291 with the aspirin challenge-induced FEV(1) fall (p = 0.003). RT-PCR revealed an exon-12-deleted splice variant. We measured TBXAS1 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The mRNA levels of the full-length wild-type and splice variant were significantly higher in the TT homozygotes than in the AA homozygotes of rs6962291 (1.00 ± 0.18 vs 0.57 ± 0.03 and 1.00 ± 0.18 vs 0.21 ± 0.05, p = 0.047 and 0.001, respectively). The plasma TXB2 level was significantly lower in rs6962291 AA carriers than in rs6962291 TT (p = 0.016) carriers. Conclusion: The rare allele of rs6962291 may play a protective role against aspirin hypersensitivity via a lower catalytic activity of the TBXAS1 gene, attributed to the increase of a nonfunctioning isoform of TBXAS1. Original submitted 26 August 2010; Revision submitted 29 October 2010.</P>
기업의 사회공헌활동과 여성 - 주요 사례분석을 중심으로 : 기업의 사회공헌활동과 여성
조선주(Sun-Joo Cho),김영옥(Youg-ock Kim) 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2007 여성연구 Vol.73 No.-
본 논문은 기업의 사회공헌활동이 여성 관련 과제를 해결할 수 있는 주요한 외부자원으로서 무엇보다도 기업의 사회공헌활동을 명확히 이해하는 것이 중요하다는 인식 하에 수행되었다. 구체적으로 우리나라 기업의 사회공헌활동 일반 현황을 소개하고, 주요 대상 기업에 대한 문헌 및 홈페이지 조사와 사례분석을 통하여 기업의 사회공헌활동의 특징을 분석하고 여성 영역에서의 함의를 제안하며 기업 사회공헌활동이 성별 수혜자의 특성에 따라 발전할 수 있도록 연구의 기반을 제공하고자 하였다. 주요 연구결과 기업들은 사회복지분야를 가장 중요한 사회공헌활동 영역으로 파악하고 있었으며, 규모가 크고 사회공헌활동의 역사가 다른 기업보다 오래된 기업은 전략적으로 사회공헌활동을 하는 것이 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 규모가 큰 기업일수록 관리해야 할 이해관계자들이 다양하기 때문에 위험관리를 중시하고 있었으며, 기업 내부 직원의 성별에 따라 기업의 사회공헌활동관련 조직 문화에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 성별 수혜대상을 고려하여 사회 공헌 프로그램을 실시하는 경우는 적었으나, 여성수혜자 중심의 기업 사회공헌활동에 대한 필요성과 활용가치에 대해서는 매우 동의하고 있었다. This study presented that the CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility) activity of Korean corporations has demonstrated a steady quantitative progress and more participations. Because there has been almost no gender-based study on the CSR activity, this paper aims to analyze the women-centered CSR activities, to examine the problems and limitations of current CSR activities by conducting case studies on Corporate Philanthropy, in comparison of large corporation and women oriented small corporation. Then, I conducted interviews with corporate philanthropy directors in order to facilitate the in-depth analysis. Based on the gathered information, I made analysis for each company on the state of corporate philanthropy. The social welfare related activities make up the majority of the corporate philanthropy. And the corporation has involved in the community activities for long time was found to have more difficult problems for strategic CSR, comparing with the corporation which has not involved CSR activities for short time. As stakeholders in the diverse system, the larger corporation is facing with risk management. These corporations have the internal evaluation mechanism to assess the outcome of the corporate philanthropy and the reward system. The gender of staffs trained CSR have effect on cultures of organization. As women"s empowerment enlarges and the women-centered CSR activity became an issue, these corporations pretend to develop CSR program of targeting women. Nevertheless these corporations undertake CSR activities without rigid objectives, or without any partnership with civil society and beneficiary-centered programming just as a part of business strategy.
Production of Homozygous Mud Lach by Integration of Induced Gynogenesis
Nam, Yoon Kwon,Cho, Youg Sun,Kim, Dong Soo 한국어류학회 1998 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.10 No.2
Homozygous transgenic mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) line was developed by integrating transgenic technology and artificial gynogenesis. The founder transgenic mud loach was produced by microinjection of a CAT reporter gene driven by carp beta-actin promoter and regulatory region (pFV4CAT) into fertilized eggs. Homozygous transgenic line was generated by performing induced meiotic and mitotic gynogenesis from a transgenic F1 female. One out of 8 transgenic meiogynes and 7 out of 12 transgenic mitogynes were proven to be homozygous for transgene, inheriting the transgene into their progenies by 100% rate. The amounts of expressed CAT in homozygous fish were slightly variable among individuals, ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 folds. All homozygous transgenic individuals transferred transgene to their progenies by 100% frequency consistently.
Hybrid 외고정 장치를 이용한 경골 근위부 골절의 치료
김범수,박태우,조성도,류석우,황수연,조용선 대한골절학회 2001 대한골절학회지 Vol.14 No.2
Purpose : To evaluate the results and usefulness of hybrid external fixator in the treatment of proximal tibia fracture. Material and method: From Jan. 1997 to Jan. 2000, 19 proximal tibia fracture were treated with hybrid external fixator with or without limited internal fixation to stabilize the articular surface. All fractures were classified according to the AO classification. The results were analyzed by ROM(range of motion), bony union time, fracture reduction with MPTA(medial proximal tibial angle) and joint congruency. Result: There were 1 A2, 7 A3, 1 Cl, 8 C2, 2 C3 proximal tibial fractures according to the AO classification. Open fractures were 10 patients. The mean bony union time was 13 wks(range 8-36wks) and the mean length of time in the external fixator was 14wks(range 8-36wks). At last follow up, the MPTA of the proximal tibia was 87.9 degree. 2 patients developed varus(82 degree) and valgus(92 degree) deformity respectively. Complications were intermittent pin drainage in 6 patients(31.6%), deep infection in 1 patient(5.3%) and nonunion in 4 patients(21%) required bone graft and internal fixation with plate at 6 months postoperatively. Four nonunions were 3 C2 and 1 C3 according to the AO classification and three were open fracture(1 type I, 1 type IIIb, 1 type IIIc: Gustilo type) Conclusion: Hybrid external fixation is a good treatment option for proximal tibial fractures. However, nonunion and angular deformity would occur in severe metaphyseal comminution and soft tissue injury. Accurate fracture reduction and careful soft tissue management is prerequisite and if necessory early bone graft should be considered in such cases.